scholarly journals Distribution of Pathogenicity Islands Among Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Isolates From Patients With Urinary Tract Infections

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
Ehsan Asadi ◽  
Mohammad Mohammadzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Niakan
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pathogenicity Islands ◽  
Virulence Determinants ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Virulence Markers ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is one of the most common etiologic agent of urinary tract infection (UTI). The ability of Escherichia coli to cause UTI is associated with specific virulence determinants, which are encoded by pathogenicity islands (PAIs). Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the distribution of PAIs among the UPEC isolates collected from patients with UTIs. Materials and Methods: In this study, a total of 100 E. coli isolates were collected from patients with UTIs using standard microbiological methods. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for the identification of the main PAIs of UPEC according to insertion sites and virulence markers. Results: In total, PAI IV536, PAI III536, PAI I536, PAI, IICFT073, PAI ICFT073, PAI IIJ96, PAI II536, and PAI IJ96 were detected in 23, 22, 17, 17, 13, 11, 11, and 8% of isolates. PAI combinations were identified in 15% of isolates. Conclusion: The results showed that PAIs of UPEC are not strain-specific and some strains can carry the PAIs associated with the prototype strains of UPEC simultaneously.

scholarly journals Characterization of Anti-Bacterial Effect of the Two New Phages against Uropathogenic Escherichia coli

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1348
Author(s):  
Lívia Slobodníková ◽  
Barbora Markusková ◽  
Michal Kajsík ◽  
Michal Andrezál ◽  
Marek Straka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Phage Cocktail ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Tract Infections

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the events that most frequently need medical intervention. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli are frequently their causative agents and the infections are sometimes complicated by the presence of polyresistant nosocomial strains. Phage therapy is a tool that has good prospects for the treatment of these infections. In the present study, we isolated and characterized two bacteriophages with broad host specificity against a panel of local uropathogenic E. coli strains and combined them into a phage cocktail. According to genome sequencing, these phages were closely related and belonged to the Tequatrovirus genus. The newly isolated phages showed very good activity on a panel of local clinical E. coli strains from urinary tract infections. In the form of a two-phage cocktail, they were active on E. coli strains belonging to phylogroups B2 and D, with relatively lower activity in B1 and no response in phylogroup A. Our study is a preliminary step toward the establishment of a national phage bank containing local, well-characterized phages with therapeutic potential for patients in Slovakia.

Viability and survival capability of quinolone-resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 827-830
Author(s):  
Georgi Slavchev ◽  
Nadya Markova
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Expression System ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Serum Bactericidal Assay ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Macrophage Killing

AbstractUropathogenic strains of E. coli isolated from urine of patients with urinary tract infections were tested for antibiotic sensitivity using bio-Merieux kits and ATB-UR 5 expression system. The virulence of strains was evaluated by serum bactericidal assay, macrophage “killing” and bacterial adhesive tests. Survival capability of strains was assessed under starvation in saline. The results showed that quinolone-resistant uropathogenic strains of E. coli exhibit significantly reduced adhesive potential but relatively high resistance to serum and macrophage bactericidity. In contrast to laboratory strains, the quinolone-resistant uropathogenic clinical isolate demonstrated increased viability during starvation in saline. Our study suggests that quinolone-resistant uropathogenic strains are highly adaptable clones of E. coli, which can exhibit compensatory viability potential under unfavorable conditions. The clinical occurrence of such phenotypes is likely to contribute to the survival, persistence and spread strategy of resistant bacteria.

scholarly journals An Approach to Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli in Urinary Tract Infections

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 070-073 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Prabhat Ranjan ◽  
Neelima Ranjan ◽  
Arindam Chakraborty ◽  
D R Arora
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Virulence Markers ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACT Purpose: To study the occurrence and characterization of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) in cases with urinary tract infections. Materials and Methods: A total of 220 symptomatic cases from urinary tract infections and 50 stool samples from apparently healthy individuals were included. The colonies identified as Escherichia coli were screened for virulence factors, that is, hemolysin, Mannose Resistant and Mannose Sensitive Hemagglutination (MRHA, MSHA), Cell surface hydrophobicity, and Serum resistance. Results: Among the 220 cases 91 (41.36%) were hemolytic, 68 (30.90%) showed MRHA, 58 (26.36%) were cell surface hydrophobicity positive, and 72 (32.72%) were serum-resistant. In 50 controls, three (6%) were hemolytic, six (12%) showed MRHA, nine (18%) showed cell surface hydrophobicity, and 12 (24%) were serum-resistant. The difference between cases and controls for hemolysis and MRHA were significant (P<0.001 and P<0.01, respectively). A total of 14 atypical E. coli were isolated from the urine and all showed the presence of one or the other virulence markers. Out of the 18 mucoid E.coli isolated, 10 were serum-resistant. Conclusions: The present study revealed that out of 220 urinary isolates, 151 could be labeled as UPEC.

