scholarly journals Effect of Aminophylline in Preventing Renal Dysfunction among Neonates with Prenatal Asphyxia: A Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 312-318
Author(s):  
Maryam Saboute ◽  
Javad Balasi ◽  
Saleheh Tajalli ◽  
Mahmoud Hajipour ◽  
Shaghayegh Heshmat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Renal Dysfunction ◽  
Urine Output ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynecology ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Functional Indices ◽  
Prenatal Asphyxia

Background: As there are different views on the effects of aminophylline on neonatal renal function, we intended to observe the effects of aminophylline on renal dysfunction in neonates with prenatal asphyxia. Methods: This randomized trial was conducted in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Tehran, Iran, from June 2016 to May 2017, in neonates with moderate to severe asphyxia during birth. Fifty-six neonates were divided randomly into two groups. The intervention group received one dose of 5mg/kg slow intravenous aminophylline injection and the placebo group received 2 mL/kg of intravenous 10% solution of dextrose saline during the first hour of life. They were monitored and compared for renal functional indices, electrolytes, and complications of asphyxia during the three days of life. Results: The mean of Cr (37.9 ± 8.8 vs 38.5 ± 9.4 and 20.8 ± 4.8 vs 30.1 ± 5.2 μmol/L), GFR (21.55 ± 4.7 vs 20.25 ± 4.4 and 30.8 ± 7.1 vs 20.1 ± 6.5 mL/minute/1.73 m2 ), Na (135.1 ± 12.4 vs134.5 ± 11.2 and 128.9 ± 11.5 vs 134.2 ± 10.9 mEq/L), and urine output (98.2 ± 25 vs 96.8 ± 23 and 148.7 ± 35 vs 108.8 ± 20 cc) were in the aminophylline treated and placebo group on the 1st and 3rd days, respectively. The mean difference of Cr (-9.3 (-8.9; -9.7) μmol/L); (P = 0.02), GFR (10.7 (10.1; 11.3) mL/minute/1.73 m2 ) (P = 0.009), Na (-5.3 (-5.9; -4.7) mEq/L) (P = 0.002), and urine volume (39.9 (24.9; 54.9) cc) (P = 0.001) presented statistically significant differences on the third day between the intervention and placebo group. Conclusion: Aminophylline was effective in preventing renal dysfunction in neonates with asphyxia. Neonates who received aminophylline indicated a significant improvement in GFR and urine output on the first day of life.

Therapeutic Effects of Hab Shabyar on Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Double-Blinded, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1218
Author(s):  
Ebrahim Khalil BaniHabib ◽  
Ali Mostafai ◽  
Seyyed Mohammad Bagher Fazljou ◽  
Ghadir Mohammdi
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Double Blinded

Background: Open-angle glaucoma (OAG) is one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide. This study evaluates the therapeutic effects of hab shabyar in patients with open-angle glaucoma. Materials and Methods: In this clinical randomized controlled trial, 50 patients with OAG were randomized into two groups. The intervention group was received a drop of timolol plus 500 mg of hab shabyar every 12 hours. The placebo group was received a drop of timolol every 12 hours plus 500 mg of wheat germ as a placebo. The intraocular pressure in patients with OAG was measured in each group and compared at before the intervention (t1), one month (t2), and two months (t3) after the intervention. Results: The mean decrease in intraocular pressure for the right eye at three times in the intervention group was statistically significant, but the mean decrease in the placebo group was not significant. Similar results were obtained for the left eye at t1 when compared to t3. The patients in the intervention group expressed more satisfaction than the patients in the placebo group (P≤0.001). Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that consumption of timolol plus hab shabyar instead of consuming of timolol alone was probably more effective for reducing intraocular pressure in patients with OAG.[GMJ.2019;In press:e1218]

