scholarly journals Complications of polyacrylamide gel filler in the Asian-Australian population

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-92
Author(s):  
Amanda Yang Shen ◽  
Frank Lin
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Toxic Substance ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Chinese Immigrants ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Australian Population ◽  
Glandular Atrophy ◽  
Soft Tissue Filler

Polyacrylamide gel (PAAG), known as Aquamid® (Contura Limited, London, United Kingdom, EC4A 1LB) in Australia, is a hydrophilic, non-toxic substance introduced in the 1970s as a soft tissue filler. Banned in the late 1990s due to concerns regarding side effects such as breast cancer and glandular atrophy, there is currently no published data regarding PAAG fillers in the Australian literature. Given the increasing population of Chinese immigrants to Australia, complications will likely be seen more frequently within our healthcare system in the coming decades. This case series highlights two case in Australia with discussion of symptoms, signs and best-practice management.

scholarly journals Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer During Pregnancy: An 18-Year Experience From Five London Teaching Hospitals

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (18) ◽  
pp. 4192-4197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alistair E. Ring ◽  
Ian E. Smith ◽  
Alison Jones ◽  
Catherine Shannon ◽  
Eleni Galani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Palliative Chemotherapy ◽  
Case Series ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Rare Association

Purpose The rare association between breast cancer and pregnancy means that few oncologists gain an expertise in this area. In particular, there are few published data concerning the use of chemotherapy for breast cancer during pregnancy. In this retrospective case series, we describe the experiences of five hospitals in London, United Kingdom, and how they manage this condition. Patients and Methods Retrospective searches were performed at five London hospitals in order to identify women who received chemotherapy for breast cancer while pregnant. Results Twenty-eight women were identified who had received chemotherapy for breast cancer during pregnancy. Twenty-four women received adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy for early breast cancer, and four women received palliative chemotherapy for metastatic disease. A total of 116 cycles of chemotherapy were administered during pregnancy. Sixteen women were treated with anthracycline-based chemotherapy and 12 received cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil. All but one of the women were treated after the first trimester. One spontaneous abortion occurred in the woman treated during her first trimester; otherwise, there were no serious adverse consequences for the mothers or neonates. Conclusion These data provide evidence that in terms of peripartum complications and immediate fetal outcome, chemotherapy can be safely administered to women during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy.

Reversal of DIRECT-ACTING Oral Anticoagulants in Urgent Surgery of the Proximal Aorta: case Series and Review of the literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (38) ◽  
pp. 4534-4539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Zimmermann ◽  
Fawzi Ameer ◽  
Berhane Worku ◽  
Dimitrios Avgerinos
Keyword(s):  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Aortic Surgery ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Clotting Factors ◽  
Urgent Surgery ◽  
Direct Acting ◽  
Direct Acting Oral Anticoagulants

Introduction: Proximal aorta interventions impose significant bleeding risk. Patients on concomitant anticoagulation regimens compound the risk of bleeding in any surgery, but especially cardiothoracic interventions. The employment of direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOAC), namely those that target clotting factors II or X, has expanded at a precipitous rate over the last decade. The emergence of their reversal agents has followed slowly, leaving clinicians with management dilemmas in urgent surgery. We discuss current reversal strategies based on the available published data and our experience with proximal aortic surgery in patients taking DOACs. Literature Search: We performed a review of literature and present three cases from our experience to offer insight into management strategies that have been historically successful. A review of literature was conducted via PubMed with the following search string: (NOAC or DOAC or TSOAC) and (aorta or aortic or (Stanford and type and a)). Case Presentation: We present three case presentations that illustrate the importance of DOAC identification and offer management strategies in mitigating associated bleeding risks in urgent or emergent surgeries. Conclusion: Treatment teams should be aware of the technical limitations of identifying and reversing DOACs. In view of the tendency toward publishing positive outcomes, more scientific rigor is required in the area of emergency DOAC reversal strategies.

