Protein Supplementation for the Prevention and Management of Sarcopenia in the Elderly

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-84
Author(s):  
Na Li ◽  
Jia Jia Wang ◽  
Zong Liang Lu ◽  
Ming Xing Zhu ◽  
Hong Xia Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Protein Supplementation

Muscle protein turnover in the elderly and its potential contribution to the development of sarcopenia

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Murton
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Anabolic Response ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Anabolic Resistance

The underlying aetiology of sarcopenia appears multifaceted and not yet fully defined, but ultimately involves the gradual loss of muscle protein content over time. The present evidence suggests that the loss of lean tissue in the elderly is exacerbated by low dietary protein intake. Moreover, acute stable-isotope-based methodologies have demonstrated that the muscle anabolic response to a given amount of protein may decline with age, a phenomenon that has been termed anabolic resistance. Although the mechanism responsible for the inability of muscle to mount a satisfactory anabolic response to protein provision with increasing age is presently unknown, it does not appear due to impaired digestion or absorption of dietary protein. Rather, the issue could reside with any combination of: a diminished delivery of amino acids to peripheral tissues, impaired uptake of amino acids into muscle cells, or an inability of amino acids to elicit intracellular events pivotal for anabolism to occur. Despite the presence of anabolic resistance to dietary protein, present evidence suggests that protein supplementation may be able to overcome these issues, particularly when combined with resistance exercise programmes. As such, protein supplementation may prove to be an effective approach to delay the loss of muscle mass with age and has led to calls for the recommended daily intake of protein to be increased for the elderly population.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Sarcopenia in the Elderly: How the Consumption of Protein Supplement Interacts in Individuals of a Fortaleza Institution

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Caroline Mesquita da Cruz ◽  
Ivanira Maria Moreira Holanda ◽  
Marco Antonio Pessoa Noronha ◽  
Marcos Paulo Mesquita da Cruz ◽  
Raimunda Marcia Cristina Alves da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Inducing Factors

Introduction: Sarcopenia is a natural disturb that usually affects older people consisting in strength and muscle mass loss. Sedentary lifestyle and nutritional habits are some inducing factors. Supplementation may contribute to improvements on life quality in elders predisposed to sarcopenia. Objectives: verify the relevance of protein supplementation on life quality of elders predisposed to sarcopenia. Assess the individual's evolution along the study. Methods: protein supplementation application during 45 days on 13 elders, comparing them with 13 elders in control group without supplementation. Anthropometric measurements were performed before and after the 45 days period and evaluated for each participant, as well as their nutrition, individually. Results: We observed a improvement in some anthropometric measures, and a reduction in others, that might be explained by previous pathologies already diagnosed. Muscle mass changes were positive, according with specific reference measures. Some elders reported motor strength improvements, disposition and energy. Physical active participants showed more significant results and sedentary ones. Conclusion: positive outcomes were obtained from protein supplementation in older people, and more correlated studies are still necessary, considering the field's relevancy to longevity and overall life quality.

scholarly journals The Effects of Cow-Milk Protein Supplementation in Elderly Population: Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2548
Author(s):  
Barbara Zanini ◽  
Anna Simonetto ◽  
Matilde Zubani ◽  
Maurizio Castellano ◽  
Gianni Gilioli
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Positive Effects

Background. To review currently available evidence on the effect of cow-milk proteins supplementation (CPS) on health in the elderly. Methods. Five electronic databases (Pubmed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov) were searched for studies about CPS among older people. All types of publications were included, with the exception of systematic reviews, meta-analyses, opinion letters, editorials, case reports, conference abstracts and comments. An additional search in Google Scholar and a manual review of the reference lists were performed. Results. Overall, 103 studies were included. Several studies explored the role of CPS in the preservation or improvement of muscle mass among healthy subjects (40 studies) and pre-frail, frail or sarcopenic patients (14), with evidence of beneficial effects. Other studies assessed the effect of CPS on bones (12), cardiovascular disease (8), inflamm-aging (7), chronic pulmonary disease (4), neurocognitive function (4), and vaccines (2), with weak evidence of positive effects. Seven studies in the field of protein metabolism investigated the role of CPS as an important contributor to nutritional needs. Other investigational areas are considered in the last five studies. Conclusions. The beneficial effects of CPS in achieving aged-related nutritional goals, in preserving muscle mass and in recovering after hospitalization may be particularly relevant in the elderly.

