scholarly journals Ecological Risk Assessment, Interpolation, and Pollution Source Identification of Toxic Elements in Soils and Leaves of the Vineyard of Malayer County

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-91
Author(s):  
Mohamad Parsi Mehr ◽  
Samar Mortazavi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Garden Soil ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Copper Contamination ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Ecological Risk Index

Grape is a strategic product in the county of Malayer. Despite the great importance and existence of polluted resources in the vicinity of vineyards in Malayer, there are few studies conducted in this regard. To evaluate the pollution level of toxic elements in these vineyards, 20 sampling stations were selected randomly and samples of garden soil and leaves of grapevine species were collected. After the acidic digestion of the samples, the concentrations of the heavy metals were measured using atomic absorption spectrometer. Then, the indices of contamination factor (Cf), geoaccumulation index (Igeo), biological accumulation coefficient (BAC), and ecological risk index (RI) were calculated. According to the results obtained for Igeo and Cf indices, the soil in the study region was moderately contaminated with copper. However, the ecological risk index and BAC of the studied region were low. To investigate the spatial distribution of copper in the studied region, the spatial distribution map was prepared. To locate the source of copper contamination and investigate the effect of various land uses on the amount of contamination, land use map (LUM) of vineyards was generated. To this end, images were downloaded from Landsat Satellite, and after the exertion of various corrections on the images based on the supervised classification method, the LUM with agricultural, residential, vineyard, brick furnace and pasture classes was prepared. The comparison of the LUM and the copper contamination map illustrated that the copper contamination was higher in the places with urban and adobe furnace land-use types.

scholarly journals Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements Pollution from Mineral Processing Steps at Xikuangshan Antimony Plant, Hunan, China

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Saijun Zhou ◽  
Renjian Deng ◽  
Andrew Hursthouse
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Dust Generation

We evaluated the direct release to the environment of a number of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) from various processing nodes at Xikuangshan Antimony Mine in Hunan Province, China. Sampling wastewater, processing dust, and solid waste and characterizing PTE content (major elements Sb, As, Zn, and associated Hg, Pb, and Cd) from processing activities, we extrapolated findings to assess wider environmental significance using the pollution index and the potential ecological risk index. The Sb, As, and Zn in wastewater from the antimony benefication industry and a wider group of PTEs in the fine ore bin were significantly higher than their reference values. The content of Sb, As, and Zn in tailings were relatively high, with the average value being 2674, 1040, and 590 mg·kg−1, respectively. The content of PTEs in the surface soils surrounding the tailings was similar to that in tailings, and much higher than the background values. The results of the pollution index evaluation of the degree of pollution by PTEs showed that while dominated by Sb, some variation in order of significance was seen namely for: (1) The ore processing wastewater Sb > Pb > As > Zn > Hg > Cd, (2) in dust Sb > As > Cd > Pb > Hg > Zn, and (3) surface soil (near tailings) Sb > Hg > Cd > As > Zn > Pb. From the assessment of the potential ecological risk index, the levels were most significant at the three dust generation nodes and in the soil surrounding the tailings reservoir.

scholarly journals Remote Sensing Monitoring and Ecological Risk Assessment of Landscape Patterning in the Agro-Pastoral Ecotone of Northeast China

Complexity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Min Guo ◽  
Shijun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Population Pressure ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Practical Case ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Ecosystem Risk

The agro-pastoral ecotone, an ecological transition zone connecting adjacent areas of agricultural planting area and grassland animal husbandry, has three features: a complex natural condition, relatively pronounced population pressure, and a fragile ecological environment. In this study, we conducted an ecosystem risk assessment in the western part of Jilin Province, China, based on multiscale and multitemporal remote sensing images and land-use data. Furthermore, we focused on land-use change from 1995 to 2015 by applying the dynamic change information survey method and carrying out a transfer track analysis. The results revealed three main findings. (1) The ecological risk index at the scale of 3 km × 3 km harbors significant spatial correlation. (2) The ecological risk index of unutilized land, forest land, and grassland is relatively high for each, and their anti-interference ability is weak, while the ecological risk index of construction land and water area is the lowest. (3) Human interference, e.g., construction activities and cultivated land occupation, is the leading factor driving the exacerbation of ecological risk and frequent land-use type conversions. At the study period’s end, a trend of slight contraction in the high-risk areas was found, indicating that land-use regulation and land protection policies have had significantly positive impact upon the lands’ ecological value. The overall study identified a reasonable research scale for eco-environmental risk assessment and discerned relationships between regional land-use changes through geospatial analysis. Moreover, our findings can help provide practical case study information applicable to similar regions with agro-pastoral ecotones.