scholarly journals Neoplastic lesions in domestic pigs detected at slaughter: literature review and a 20-year review (1998–2018) of carcass inspection in Catalonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia Morey-Matamalas ◽  
Enric Vidal ◽  
Jorge Martínez ◽  
Jaume Alomar ◽  
Antonio Ramis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Case Series ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Support Network ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Nerve Sheath Tumor ◽  
Lymphoid Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoid Neoplasms ◽  
Neoplastic Lesions ◽  
Slaughtered Pigs

Abstract Background The present paper reviews the occurrence of neoplasms in swine and presents a case series of 56 tumors submitted to the Slaughterhouse Support Network (Servei de Suport a Escorxadors [SESC] IRTA-CReSA]) from slaughtered pigs from 1998 to 2018 (April) in Catalonia (Spain). The aim of the study was to describe the spectrum of spontaneous neoplastic lesions found in slaughtered pigs and to compare the reported tumor cases with previous published data. Lymphoid neoplasms were characterized and classified using the WHO classification adapted for animals. Results The most reported neoplasm during this period was lymphoma (28). Within lymphomas, the B-cell type was the most common, being the diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (15/28) the most represented subtype. Other submitted non-lymphoid neoplasms included melanoma (7), nephroblastoma (3), mast cell tumor (2), liposarcoma (2), osteochondromatosis (2), papillary cystadenocarcinoma (1), peripheral nerve sheath tumor (1), lymphoid leukemia (1), fibropapilloma (1), hemangiosarcoma (1), hepatoma (1), histiocytic sarcoma (1), pheochromocytoma (1) and osteosarcoma (1). Conclusions The existence of a well-established Slaughterhouse Support Network allowed the compilation of comprehensive data for further epidemiological and pathological studies, particularly about less commonly reported lesions in livestock such as neoplasms in pigs.

scholarly journals Characteristics and Outcomes Among Hospitalized COVID-19-Positive Patients in a Nonurban Environment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert P Lennon ◽  
Theodore J Demetriou ◽  
M Fahad Khalid ◽  
Lauren Jodi Van Scoy ◽  
Erin L Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Academic Medical Center ◽  
Military Medicine ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Retrospective Case

ABSTRACT Introduction Virtually all hospitalized coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) outcome data come from urban environments. The extent to which these findings are generalizable to other settings is unknown. Coronavirus disease-2019 data from large, urban settings may be particularly difficult to apply in military medicine, where practice environments are often semi-urban, rural, or austere. The purpose of this study is compare presenting characteristics and outcomes of U.S. patients with COVID-19 in a nonurban setting to similar patients in an urban setting. Materials and Methods This is a retrospective case series of adults with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection who were admitted to Hershey Medical Center (HMC), a 548-bed tertiary academic medical center in central Pennsylvania serving semi-urban and rural populations, from March 23, 2020, to April 20, 2020 (the first month of COVID-19 admissions at HMC). Patients and outcomes of this cohort were compared to published data on a cohort of similar patients from the New York City (NYC) area. Results The cohorts had similar age, gender, comorbidities, need for intensive care or mechanical ventilation, and most vital sign and laboratory studies. The NYC’s cohort had shorter hospital stays (4.1 versus 7.2 days, P < .001) but more African American patients (23% versus 12%, P = .02) and higher prevalence of abnormal alanine (>60U/L; 39.0% versus 5.9%, P < .001) and aspartate (>40U/L; 58.4% versus 42.4%, P = .012) aminotransferase, oxygen saturation <90% (20.4% versus 7.2%, P = .004), and mortality (21% versus 1.4%, P < .001). Conclusions Hospitalists in nonurban environments would be prudent to use caution when considering the generalizability of results from dissimilar regions. Further investigation is needed to explore the possibility of reproducible causative systemic elements that may help improve COVID-19-related outcomes. Broader reports of these relationships across many settings will offer military medical planners greater ability to consider outcomes most relevant to their unique settings when considering COVID-19 planning.