scholarly journals Drug resistance and plasmid profile of uropathogenic Escherichia coli among urinary tract infection patients in Addis Abeba

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (08) ◽  
pp. 608-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belayneh Regasa Dadi ◽  
Tamrat Abebe ◽  
Lixin Zhang ◽  
Adane Mihret ◽  
Workeabeba Abebe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Plasmid Profile ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Plasmid Analysis ◽  
Escherichia Coli Bacteria ◽  
Tract Infections

Introduction: Urinary tract infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli bacteria are the most common cause of urinary tract infections. Drug resistant Escherichia coli is results in high levels of treatment failure and can be a significant threat to survival of patients. Methodology: Escherichia coli bacteria were isolated using culture and conventional biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and plasmid profile were performed using the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method and plasmid analysis. Data was processed with SPSS version 16.0 and Epi-info version 3.4.1 software. Results: The highest proportion of Escherichia coli isolates was resistant to (86.5%) to ampicillin, followed by ceftazidime (84%), ceftriaxone (80.5%), tetracycline (80%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (68.5%) and cefotaxime (66%). Escherichia coli isolates were most susceptible to meropenem (100%), imipenem (100%), amikacin (97.5%), nitrofurantoin (95%), ciprofloxacin (85.5%), norfloxacin (85%), chloramphenicol (83.5%), gentamycin (80%) and nalidixic acid (79%). Multidrug resistance (MDR) was observed in most (96.5%) E. coli isolates. Plasmid analysis revealed the presence of plasmid(s) in 165 (82.5%) of the E. coli isolates many of which had a plasmid size of 23 kb. Conclusions: The overall incidence of antibiotic resistance (including MDR) among E. coli in this study was high to commonly used antibiotics, but no drug resistance to meropenem and imipenem was observed. Periodic monitoring of the drug resistance pattern is essential for better management of urinary tract infections, which has direct impact on the outcome of the patient.

scholarly journals Molecular Detection of Ampicillin Resistant Genes in E. coli Isolates from ‎Dogs in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
M. Mustapha ◽  
P. Goel ◽  
V. K. Jain
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Ampicillin Resistance ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity Test

The most common cause of urinary tract infection in dogs is uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). This condition often presents with vaginal discharge, dribbling of urine, straining or vocalization while urinating due to pain. Furthermore, the following signs are also noticeable: hematuria, lethargy, proteinuria, dysuria, cystitis, and oliguria. The aim of this research was to investigate the genes of ampicillin resistance in E. coli isolates from dogs with urinary tract infections. Out of 103 urine samples cultured (Blood agar, MacConkey’s lactose agar and Eosin methylene blue agar), 24.3% were positive for uropathogenic Escherichia coli. The positive isolates were further subjected to antimicrobial sensitivity test and PCR analysis. All the uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates were resistant to ampicillin while 96% were resistant to Cloxacillin and Oxytetracycline.  Susceptibility to Meropenem, Gentamicin and Amikacin were 64 %, 44 % and 40% respectively. All the 25 strains of the E. coli were identified to be resistant to two or more antibiotics. The PCR result showed the presence of blaAMPC in all the samples and 60 % had blaTEM genes responsible for ampicillin resistance. However, none of the isolates were positive for the blaSHV gene.The presence of the blaAMPC and blaTEM genes in the dogs studied resulted in ampicillin resistance, with blaAMPC being the most commonly detected ampicillin gene in Escherichia coli in the study area. Meropenem was also found to be a good choice for treating uropathogenic E. coli infection in dogs.

scholarly journals Involvement of biofilm-like in tracellular bacterial communities of uropathogenic Escherichia coli in pathogenesis of urinary tract infections – a mini review

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-325
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Etiologic Agents ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Intracellular Bacterial Communities

