scholarly journals Effects of Securigera securidaca (L.) Degen & Dorfl seed extract combined with glibenclamide on paraoxonase1 activity, lipid profile and peroxidation, and cardiovascular risk indices in diabetic rats

Bioimpacts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-167
Author(s):  
Shahin Alizadeh-Fanalou ◽  
Ali Nazarizadeh ◽  
Mohammad Babaei ◽  
Mohsen Khosravi ◽  
Navid Farahmandian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Pon1 Activity ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Risk Indices ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Securigera Securidaca

Introduction: Seeds of Securigera securidaca (L.) Degen & Dorfl are rich in flavonoids and phenolic acids which have potent biological effects. The current study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of S. securidaca seeds (HESS) alone, and in combination with a standard drug, glibenclamide (GB) on paraoxonase1 (PON1) activity, lipid profile and peroxidation, and cardiovascular risk indices in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Methods: Forty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly divided into eight equal groups and orally treated with various doses of HESS (100, 200, 400 mg/kg) alone and in combination with GB (5 mg/kg) for 35 consecutive days. After blood sampling, lipid profile including triglyceride (TG), cholesterol, high, low and very low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C, LDL-C, and VLDL-C), as well as serum PON1 activity, were assessed. Malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels were also measured. Several indices of cardiovascular risk and the correlation between PON1 activity and these indices were calculated based on the obtained results from the lipid profile. Results: Induction of diabetes could dramatically alter all of the parameters mentioned above, and the lower dose of HESS (100 mg/kg) was not effective in restoring the parameters. However, the higher doses (200 and 400 mg/kg) alone and in combination with GB could significantly improve lipid profile, restore PON1 activity, and decrease cardiovascular risk indices, MDA, as well. However, neither HESS nor GB could significantly reduce TNF-α and hs-CRP. A significant negative correlation also was detected between PON1 activity and cardiovascular risk indices. Conclusion: conclusively, HESS can be considered as a potent antihyperlipidemic agent with remarkable cardioprotective effects and can potentiate the antidiabetic effects of GB.

scholarly journals Lipid profile and cardiovascular risk indices of women on various types of contraceptives in the Ho Municipality of Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4342
Author(s):  
Ahmed Tijani Bawah ◽  
Michael Asamoah Boateng ◽  
Francis A. Osei Kuffour ◽  
Mohammed Mustapha Seini ◽  
Paul Amoah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptives ◽  
Risk Indices ◽  
Cardio Vascular Disease ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Cardio Vascular

Background: Hormonal contraceptives (HCs) have been successfully used worldwide to prevent pregnancy by inhibiting ovulation and implantation. These contraceptives have effects on lipid metabolism, body fat and blood pressure which are all risk factors for cardio vascular disease (CVD). Some studies have reported that prolonged use of these hormone-based contraceptives have negative effect on cardiovascular risk indices, however, few of such studies have been done in Ghana, hence this study sought to examine the effect of various forms of contraceptives on cardio vascular risk indices in the Volta Region of Ghana.Methods: Purposive random sampling was employed in selecting women on various forms of contraceptives and aged-matched controls into the study. Fasting blood sample was collected from each participant after overnight fast for 10-16 hours into plain tubes and the sera used to determine lipid profile. Socio-demographic and BMI variables were also analyzed in this case-control study.Results: Statistically significant differences were observed for Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) (p=0.0153), High Density Lipoprotein levels (HDL) (p=0.001), and the atherogenic index (p=0.0101) between the cases and the controls.Conclusions: The use of HC significantly affects the DBP, HDL and atherogenic index and these could pose substantial risk for the development of CVD.

scholarly journals Association of APOAI rs670 and APOB rs693 Gene Polymorphisms and Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases in Young Brazilians and Africans.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ederson Laurindo Holanda de Sousa ◽  
Jânio Emanuel Andrade Cavalcante ◽  
Daniel Freire de Sousa ◽  
Richard Rarison Cavalcante Meneses ◽  
Duaran Lopes Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
Pon1 Activity ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Hs Crp

