scholarly journals Side effects of methotrexate therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. e38-e38
Author(s):  
Maryam Masoumi ◽  
Javad Balasi ◽  
Seyed Mahdi Aghamiri ◽  
Soroush Moradi ◽  
Mahbube Baghban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Methotrexate Therapy ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Physical Damage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rheumatoid Arthritis Severity ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Methotrexate is widely used as the most common disease-modifying anti-rheumatoid drug (DMARD) and is known as the first line treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Objectives: To assess the side effects of methotrexate in Iranian patients with RA and to compare them with the known side effects from previous studies. Patients and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 300 patients who fulfilled the EULAR 2010 criteria of RA. The following data were recruited from patients’ profiles; age, body mass index (BMI), duration of treatment with methotrexate, initiating dose, maximum dose and current dose of methotrexate, history of fatty liver disease or hepatitis B and concomitant use of sulfasalazine, leflunomide or hydroxychloroquine. Results: In 149 out of 300 patients (49.66%), Methotrexate therapy was stopped or tapered due to side effects including nausea (23%), flu-like symptoms (8%), hepatotoxicity (12%) and hair loss (6%). The patients with hepatotoxicity had a higher duration of treatment with methotrexate (10.35 compared with 5.83; P<0.001) and also the higher initiating dose of methotrexate (12.91 compared with 12.17; P=0.010). All of the RASS (rheumatoid arthritis severity scale) indexes including disease activity, functional impairment, and physical damage are related to the presence of hepatotoxicity (P<0.001). Conclusion: Methotrexate is an excellent and effective agent for the treatment of RA and its potential side effects during the treatment are dependent on the methotrexate dosage, the level of anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) and anti-MCV antibodies and concomitant use of other drugs such as leflunomide.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors of Bovine Mastitis in Southern Zone of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Adehanom Baraki ◽  
Teshale Teklue ◽  
Tesfay Atsbha ◽  
Temesgen Tesfay ◽  
Solomon Wayou
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Southern Zone ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
History Of

Mastitis is the most common disease of adult dairy cattle. The disease continues to be one of the most perplexing and costly diseases of dairy cattle. The present study was conducted to detect bovine mastitis cows and identify potential risk factors for the distribution of bovine mastitis of smallholder dairy farmers using the California mastitis test. A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2013 to May 2015 in the southern zone of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia, on 146 head of randomly selected cattle, of which 99 (67.8%) were crossed zebu and 47 (32.2%) pure local zebu using the California mastitis test and questionnaire. The overall prevalence was 65 (45.5%), of which 72.3% of crossed local and 27.69% of local zebu were found positive for the CMT test. The investigated risk factors were the season of lactation (OR = 0.510, CI = 0.208–1.247, P = 0.140 ), washing hands between consecutive milking events (OR = 0.354, CI = 0.146–0.856, P = 0.021 ), and history of previous mastitis (OR = 0.441, CI = 0.226–0.858, P = 0.016 ), which had significant ( P < 0.05 ) effect on the present prevalence of bovine mastitis in the study area. A high prevalence of bovine mastitis was observed in the southern zone of Tigray. The summer season of lactation and not washing hands between consecutive milking of cows were significant mastitis causation risk factors in addition to the history of previous mastitis disease history.

scholarly journals Pulmonary Function Tests and Their Associated Factors in HIV-infected Patients at Jimma Medical Center; Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muluken Teshome ◽  
Teshome Gobena ◽  
Misganaw Asmamaw ◽  
Elias Mulat
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Retroviral Infection ◽  
Function Test ◽  
History Of

Abstract BackgroundHIV-infected persons have a greater risk of developing respiratory disorders. Poor socio-economic status, High viral load, low CD4 counts, and anti-retroviral therapy are linked with the problems. Despite its high prevalence the association between retroviral infection and pulmonary function status as well as their associated factors has not yet well established in resource-scarce countries in general and study setting in particularMethodsA comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from September 24 to October 15 of 2020 at Jimma Medical Center among HIV-positive patients and matched control group. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire administered via face-to-face interview. The collected data included Socio-demographic, respiratory, retroviral infection, and substance use related. Pulmonary function tests were also conducted using SP10 spirometer. Collected data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 26. Independent t-test and multiple linear regressions were carried out to identify factors independently associated with the pulmonary function status of the study participants while controlling for potential confounders.ResultsOne hundred ninety two HIV-positive patients and matched control individuals participated in the study. A mean pulmonary function test parameters among HIV-infected participants were FVC (l) (2.957±0.792, p0.006), FEV (l) (2.289±0.593, p<0.001), and PEFR (l) (4.258±2.039, p<0.001) with a significant declined in the group. Respiratory symptom, history of pulmonary TB, duration of living with RVI, duration of treatment, and current CD4 cell count were significant predictors of pulmonary function test indices(p<0.05) in HIV infected respondents.ConclusionA significant reduction in mean pulmonary function parameters were observed among HIV-positive participants in comparison to non-RVI participants. A strong association was observed between pulmonary function status of HIV-infected patients and current CD4 count, duration of living with RVI, duration of treatment, and history of PTB. Therefore, due consideration in screening, diagnosing, and managing noninfectious lung diseases should be given by health professionals while treating HIV-infected patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Antipsychotic Polypharmacy and Associated Factors among Outpatients with Schizophrenia Attending Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siranesh Tesfaye ◽  
Nigussie Debencho ◽  
Teresa Kisi ◽  
Minale Tareke
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitalization ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Drug Adverse Effects