This paper presents a precisely defined question about the role of the biofilm-like intracellular bacterial communities in pathogenesis of the urinary tract infections. According to the recent literature, uropathogenic Escherichia coli is one of the leading etiologic agents of the urinary tract infections. Although E. coli is regarded as an extracellular pathogen, some experiments have revealed a multi-step infection cycle, which involves adhesion, invasion, proliferation within invaded urothelial cell in the form of biofilm-like intracellular bacterial communities and dispersal, leading to infection of next neighbouring cells. Therefore, the prevention and treatment of the urinary tract infections must include intracellular stage of infection.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequences of Four Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Serotype O4:H5 Isolates (ATCC 700414, 700415, 700416, and 700417)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aixia Xu ◽  
Sarah Hertrich ◽  
David S. Needleman ◽  
Shiowshuh Sheen ◽  
Christopher Sommers
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT Uropathogenic Escherichia coli serotype O4:H5 isolates (ATCC 700414, 700415, 700416, and 700417) were recovered from women with first-time urinary tract infections. Here, we report the draft genome sequences for these four E. coli isolates, which are currently being used to validate food safety processing technologies.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Susceptibility and Molecular Characterization of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Associated with Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections in Urban and Rural Settings in South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Purity Z. Kubone ◽  
Koleka P. Mlisana ◽  
Usha Govinden ◽  
Akebe Luther King Abia ◽  
Sabiha Y. Essack
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections

We investigated the phenotypic and genotypic antibiotic resistance, and clonality of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) implicated in community-acquired urinary tract infections (CA-UTIs) in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Mid-stream urine samples (n = 143) were cultured on selective media. Isolates were identified using the API 20E kit and their susceptibility to 17 antibiotics tested using the disk diffusion method. Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) were detected using ROSCO kits. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect uropathogenic E. coli (targeting the papC gene), and β-lactam (blaTEM/blaSHV-like and blaCTX-M) and fluoroquinolone (qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, gyrA, parC, aac(6’)-Ib-cr, and qepA) resistance genes. Clonality was ascertained using ERIC-PCR. The prevalence of UTIs of Gram-negative etiology among adults 18–60 years of age in the uMgungundlovu District was 19.6%. Twenty-six E. coli isolates were obtained from 28 positive UTI samples. All E. coli isolates were papC-positive. The highest resistance was to ampicillin (76.9%) and the lowest (7.7%) to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and gentamycin. Four isolates were multidrug-resistant and three were ESBL-positive, all being CTX-M-positive but SHV-negative. The aac(6’)-Ib-cr and gyrA were the most detected fluoroquinolone resistance genes (75%). Isolates were clonally distinct, suggesting the spread of genetically diverse UPEC clones within the three communities. This study highlights the spread of genetically diverse antibiotic-resistant CA-UTI aetiologic agents, including multidrug-resistant ones, and suggests a revision of current treatment options for CA-UTIs in rural and urban settings.

scholarly journals Fosfomycin Susceptibility in Multidrug Resistant Urinary Escherichia coli Isolates

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 414-418
Author(s):  
Greeshma Hareendranath
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Tract Infections

BACKGROUND Escherichia coli is one of the most important causes of urinary tract infections (UTIs). Increased antibiotic resistance may limit the therapeutic options for the treatment of these infections. Fosfomycin trometamol is a phosphonic acid derivative, which acts primarily by interfering with bacterial peptidoglycan synthesis with broad spectrum of activity against agents causing urinary tract infection with good antibiofilm activity and limited reports of resistance and hence is increasingly called upon for the treatment of multi drug resistant (MDR) organisms causing UTI. There are limited studies from India regarding the efficacy of this drug; so, the study was conducted to determine the in vitro efficacy of fosfomycin against uropathogenic MDR E. coli. METHODS This was a prospective study done in the Department of Microbiology, Government T.D. Medical College, Alappuzha, over a period of 1 year from April 2018 to March 2019. A total of 150 MDR urine samples were processed by routine microbiological methods and after identification of E. coli urinary isolates, antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed and results were interpreted following the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines (CLSI). Fosfomycin sensitivity was tested by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. RESULTS Among the 150 MDR urinary E. coli isolates, 148 (98 %) were sensitive to fosfomycin in our study. The susceptibility rate of fosfomycin was clearly higher than other commonly used drugs for UTI. All extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) producing E. coli were sensitive to this drug. The susceptibility for nitrofurantoin was fair, whereas for ampicillin, norfloxacin, cefotaxime and trimethoprim / sulphamethoxazole was found poor. Relatively better rates of resistance were observed for parenteral antibiotics. CONCLUSIONS With an enormous increase in the bacterial pathogens resistant to first-line antibiotics, there has been a revival in the use of fosfomycin. The convenience of a single dose regimen, a good activity proven invitro, and minimal propensity for development of resistance pathogens makes fosfomycin an attractive regimen for the treatment of uncomplicated community and hospital acquired UTIs. In this regard, with the existing limited options for treating MDR organisms, fosfomycin finds its utility acting as an effective and promising option in the treatment of UTIs due to MDR pathogens in the future.

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