scholarly journals Investigation of heavy metals concentration in soil around a Pb-Zn mine and ecological risk assessment

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Hossein Baghaie ◽  
Forough Aghili
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Pollution ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Accumulation Index

Background: Soil pollution with heavy metals seriously threatens soil quality, food safety, and humanhealth. This study was conducted to determine the soil pollution level and ecological risk assessmentof different heavy metals in agricultural soils around Nakhlak Pb-Zn mine, located in Anarak district,Nain county of Isfahan province.Methods: A total of 50 soil samples were collected from agricultural land around Nakhlak mine andanalyzed to determine the concentrations of Pb, Cd, Zn, Ni, Cu, and Mn. The geo-accumulation index(Igeo), enrichment factor (EF), and potential ecological-risk index (Er) were used to assess the level ofsoil pollution with heavy metals.Results: The mean concentrations of Pb, Cd, Zn, Ni, Cu, and Mn were 355, 2.72, 347, 26, 36, and505 mg/kg, respectively, which were higher than the background values of world soils. Based on theIgeo index, the study area was moderately to heavily contaminated with Pb and Zn, uncontaminated tomoderate contaminated with Cd and Cu, and uncontaminated with Mn and Ni. According to the EFvalues, the study soil was moderately contaminated with Mn, Ni, and Cu, significantly contaminatedwith Cd and Zn, and highly enriched with Pb. The RI values showed a moderate level of heavy metalscontamination in the study soil.Conclusion: According to the results, the ecological risk of heavy metals for ecosystem in agriculturallands around Nakhlak Pb-Zn mine is moderate. However, the contamination status should be consideredperiodically.

Toxic Elements Contents and Associated Potential Ecological Risk in the Bottom Sediments of Hrazdan River Under the Impact of Yerevan City (Armenia)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gevorg Tepanosyan ◽  
Norik Harutyunyan ◽  
Nairuhi Maghakyan ◽  
Lilit Sahakyan
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This research aimed to assess the ecological status of the Hrazdan river section flowing through Yerevan. The distribution of toxic elements (Cr, V, As, Zn, Cu, Ni, Co, Mn, Pb, Ti, Mo, Fe, Ba), the bottom sediments pollution level and ecological risks, were assessed employing the contamination factor (CF), enrichment factor (EF), the potential ecological risk index (RI) and geoaccumulation index (Igeo). On sampling sites, water quality parameters (turbidity, DO, conductivity (EC), salinity, TDS, pH, T°C) were measured, as well. The correlation analysis revealed a significant correlation between Zn - Cu, Pb; Cu - Pb, Mo; Co - Fe, Ti pointing out the similar sources and origination of these elements. The results have indicated that the content of the studied elements in the Hrazdan bottom sediments exceed the background content in urban soils, which is due to a set of geological and anthropogenic factors. High contents of elements were determined on sampling sites spatially confined to the residential and industrial areas. According to EF and Igeo data, the priority bottom sediment contaminants are As, Pb, Mo, Zn, V, Cu. The RI value varies from 195.9 to 316.3 with the mean of 245.9 which corresponds to the moderate-level ecological risk. On the whole, a moderate (77.8%) and considerable (22.2%) ecological risk was revealed. An essential source of Pb, Cu, Zn, Mo contents was itentified to be the surface runoffs in urban environment.