Abstract Background and objectives: Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) are promising atherosclerosis indicators. The APOAI gene polymorphism variant rs670 shows that G (Guanine) allele is the most frequent and the A (Adenine) allele is the rarest, with both being associated with HDL-c variations in different ethnicities. In the APOB variant rs693, the C (Cytosine) allele is the most frequent, while the T (Timine) allele is the rarest and associated with dyslipidemia and cardiovascular risk. This study aims to evaluate biochemical and genetic risk factors for CVD development in young Brazilians and Africans.Methods: Anthropometric parameters were used for measurement. Blood Samples were collected to evaluate Total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, Apolipoproteins A-I and B, ApoB/ApoA-I ratio, and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) quantification. The antioxidant capacity of HDL was evaluated by the LagTime assay and the serum enzyme Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity. Genetic Analysis was made through DNA extraction from whole blood leukocytes and genotyping of the rs670 and rs693 polymorphisms using the real-time PCR (q-PCR) technique. Results: G allele and homozygous GG genotype of rs670 were the most frequent in both ethnicities. Among Brazilians, the A allele and GA genotype were associated with higher cardiovascular risk. Regarding the rs693 polymorphism, the C allele was the most frequent in both ethnicities, and the T allele was more frequent between Africans. Also, the CC genotype was the most frequent among Brazilians, and the CT genotype the most frequent among Africans, which presented higher TT frequency. T allele and TT genotype were associated with higher cardiovascular risk factors in both populations. Conclusion: Brazilians are doubly affected by these variables, while Africans are more susceptible to risks due to changes in the rs693 polymorphism.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF TELMISARTAN ON BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS AND BLOOD LIPID LEVELS IN STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1303-1308
Author(s):  
Siddamma Amoghimath ◽  
R. N. Suresha
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Lipid Levels

To evaluate the effect of telmisartan on blood glucose levels and blood lipid levels in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Eighteen Wistar albino rats weighing 150-200gms of either sex were randomly selected from the central animal facility, and divided into 3 groups. Diabetes was induced by injecting Streptozotocin intraperitonelly. The control group received 1% Gum acacia (oral), standard group received 0.5 mg/kg Glibenclamide (oral) and the test group received Telmisartan 7.2mg/kg body weight (oral) from 0-28 days respectively. Body weight of the individual rats were measured on the respective days before blood glucose estimation on 0, 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 & 28th day and fasting blood glucose was estimated by (ACCUCHECK) glucometer. Estimation of fasting lipid profile by lipid screening strips on 1st and 28th day. When compared to control the capillary blood glucose (CBG) levels in the Telmisartan group was less at all the intervals but comparable with that of standard drug Glibenclamide in Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Improved lipid profile was seen with the Telmisartan group when compared to control group in Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Hypoglycemic activity and improved lipid profile action was seen with Telmisartan group which is comparable to standard drug glibenclamide in streptozotocin induced diabetic albino rats.

scholarly journals Effect of Katakakhadiradi Kashayam on Lipid Profile and Pancreatic Damage in Type II Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
pp. 135-141
Author(s):  
Angelie Jessica Subbiah ◽  
M. Kavimani ◽  
Mukilan Ramadoss ◽  
Mudiganti Ram Krishna Rao ◽  
K. Prabhu
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Total Cholesterol Level ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Pancreatic Tissue ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Serum Lipid Profile ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Pancreatic Damage

The lipid pattern and levels in diabetic patient are the same as those for subjects with cardiovascular disease. The tactic underlying the oral hypoglycemic agent is to adjust the lipid profile; which can be achieved by herbal therapy. The use of herbs and formulations for attenuation of hyperglycemia and to aid protection against the pancreatic damage is clinically very important. This study was intended to find the efficacy of Katakakhadiradi Kashayam(KKK)on lipid profile and pancreatic tissue damage in streptozotocin-nicotinamide (SN) induced diabetic rats. The diabetic rats were treated with Katakakhadiradi Kashyam orally at doses of 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg/bw. For 28 days and compared with the standard drug Glibenclamide. After the kashayam treatment triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol and total cholesterol level were assayed and pancreatic tissue damage caused by streptozotocin was analysed by histology study.Katakakhadiradi kashayam could restore the serum lipid profile by controlling the blood glucose level and reduce the pancreatic injury in diabetic rats. Supplementation of Katakakhadiradi kashayam showed a significant improvement in the serum lipid profile thus helping in retarding the secondary complications.