Timing of creatine or protein supplementation and resistance training in the elderly

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 184-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren G. Candow ◽  
Philip D. Chilibeck
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Creatine Supplementation ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Fiber Number

Muscle loss with age has a negative effect on strength and functional independence. Age-related loss of muscle is the result of decreased muscle fiber number and size, which are functions of altered hormonal status, physical inactivity, and variations in nutritional intake. Resistance training has a positive effect on muscle mass and strength in the elderly. Studies of protein or creatine supplementation for increasing muscle mass and strength in older individuals are equivocal. The timing of nutritional supplementation may be more important than the absolute daily intake of supplements. Protein or creatine ingestion proximate to resistance-training sessions may be more beneficial for increasing muscle mass and strength than ingestion of protein or creatine at other times of the day, possibly because of increased blood flow and therefore increased transport of amino acids and creatine to skeletal muscle.

Dietary protein supplementation in the elderly for limiting muscle mass loss

Amino Acids ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Herbert Lancha ◽  
Rudyard Zanella ◽  
Stefan Gleissner Ohara Tanabe ◽  
Mireille Andriamihaja ◽  
Francois Blachier
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Muscle Mass Loss

Protein Supplementation during Resistance-Type Exercise Training in the Elderly

2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 542-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIKA LEENDERS ◽  
LEX B. VERDIJK ◽  
LETTY VAN DER HOEVEN ◽  
JANNEAU VAN KRANENBURG ◽  
RACHEL NILWIK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Protein Supplementation

Protein Intake and Bone Health

2011 ◽  
Vol 81 (23) ◽  
pp. 134-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Philippe Bonjour
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Fragility Fractures ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
High Protein Intake

Adequate nutrition plays an important role in the development and maintenance of bone structures resistant to usual mechanical stresses. In addition to calcium in the presence of an adequate supply of vitamin D, dietary proteins represent key nutrients for bone health and thereby function in the prevention of osteoporosis. Several studies point to a positive effect of high protein intake on bone mineral density or content. This fact is associated with a significant reduction in hip fracture incidence, as recorded in a large prospective study carried out in a homogeneous cohort of postmenopausal women. Low protein intake (< 0.8 g/kg body weight/day) is often observed in patients with hip fractures and an intervention study indicates that following orthopedic management, protein supplementation attenuates post-fracture bone loss, tends to increase muscle strength, and reduces medical complications and rehabilitation hospital stay. There is no evidence that high protein intake per se would be detrimental for bone mass and strength. Nevertheless, it appears reasonable to avoid very high protein diets (i. e. more than 2.0 g/kg body weight/day) when associated with low calcium intake (i. e. less than 600 mg/day). In the elderly, taking into account the attenuated anabolic response to dietary protein with ageing, there is concern that the current dietary protein recommended allowance (RDA), as set at 0.8 g/kg body weight/day, might be too low for the primary and secondary prevention of fragility fractures.

Cell surface changes during aging of human bladder epithelium examined by lectin probes and SEM

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 966-967
Author(s):  
J. Jacob ◽  
M.F.M. Ismail
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Pokeweed Mitogen ◽  
Asymmetric Structure ◽  
Luminal Surface ◽  
Bladder Epithelium ◽  
Aldehyde Groups ◽  
Cell Surface Changes ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline ◽  
Surface Changes

Ultrastructural changes have been shown to occur in the urinary bladder epithelium (urothelium) during the life span of humans. With increasing age, the luminal surface becomes more flexible and develops simple microvilli-like processes. Furthermore, the specialised asymmetric structure of the luminal plasma membrane is relatively more prominent in the young than in the elderly. The nature of the changes at the luminal surface is now explored by lectin-mediated adsorption visualised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).Samples of young adult (21-31 y old) and elderly (58-82 y old) urothelia were fixed in buffered 2% glutaraldehyde for 10 m and washed with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) containing Ca++ and Mg++ at room temperature. They were incubated overnight at 4°C in 0.1 M ammonium chloride in PBS to block any remaining aldehyde groups. The samples were then allowed to stand in PBS at 37°C for 2 h before incubation at 37°C for 30 m with lectins. The lectins used were concanavalin A (Con A), wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) at a concentration of 500 mg/ml in PBS at pH 7.A.

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