Spatial Distribution and Assessment of Soil Heavy Metals in Rural Dumpsite of North China

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 716-725
Author(s):  
Hong Xia Yan ◽  
Jun Wei Ma ◽  
Yan Zhong Liu ◽  
Yu Qing Ren
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Geoaccumulation Index ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Hebei Province ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk Index

Soil samples from 6 sampling sites along 5 depths (0, 10, 20, 30, 40cm) were collected from an rural dumpsite in Hebei Province. The heavy metal (As, Cr, Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn) concentration were measured by inductively coupled plasma atomic absorption spectrometry (ICP/AES) in order to study the spatial distribution and assess their risk by the geoaccumulation index and potential ecological risk index. It was found that the mean concentrations of Cd, Pb, Cu were higher than the elemental background values in Hebei Province. The spatial distribution show that the longer stacking area had heavier heavy metal pollution in deeper soil due to long-term penetration of leachate and new stacking area had heavier pollution in surface soil. However, the geoaccumulation index and potential ecological risk index values show that most sites of the studied soils is in uncontaminated or low contaminated level. The potential ecological risk index values in the dumpsite were, in descending order, Cd > Cu > Pb > As > Cr > Zn, respectively, implying that Cd, Cu, Pb posed a higher hazard to human and ecosystem health. It was recommended that some measures were required to reduce heavy metal contents in soils caused by garbage dump.

scholarly journals Risk Assessment and Source Identification of Toxic Metals in the Agricultural Soil around a Pb/Zn Mining and Smelting Area in Southwest China

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinnan Wu ◽  
Jian Long ◽  
Lingfei Liu ◽  
Juan Li ◽  
Hongkai Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mining And Smelting

Mining and smelting activities are the primary sources of toxic metal pollution in China. The purpose of this study was to investigate the pollution risk and identify sources of metals in the arable soil of a Zn/Pb mining and smelting district located in Huize, in Southwest China. Topsoil (346) and profile (three) samples were collected and analyzed to determine the total concentrations of eight toxic elements (Cd, Hg, As, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn and Ni). The results showed that the mean Cd, Hg, As, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn and Ni concentrations were 9.07, 0.37, 25.0, 512, 88.7, 239, 1761 and 90.3 mg/kg, respectively, all of which exceeded both the Huize and Yunnan soil background levels. Overall the topsoil was quite acidic, with a mean pH of 5.51. The mean geoaccumulation index (Igeo) revealed that the pollution level was in the order of Pb > Zn > Cd > Hg > As > Ni > Cu > Cr. The ecological risk index (Ei) indicated that there were serious contamination risks for Cd and Hg, high risk for Pb, moderate risk for As, and Cd and Hg were the dominant contributors to the high combined ecological risk index (Er) with a mean parameter of 699 meaning a serious ecological risk. The Nemerow pollution index (Pn) showed that 99.1% of soil samples were highly polluted or worse. Horizontally, high concentrations of Cd, Hg, As, Pb and Zn appeared in the north and middle of the study area, while Cr, Cu and Ni showed an opposite trend. Vertically, as the depth increased, Cd, Hg, As, Pb and Zn contents declined, but Cr, Cu and Ni exhibited an increasing trend. The mobilities of the metals were in the order of Zn > Cd > Hg > As > Pb. Horizontal and vertical distribution, coupled with correlation analysis, PCA and CA suggested that Cd, Hg, As, Pb and Zn mainly came from the anthropogenic sources, whereas Cr and Ni had a lithogenic origin. The source of Cu was a combination of the presence of parent materials as well as human activities. This study provides a base for the local government to control the toxic metal pollution and restore the soil environment system and an effective method to identify the sources of the studied pollutants.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT OF Pb, As AND Hg IN SEDIMENT OF TAM GIANG-CAU HAI LAGOON, THUA THIEN HUE PROVINCE

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (2C) ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
Dang Van Hieu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Ecological Risk Assessment ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Technical Regulation ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Ship Construction ◽  
Dry Seasons