Tranexamic Acid Effectiveness on the Amount of Bleeding during Surgery and Surgeon’s Satisfaction in Intertrochanteric Fracture Fixation: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morteza Saeb ◽  
Ali Mousapour ◽  
Alireza Shafiee ◽  
Seyyed Saeed Khabiri ◽  
Roya Safari-Faramani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Tranexamic Acid ◽  
Intertrochanteric Fracture ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Postoperative Blood Loss ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Fracture Surgery

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of intravenous tranexamic acid (TXA) on the blood loss volume during surgery and surgeon's satisfaction in intertrochanteric fracture surgery. Methods: A total of 62 patients with intertrochanteric fracture were involved in the study and accidentally categorized into two groups. In the control or first group, patients were medicated with placebo (age: 69.2 ± 6.1 years old) and in the second group or intervention, they received 1 g injection of TXA (age: 69.7 ± 6.4 years old). Intraoperative bleeding was measured by the amount of blood in the suction bottle and amount of gauze utilized and postoperative blood loss was measured by the amount of blood in the drain 48 hours after surgery. Also, hemoglobin (Hb) levels were compared before and after surgery. In the end, the surgeon’s satisfaction was measured by Likert scale. Results: The difference in the amount of intra-operative bleeding was significant between the groups (P < 0.050). The mean number of utilized gauze in the intervention group was meaningfully less than the placebo group (P < 0.050). The mean Hb in the control group was considerably inferior to the intervention group (P < 0.050). The respect of patients in need of transfusion in the placebo group was outstandingly superior to the intervention group (P < 0.005). Surgeon satisfaction in the intervention group was considerably greater than the control group (P < 0.050). Conclusion: The use of intravenous TXA during intertrochanteric fracture surgery can reduce hemorrhage during surgery, reduce the need for blood products, and finally improve the surgeon’s satisfaction.

scholarly journals Different Doses of Intraumbilical Oxytocin on the Third Stage of Labor

2018 ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Nurul Islamy ◽  
Nuswil Bernolian ◽  
Firmansyah BasiR ◽  
Theodorus Theodorus
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Randomised Study ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage Of Labor ◽  
Treatment Dose ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Post Hoc

  Objective: To compare the dose of oxytocin injected intraumbilicalltowards the duration of the third stage, blood loss volume, hemoglobinand hematocrit.   Methods: This study is a prospective randomised study with acontrol. The control group was given an intramuscular injection of10 IU oxytocin. The intervention of the three groups intraumbilicaloxytocin treatment dose of 10 IU, 20 IU and 30 IU diluted in 50 ml ofnormal saline solution and administered intraumbilically. Thesample selection by purposive sampling and the distribution groupbased on systematic random sampling (10 samples each). Data weretaken from the period April 2016-January 2017 with the inclusionand exclusion criteria. Data were analysed using Chi-square, T-test,ANOVA and Post hoc tests.   Results: Characteristics study for variables of age, occupation,parity, education, episiotomy and neonates weight showed homogeneouscharacteristics. The mean duration of the third stage forall groups was between 366.7  159.0 seconds and 440.1  244.99seconds. While the average number of postpartum haemorrhage forall group 61.894  226.3ml and 309.5  110.26 ml. There were nodifferences in the dose of oxytocin on the duration of the thirdstage (p> 0.05) and the amount of bleeding (p> 0.005). There was adifference of haemoglobin between intervention group of oxytocindose of 10 IU and 30 IU intraumbilical (p = 0.031). There was nodifference between the mean hematocrit levels between the groups(p> 0.005).   Conclusion: There were no differences in the dose of oxytocinintraumbilical towards the duration of the third stage, the amountof bleeding and hematocrit levels. The decrease of haemoglobingreater in 30 IU intraumbilical significantly. Keywords: duration of the third stage, haemoglobin and hematocrit,oxytocin intraumbilical, the amount of bleeding

scholarly journals Oxytocin levels in low-risk primiparas following breast stimulation for spontaneous onset of labor: a quasi-experimental study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaori Takahata ◽  
Shigeko Horiuchi ◽  
Yuriko Tadokoro ◽  
Erika Sawano ◽  
Kazuyuki Shinohara
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Group ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Change In The Mean ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Labor Onset ◽  
Oxytocin Level