scholarly journals Profiling the expression of pro-metastatic genes in association with the clinicopathological features of primary breast cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed-Mohammad Mazloomi ◽  
Mitra Foroutan-Ghaznavi ◽  
Vahid Montazeri ◽  
Gholamreza Tavoosidana ◽  
Ashraf Fakhrjou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Clinicopathological Features ◽  
Cell Junctions ◽  
Homologous Gene ◽  
Axillary Lymph ◽  
Luminal A ◽  
Transcriptional Profiles ◽  
First Time

Abstract Background Metastasis accounts for ninety percent of breast cancer (BrCa) mortality. Cortactin, Ras homologous gene family member A (RhoA), and Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) raise cellular motility in favor of metastasis. Claudins (CLDN) belong to tight junction integrity and are dysregulated in BrCa. Thus far, epidemiologic evidence regarding the association of different pro-metastatic genes with pathological phenotypes of BrCa is largely inconsistent. This study aimed to determine the possible transcriptional models of pro-metastatic genes incorporate in holding the integrity of epithelial cell–cell junctions (CTTN, RhoA, ROCK, CLDN-1, CLDN-2, and CLDN-4), for the first time, in association with clinicopathological features of primary BrCa. Methods In a consecutive case-series design, 206 newly diagnosed non-metastatic eligible BrCa patients with histopathological confirmation (30–65 years) were recruited in Tabriz, Iran (2015–2017). Real-time RT-PCR was used. Then fold changes in the expression of target genes were measured. Results ROCK amplification was associated with the involvement of axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM; ORadj. = 3.05, 95%CI 1.01–9.18). Consistently, inter-correlations of CTTN-ROCK (β = 0.226, P < 0.05) and RhoA-ROCK (β = 0.311, P < 0.01) were determined among patients diagnosed with ALNM+ BrCa. In addition, the overexpression of CLDN-4 was frequently observed in tumors identified by ALNM+ or grade III (P < 0.05). The overexpression of CTTN, CLDN-1, and CLDN-4 genes was correlated positively with the extent of tumor size. CTTN overexpression was associated with the increased chance of luminal-A positivity vs. non-luminal-A (ORadj. = 1.96, 95%CI 1.02–3.77). ROCK was also expressed in luminal-B BrCa tumors (P < 0.05). The estrogen receptor-dependent transcriptions were extended to the inter-correlations of RhoA-ROCK (β = 0.280, P < 0.01), ROCK-CLDN-2 (β = 0.267, P < 0.05), and CLDN-1-CLDN-4 (β = 0.451, P < 0.001). Conclusions For the first time, our findings suggested that the inter-correlations of CTTN-ROCK and RhoA-ROCK were significant transcriptional profiles determined in association with ALNM involvement; therefore the overexpression of ROCK may serve as a potential molecular marker for lymphatic metastasis. The provided binary transcriptional profiles need more approvals in different clinical features of BrCa metastasis.

scholarly journals Case series: Breast and ovarian cancer syndrome

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Brca Mutation ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Second Primary ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Breast And Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Ovarian Carcinomas ◽  
Increased Risk

Aims and Objectives: To report a series of cases with breast and ovarian carcinomas either in same patient or in a family and identifying the importance of BRCA 1,2 genetic testing in such individuals. Materials and Methods: The medical records of breast and ovarian cancer patients operated over past 3 years at a single institute were reviewed retrospectively and their clinical profile, family history, final pathological reports and follow up data was collected. Results: 8 patients were found to have breast and ovarian malignancies, out of which 3 had synchronous breast and ovarian cancers, 4 had metachronous and 1 patient with ovarian cancer had history of breast cancer in family. Median age of presentation to the hospital was 47 years and median time interval in metachronous disease patients was 5.5 years. Conclusion: About 5% of people who have breast cancer and about 10% of women who have ovarian cancer have HBOC, caused by germline mutation in BRCA1, 2 gene. These individuals have increased risk of developing breast cancer at younger age, TNBC, or developing a second primary in breast or ovary plus an overall risk of breast/ovarian/prostate/pancreatic malignancies in other family members due to inheritable mutation. Identification of BRCA mutation in such individuals can help family members to undergo genetic counseling and follow different screening and prevention guidelines from general population thus reducing the cancer risks.