Tam Giang - Cau Hai lagoon plays an important role in coastal ecosystems of Thua Thien Hue Province. The present study aims to determine three toxic elements (Pb, As, Hg) in the surface sediment and to assess the ecological risk of the selected metal in this area. Sediment samples and water quality were collected at 9 stations in rainy and dry seasons. Toxic metals were determined following the USEPA methods 3050A for measuring by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Concentrations of Hg, Pb and As in the study area were in the range of 0-2.64 mg/kg, 4.83-22.13 mg/kg and 1.18-6.24 mg/kg, respectively. The results showed that concentration of Hg in sediment of most sampling sites were exceeded the National Technical Regulation on Sediment Quality (QCVN 43:2012/BTNMT), while Pb and As were below the regulated level. Ecological risk assessment presented that investigated metals posed medium to high risk to ecology. The estimated ecological risk index (ERI) ranged from 43.9 to 582.9 with the order of Hg>As>Pb. The highest ecological risk was found at the stations closed to the Thuan An inlet and ship construction area.

scholarly journals Ecological risk and enrichment of potentially toxic elements in the soil and eroded sediment in an organic vineyard (Tokaj Nagy Hill, Hungary)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nhung Thi Ha Pham ◽  
Izabella Babcsányi ◽  
Andrea Farsang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Enrichment Ratio ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Ecological Risk Index

AbstractPotentially toxic elements (PTEs), such as Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, Cr, and Co, can accumulate in vineyard soils due to repeated uses of inorganic pesticides and chemical or organic fertilizers. In sloping vineyards, PTEs can also be moved by soil erosion resulting in their accumulation in low-energy zones within the landscape, adversely affecting the soil environment. Our study evaluated the ecological risk related to the pseudo-total and bioavailable PTE contents (Zn, Pb, Co, Ni, Cr, and Cu) in the soil and eroded sediment samples from an organic vineyard in Tokaj (NE Hungary). The contamination status and the ecological risk of target PTEs were assessed by calculating the contamination factor, the pollution load index, the ecological risk factor, and the ecological risk index. The median pollution load indices of 1.15, 1.81, and 1.10 for the topsoil, the sediments, and the subsoil, respectively, demonstrate a moderate multi-element contamination case in the organic vineyard. Target PTEs tented to show increased concentrations in eroded sediments with the highest enrichment ratio (3.36) observed for Cu (Cu in the sediment/Cu in the topsoil), revealing a preferential movement of Cu-rich soil particles by overland flow. Moreover, PTEs were present in the sediments in more bioavailable forms (except Ni, Cr), assessed by an extraction procedure with EDTA. The ecological risk index (< 90) based on the studied PTEs showed an overall low ecological risk in the vineyard. Copper was the predominant factor of the ecological risk. Moreover, the highest ecological risk factor (24.6) observed for the bioavailable Cu content in an eroded sediment sample (representing 82% of the total ecological risk) shows that Cu accumulation in sloping vineyards is an ecological risk, particularly in the sedimentation zones. The high proportions of bioavailable Cu in the vineyard’s soil represent an increasing ecological risk over time, related to repeated treatments of vine plants with Cu-based pesticides.

scholarly journals Spatial Distribution and Ecological Risk Assessment of Potentially Harmful Trace Elements in Surface Sediments from Lake Dali, North China

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Xu ◽  
Weiwei Sun ◽  
Rong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
North China ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Contamination Levels

Potentially harmful trace element (PHTE) pollution in lakes has important implications for regional management in North China, yet is seldom investigated. Surface sediments from 13 sites in Lake Dali were collected for PHTE analysis. Combined with the enrichment factor, potential ecological risk index, and multivariate statistical analysis, the spatial distribution and ecological risk of the pollutants were studied. The results showed that the contamination levels of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn were minor to moderate. Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn, and part of Pb pollution were mainly attributed to atmospheric deposition with the development of industry in North China, and As pollution resulted from the agricultural use of chemical fertilizers and As-containing pesticides. For the overall lake, the southwest part requires the most management, and targeted measures should be tailored to mitigate the ecological risk of PHTE pollution.

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