scholarly journals The Impact of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Soursop on Glucose and Lipid Profile in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Albino Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
P. E. Ejembi ◽  
J. I. Oche ◽  
J. O. Ejembi ◽  
L. S. Zaccheaus
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Total Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
The Impact

The blood glucose, total serum cholesterol, High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) and Triglyceride (TRIG) levels of all rats in each group were determined before induction, post-induction with alloxan and post treatment with various concentrations of extract and standard drug. The alloxan diabetic rats treated with gliberclamide and aqueous leaf extract of Annona muricata showed average means of body weights as; (235.73±3.14a, 263.94±2.25a and 236.5±1.74a) respectively after 4 weeks of treatment. The Glucose level revealed; 168.43±5.06e, 65.29±4.57f and 57.86±3.93e respectively. Lipid profile raised significantly post exposure of diabetic rats to both standard drug and extract after 4 weeks of treatment. Therefore, A. muricata compared favorably with the standard drug in the context of diabetes management.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF ZANTHOXYLUM OVALIFOLIUM LEAF EXTRACTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
ARUN K. ◽  
VIRUPAKSHA J. H.
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Histopathological Studies

Objective: The present study was aimed to investigate the antidiabetic activity of ethanolic and aqueous extract of Zanthoxylum ovalifolium on alloxan induced diabetic rat model in rats. Methods: The leaves of Zanthoxylum ovalifolium were evaluated for antidiabetic activity by using alloxan induced diabetic model in diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (100 mg/kg) and rats were treated orally with test extracts, standard drug (glibenclamide 5 mg/kg) and vehicle for 21 d. The hypoglycemic effects and lipid profile of diabetic rats were assessed using diagnostic kits. Finally, histopathological studies were carried out for pancreas. Results: The acute toxicity studies revealed at the dose of 2000 mg/kg (b. w) of Zanthoxylum ovalifolium for ethanol and aqueous extract were found to be safe. A significant reduction (p<0.001) in blood glucose was observed in diabetic rats treated with different doses of extracts compared to untreated diabetic rats. The drug possesses a good hyperlipidemic effect by normalizing the lipid parameters. This was evidenced by histopathological studies; both glibenclamide and 400 mg/kg of Ethanolic extract does appear to be regulated diabetes at the cellular level, resulting in the restoration of near normal architecture pancreatic islet of langerhans. Conclusion: It can be concluded from our research findings that ethanolic and aqueous extract of Zanthoxylum ovalifoliumat high dose (400 mg/kg) exhibited significant antihyperglycemic activity than extract at low dose (200 mg/kg) in alloxan induced diabetic rats. These extracts also showed improvement in parameters like lipid profile as well as regeneration β-cells in the pancreas and so might be of value in diabetes treatment.

scholarly journals Hypoglycemic, Hypolipidemic and Antioxidant Activities of Ocimum gratissimum Leaf Extract on Diabetic Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-40
Author(s):  
Na’ima Musa Sani ◽  
Abdulhamid Abubakar ◽  
Nwagu Jude
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Pancreatic Islets Of Langerhans

Aims: Ocimum gratissimum is a medicinal plant that has been traditionally used in the management of many diseases including diabetes mellitus. The aim of this research was to evaluate hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities of Ocimum gratissimum leaf extracts on diabetic rats. Study Design: Mention the design of the study here. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Science, Kebbi State University of Science and Technology Aliero, Kebbi State, Nigeria. Between february 2021 and June 2021. Methodology: The phytochemical screening was carried out using standard procedures. The extract was administered orally (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight, for 21 days) to alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Hypoglycemic effects, change in body weight, lipid profile and antioxidant activities of diabetic rats treated with the extract were assessed and compared with normal, diabetic control and standard drug treated rats. Histological examination of the pancreas during 21 days of treatment was also carried out. Results: The extract produced a significant reduction in fasting blood glucose level in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Significant differences were also observed in body weights, serum lipid profile and levels of antioxidant vitamins and enzymes of Ocimum gratissimum methanol extract treated diabetic rats, when compared with diabetic, normal and standard drug treated rats. Histopathological studies of the pancreas showed comparable regeneration of the cells by extract which were earlier necrosed by alloxan. Methanol leaf extract of Ocimum gratissimum exhibit significant hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities in alloxan-induced diabetes in rats. The extract could be further processed towards the management of diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: Ocimum gratissimum extract showed a promising good hypoglycemic effect, the extracts also exhibit hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities on diabetic rats. There was regeneration of pancreatic islets of Langerhans. Therefore at acute dose the extracts can serve as an alternative in the management of diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals BERRY EXTRACTS IMPROVED INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES, ANTIOXIDANT ENZYME AND SUPPRESSED THE GENE EXPRESSION ALTERATIONS IN DIABETIC RATS