Background.Despite recommendations by guidelines to avoid combinations of antipsychotics unless after multiple trials of antipsychotic monotherapy, it is quite a common practice to use combinations. This practice leads to unnecessary expenses and exposes the patient to severe drug adverse effects.Methods. An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to May 2014. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select 423 study subjects. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify associated factors of antipsychotic polypharmacy among schizophrenia outpatients.Result. The overall prevalence of antipsychotic polypharmacy was found to be 28.2%. Extra pyramidal side effects (AOR = 2.80; 95% CI: 1.38, 5.71), repeated psychiatric hospitalization (AOR = 2.83; 95% CI: 1.45, 5.50), history of substance use (AOR = 2.82; 95% CI: 1.36, 5.88), longer duration of treatment (AOR = 2.10; 95% CI: 1.14, 3.87), and drug nonadherence (AOR = 1.84; 95% CI: 1.14, 2.98) were found to be significantly associated with antipsychotic polypharmacy.Conclusion. Prevalence of antipsychotic polypharmacy was found to be high among the current study participants. Individuals who had extra pyramidal side effects, admission, substance use, duration of treatment, and drug nonadherence were associated with antipsychotic polypharmacy.

scholarly journals Association between previous rheumatoid arthritis and COVID-19 and its severity: a nationwide cohort study in South Korea

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e054753
Author(s):  
Younghee Jung ◽  
Mihye Kwon ◽  
Hyo Geun Choi
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Diagnostic Code ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
International Classification Of Disease ◽  
Laboratory Confirmation ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control

ObjectivesThe prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) among patients with COVID-19 and the association between RA and the outcome of COVID-19 remain unclear. We aimed to compare the prevalence of RA between participants with and without COVID-19; we then analysed the association between the presence of RA and the severity of COVID-19.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingData from a nationwide COVID-19 cohort database by the Korea National Health Insurance Corporation were used.Participants and interventionsA total of 8070 patients with COVID-19 (1 January 2020 through 4 June 2020) were matched with 32 280 control participants with regard to age, sex and income. Patients with COVID-19 were confirmed by SARS-CoV-2 PCR and controls were collected from the database. RA was confirmed using the diagnostic code (International Classification of Disease, Tenth Revision) and medication claim codes. Conditional/unconditional logistic regression was applied to analyse the association between RA and COVID-19.Primary outcome and secondary outcomeLaboratory confirmation of SARS-CoV-2 infection was defined as the primary outcome. The secondary outcome was severe COVID-19 defined as a history of intensive care unit admission, invasive ventilation or death.ResultsThe prevalence of RA in the COVID-19 (0.4%, 35/8070) and control (0.4%, 121/32,280) groups did not differ (p=0.446). After adjusting for underlying diseases, no association between RA and COVID-19 was observed (adjusted OR=1.14, 95% CI: 0.78 to 1.67) and COVID-19 severity was not associated with RA (adjusted OR=0.62, 95% CI: 0.14 to 7.29). The overall mortality rate was 2.9% (237/8070) and RA was not significantly associated with mortality (adjusted OR=1.64, 95% CI: 0.33 to 8.15).ConclusionWe did not find an association between the presence of RA and COVID-19. In addition, RA was not associated with the severity of COVID-19.

