scholarly journals Optimization of energy savings in shoe sole production

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Ivana Špelić ◽  
Alka Mihelić-Bogdanić ◽  
Rajka Budin
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Thermal Pollution ◽  
Flue Gases ◽  
Fuel Savings ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Process Condensate ◽  
Shoe Soles

Since 1970’s, the most popular shoe soles are (EVA) soles, made from Ethylene Vinyl Acetate, copolymer consisting of ethylene and vinyl acetate. The thermosets and elastomers (rubbers), among them accounting EVA, encompasses around 30% of the tonnage of all synthetic polymers produced, with the synthetic rubbers exceeding the tonnage of natural rubber. With that in mind, the energy savings in rubber processing plants are of great importance and the paper analyses the potential of energy savings in shoe soles production process made of Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA). The shoe soles made from EVA are lightweight, easy to mould, water and moisture resistant, highly elastic, shock absorbent, great thermal insulators, highly durable, etc. The energy savings using the process return condensate in shoe sole production process are presented. Using the return condensate results in lower make up water consumption, substantial fuel savings needed to produce steam
and lower chemical consumption. Returning hot process condensate to the boiler results in oil savings of 14,9%. Also, the thermal pollution is reduced by 95,3%, while the volume of the flue gases is lowered from 17,11 m3FG/kgNEC to 14,57 m3FG/kgNEC or by 14,8%. Such a system enables both the oil savings and reduces the thermal pollution. The comparison of process with and without flue gases heat recovery shows fuel savings of 18,76%, while the temperature reduces from 221°C to 137,39°C and while the volume of the flue gases is lowered to 13,90 m3FG/ kgP.

COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF ETHYLENE VINYL ACETATE FILMS WITH VARIOUS SILICATE NANOCOMPOSITES

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (04) ◽  
pp. 1803-1809
Author(s):  
A. Kaviarasi ◽  
M.V.L. Kumari ◽  
A.R. Prabakaran ◽  
A. Anandavadivel
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Silicate Nanocomposites

Study of Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) Films used in Photovoltaic Modules

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 05043-1-05043-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul Kumar ◽  
◽  
Shashwata Chattopadhyay ◽  
Chetan Singh Solanki ◽  
Sarita Zele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules

scholarly journals Wastes from Agricultural Silage Film Recycling Line as a Potential Polymer Materials

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1383
Author(s):  
Jerzy Korol ◽  
Aleksander Hejna ◽  
Klaudiusz Wypiór ◽  
Krzysztof Mijalski ◽  
Ewelina Chmielnicka
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Crystallinity Degree

The recycling of plastics is currently one of the most significant industrial challenges. Due to the enormous amounts of plastic wastes generated by various industry branches, it is essential to look for potential methods for their utilization. In the presented work, we investigated the recycling potential of wastes originated from the agricultural films recycling line. Their structure and properties were analyzed, and they were modified with 2.5 wt % of commercially available compatibilizers. The mechanical and thermal performance of modified wastes were evaluated by tensile tests, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. It was found that incorporation of such a small amount of modifiers may overcome the drawbacks caused by the presence of impurities. The incorporation of maleic anhydride-grafted compounds enhanced the tensile strength of wastes by 13–25%. The use of more ductile compatibilizers—ethylene-vinyl acetate and paraffin increased the elongation at break by 55–64%. The presence of compatibilizers also reduced the stiffness of materials resulting from the presence of solid particles. It was particularly emphasized for styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, which caused up to a 20% drop of Young’s modulus. Such effects may facilitate the further applications of analyzed wastes, e.g., in polymer film production. Thermal performance was only slightly affected by compatibilization. It caused a slight reduction in polyethylene melting temperatures (up to 2.8 °C) and crystallinity degree (up to 16%). For more contaminated materials, the addition of compatibilizers caused a minor reduction in the decomposition onset (up to 6 °C). At the same time, for the waste after three washing cycles, thermal stability was improved. Moreover, depending on the desired properties and application, materials do not have to go through the whole recycling line, simplifying the process, reducing energy and water consumption. The presented results indicate that it is possible to efficiently use the materials, which do not have to undergo the whole recycling process. Despite the presence of impurities, they could be applied in the manufacturing of products which do not require exceptional mechanical performance.

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