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farouk K. El-baz ◽  
Wagdy K. B. Khalil ◽  
Hanan F. Aly ◽  
Hoda F. Booles
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Pon1 Activity ◽  
Inflammatory Factor ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Berry Extracts

Objective: The present work was conducted to evaluate the ameliorative effect of red berry (Morus rubra) and white berry (Morus alba) extracts in diabetic rats.Methods: Inflammatory biomarkers; tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), paraoxanase1 (PON1), gene expression of apoptosis and inflammatory related genes were carried out.Results: Treatment of male rats with streptozotocin (STZ) to induce diabetes increased the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, TGF-β, the apoptosis rates and the alterations of the pro-apoptosis (eotaxin, caspase-1, and caspase-2) and inflammation; nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB1) and allograft inflammatory factor 1 (AIF-1) related genes. While marked reduction in PON1 level was detected in STZ-induced diabetic rats. However, treatment of STZ-exposed rats with red and white berry extracts exhibited noticeable ameliorations in TNF-α, IL-1β, TGF-β levels and PON1 activity as well as low apoptosis rates and decreased the alteration of the pro-apoptosis and inflammatory related genes.Conclusion: Red and white berry extracts exhibited attenuation in antioxidant status, suppressed inflammatory cytokines, apoptosis and the alterations in the apoptosis and inflammatory related genes induced by STZ in male rats.

scholarly journals Association between inflammatory markers and serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities in the general population: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christa Meisinger ◽  
Dennis Freuer ◽  
Achim Bub ◽  
Jakob Linseisen
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
Pon1 Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cardiometabolic Diseases ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Hydrolytic Activities ◽  
Hs Crp

Abstract Background Recent studies focused on modulating factors of paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity. In some studies the association between pro-inflammatory markers and PON1 activity was examined, but so far no population-based investigations on this issue have been conducted. The present study investigated the relationships between the pro-inflammatory markers tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, leptin, interleukin (IL)-6, and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and paraoxonase and arylesterase, two hydrolytic activities of PON1, in the population-based Bavarian Food Consumption Survey II. Methods Based on 504 participants (217 men, 287 women), the relationship between the pro-inflammatory markers and the outcomes paraoxonase and arylesterase activities were investigated using multivariable linear models. Results Circulating plasma levels of leptin (P-value < 0.0001), hs-CRP (P-value = 0.031) and IL-6 (P-value = 0.045) were significantly non-linearly associated with arylesterase activity. Leptin levels were also significantly associated with paraoxonase activity (P-value = 0.024) independently from confounding factors, including high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. With increasing levels of these inflammatory parameters, arylesterase and paraoxonase activities increased; however, at higher levels (> 75th percentile) the activities reached a plateau or even decreased somewhat. After Bonferroni-Holm correction, only leptin remained non-linearly but significantly associated with arylesterase activity (adjusted overall P-value < 0.0001). Neither age nor sex nor obesity modified the associations. No association was found between TNF-α and paraoxonase or arylesterase activity. Conclusions The present findings suggest that in persons with very high levels of inflammation, PON1 activity may be impaired, a fact that might subsequently be accompanied by a higher risk for cardiometabolic diseases. Whether or not the measurement of PON1 activity in combination with a lipid profile and certain inflammatory markers could improve the prediction of cardiometabolic diseases in middle-aged individuals from the general population should be evaluated in clinical studies.

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