Frequency of Tooth Wear amongst Adult Population Suffering from Diabetes Mellitus visiting Dental T. Hospital in Mardan

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3448-3449
Author(s):  
Umar Nasir ◽  
Ariffullah Khan ◽  
Haseeb Ahmad ◽  
Maryum Bibi ◽  
Maheen Anis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Tooth Wear ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

Objective: To conclude the frequency of tooth wear in permanent dentition of adults suffering from diabetes mellitus. Study Design: Cross-Sectional study Place and Duration of Study: Dental OPD of Bacha Khan College of Dentistry from 1st January 2021 to 30th June 2021. Methodology: Three hundred known diabetic patients who gave positive history of diabetes mellitus were randomly selected. Knowledgeable consent was attained from all subjects. Patients were clinically examined for tooth wear: erosion, attrition, abfraction and abrasion. Results: There were 166 (55%) males and 134 (45%) female patients respectively. The prevalence of tooth wear among diabetic individuals was as high as 62%. Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus is common disease in adult population and it cruelly impacts the oral health of an individual. Tooth wear is common finding in diabetic patients due to xerostomia. When patient is diagnosed as diabetic, the dentist should instruct the patient about the importance of hygiene care and risk of tooth wear and should carry out screening for tooth surface loss as a part of their routine dental examination in diabetic patients. Key Words: Tooth wear, Diabetes mellitus, Xerostomia, Attrition, Abrasion, Abfraction, Erosion

scholarly journals Side effects of messenger RNA vaccines and prior history of COVID-19, a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renuka Ananth Kalyan Kadali ◽  
Ravali Janagama ◽  
Siva H. Yedlapati ◽  
Neelakanta Kanike ◽  
Viswanath Gajula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

The Relationship between Opium Use and Coronavirus Infection, A Brief Research Report from Iran

Coronaviruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi Khoshab ◽  
Mohammadreza Rajabalipour
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Preventive Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Opium Use

Background: The outbreak of Coronavirus is a global health threat and it has a lot of respiratory side effects. Method: In this cross-sectional study, the relationship between opium use history and risk of Coronavirus infection was investigated. Results: Results showed that none of the infected patients with Coronavirus had a history of opium use. Conclusion: It can be concluded that opium use may has a preventive effect on infecting with Coronavirus.

Suicidal Ideation Among Medical Students in Dammam, Saudi Arabia

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Mohammed Madadin ◽  
Ritesh G. Menezes ◽  
Maha A. Alassaf ◽  
Abdulaziz M. Almulhim ◽  
Mahdi S. Abumadini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Eastern Province ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Depression Subscale ◽  
History Of

Abstract. Background: Medical students are at high risk of suicidal ideation. Aim: We aimed to obtain information on suicidal ideation among medical students in Dammam located in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the College of Medicine affiliated with Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Suicidal ideation in the past 12 months was assessed based on responses to four questions in the depression subscale of the General Health Questionnaire 28 (GHQ-28). In addition, data were collected to examine the association of suicidal ideation with various factors. Results: We found that 1 in 3 medical students in the study had suicidal ideation in the past 12 months, while around 40% had lifetime suicidal ideation. Suicidal ideation was associated with feelings of parental neglect, history of physical abuse, and dissatisfaction with academic performance. Limitations: The cross-sectional nature of this study limits its ability to determine causality regarding suicidal ideation. Conclusion: These rates are considerably high when compared with rates from studies in other countries around the world. This study provides a reference in the field of suicidology for this region of Saudi Arabia.

Side Effects of Chemotherapy and Cancer Treatment in Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-78
Author(s):  
. Hemraj ◽  
Raj Kumar ◽  
Sourabh Kosey ◽  
Amit Sharma ◽  
Nalini Negi
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Informational Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Pharmacists ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Related Information ◽  
The Common ◽  
Chemotherapy Patients

To determine the most common physical side effects experienced by local chemotherapy patients. Their perceptions of these side effects and informational needs from clinical pharmacists were also evaluated. This was a single center, observational cross-sectional study conducted at department of General Surgery, Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Faridkot, Punjab. A face to face interview was conducted. Information collected included chemotherapy related side effects after last chemotherapy experience, the most worrisome side effects, overlooked by healthcare professionals and the preferred method, amount and source of receiving related information. In this study, hundred patients were enrolled out of them 48 were male and 52 were female. When differential calculations was done, common side effects or adverse effects of chemotherapy in the patients of breast, lung cancer, Ovarian Cancer, Colon cancer, Prostate cancer, Lymphoma Cancer, Cervix cancer where there is much irregular medicine intake 57.4% may be due to common problem of joint pain reported by all the patients under study, with the consecutive problem of nausea and vomiting. The high prevalence of chemotherapy related side effects among local patients is a major concern and findings of their perceptions and informational needs may serve as a valuable guide for clinical pharmacists and physicians to help in side effect management. This study shows the common problems reported by the patients when they are suffering from cancer condition, according to their incidence perceptions as experienced by the patient, this will allow the physician and clinical pharmacist to effectively counsel and manage the common symptoms as reported prior to its occurrence in the patient, so that withdrawal can be checked.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document