Upgrade rates and outcomes of screen-detected atypical intraductal epithelial proliferation (AIDEP) diagnosed on core needle biopsy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Emma C. Dunne ◽  
Edel M. Quinn ◽  
Maurice Stokes ◽  
John M. Barry ◽  
Malcolm Kell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Core Needle Biopsy ◽  
Needle Biopsy ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Screening Mammography ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Epithelial Proliferation ◽  
Core Needle ◽  
In Situ Carcinoma ◽  
Increased Risk

INTRODUCTION: Atypical intraductal epithelial proliferation (AIDEP) is a breast lesion categorised as “indeterminate” if identified on core needle biopsy (CNB). The rate at which these lesions are upgraded following diagnostic excision varies in the literature. Women diagnosed with AIDEP are thought to be at increased risk of breast cancer. Our aim was to identify the rate of upgrade to invasive or in situ carcinoma in a group of patients diagnosed with AIDEP on screening mammography and to quantify their risk of subsequent breast cancer. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database containing all patients diagnosed with AIDEP on CNB between 2005 and 2012 in an Irish breast screening centre. Basic demographic data was collected along with details of the original CNB result, rate of upgrade to carcinoma and details of any subsequent cancer diagnoses. RESULTS: In total 113 patients were diagnosed with AIDEP on CNB during the study period. The upgrade rate on diagnostic excision was 28.3% (n = 32). 6.2% (n = 7) were upgraded to invasive cancer and 22.1% (n = 25) to DCIS. 81 patients were not upgraded on diagnostic excision and were offered 5 years of annual mammographic surveillance. 9.88% (8/81) of these patients went on to receive a subsequent diagnosis of malignancy. The mean time to diagnosis of these subsequent cancers was 65.41 months (range 20.18–145.21). CONCLUSION: Our data showing an upgrade rate of 28% to carcinoma reflects recently published data and we believe it supports the continued practice of excising AIDEP to exclude co-existing carcinoma.

Tildrakizumab Inadequate Responders Switching to an Alternative IL-23 Inhibitor: A Case Series

2021 ◽  
pp. 247553032110373
Author(s):  
Eingun James Song ◽  
Audrey Jia Shin Wong
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Expert Opinion ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Inadequate Response ◽  
Limited Time ◽  
Case Description ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Inadequate Responders

Background: Biologic switching is not uncommon in the treatment of psoriasis and is most often due to inadequate response of adverse events. Staying within or switching out of the class is still based on expert opinion but there are published data on intra-class switching with TNF-alpha and IL-17 inhibitors. Less is known about the IL-23 inhibitors because of their limited time in the market. We would like to present our experience with inadequate responders to tildrakizumab, a selective IL23 inhibitor, who were switched to an alternative IL-23 inhibitor. Case Description: This is a case series of 6 patients at a single institution considered inadequate responders to tildrakizumab, which included primary failures, secondary failures, and intermediate responders, who were subsequently switched to another IL-23 inhibitor. Conclusion: All 6 patients who were inadequate responders to tildrakizumab showed significant improvement after switching to another IL-23 inhibitor, with 5/6 reaching IGA 0/1 after 16 weeks of treatment.

scholarly journals High-dose intravenous methotrexate in the management of breast cancer with leptomeningeal disease: Case series and review of the literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 189-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan T. Kapke ◽  
Robert J. Schneidewend ◽  
Zeeshan A. Jawa ◽  
Chiang-Ching Huang ◽  
Jennifer M. Connelly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Leptomeningeal Disease ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Disease Case

Breast Cancer in Transgender Veterans: A Ten-Case Series

LGBT Health ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
George R. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Case Series
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