Abstract Background Breast stimulation is performed to self-induce labor. However, there are apparently no reports on hormonal evaluation during stimulation for consecutive days in relation to induction effect. We evaluated the salivary oxytocin level following 3 consecutive days of own breast stimulation for 1 h each day compared with no breast stimulation. Methods We used a quasi-experimental design. The participants were low-risk primiparas between 38 and 39 gestational weeks. Eight saliva samples per participant were collected at preintervention and 30, 60, and 75 min postintervention on the first and third days. The primary outcome was change in the salivary oxytocin level on the third day after 3 consecutive days of breast stimulation for 1 h each day compared with no breast stimulation. The secondary outcomes were the rate of spontaneous labor onset and negative events including uterine hyperstimulation and abnormal fetal heart rate. Results Between February and September 2016, 42 women were enrolled into the intervention group (n = 22) or control group (n = 20). As there were differences in the basal oxytocin levels between the 2 groups, to estimate the change in the oxytocin level from baseline, we used a linear mixed model with a first-order autoregressive (AR1) covariance structure. The dependent variable was change in the oxytocin level from baseline. The independent variables were gestational weeks on the first day of intervention, age, education, rs53576 and rs2254298, group, time point, and interaction of group and time. After Bonferroni correction, the estimated change in the mean oxytocin level at 30 min on the third day was significantly higher in the intervention group (M = 20.2 pg/mL, SE = 26.2) than in the control group (M = − 44.4 pg/mL, SE = 27.3; p = 0.018). There was no significant difference in the rate of spontaneous labor onset. Although there were no adverse events during delivery, uterine tachysystole occurred in 1 case during the intervention. Conclusions The estimated change in the mean oxytocin level was significantly higher 30 min after breast stimulation on the third day. Thus, consecutive breast stimulation increased the salivary oxytocin level. Repeated stimulations likely increase the oxytocin level. Trial registration UMIN000020797 (University Hospital Medical Information Network; Prospective trial registered: January 29, 2016).

scholarly journals The effect of curcumin ointment on knee pain in older adults with osteoarthritis: a randomized placebo trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neda Jamali ◽  
Mohsen Adib-Hajbaghery ◽  
Alireza Soleimani
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Knee Pain ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Medium Effect ◽  
Absolute Difference ◽  
Placebo Trial ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Some studies have shown the effect of oral administration of curcumin on knee pain. However, limited studies are available on the effect of topical curcumin. This study aimed to investigate the effect of curcumin ointment on knee pain in older adults with osteoarthritis. Methods This double-blind randomized placebo trial was conducted on 72 older adults with knee pain associated with osteoarthritis. The subjects were randomly assigned into an intervention and a placebo group to apply either curcumin 5% ointment or Vaseline ointment twice daily for 6 weeks. Using a Visual Analog Scale, the severity of knee pain was measured at the beginning of the study, at the end of the fourth and sixth week. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential methods. Results The mean baseline knee pain intensity was not significantly different between the two groups (P = 0.15). The mean pain intensity was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the placebo group at the third measurement (P = 0.02). The repeated-measures analysis showed that over time, the curcumin significantly decreased the mean pain intensity in the intervention group (P = 0.001). The mixed model showed an absolute difference of 1.133 (i.e. 11.33 mm) score which signifies a medium effect size and that the patient in the intervention group achieved the minimal clinically important difference. Conclusion Topical administration of curcumin 5% ointment can significantly reduce knee pain in older adults with knee osteoarthritis. Curcumin ointment can be used as an alternative treatment in older adults with knee pain associated with osteoarthritis. Trial registration Retrospectively registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) (IRCT20100403003618N6, 2019-03-08), https://en.irct.ir/trial/37155

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of oral tolvaptan in patients undergoing hemodialysis: a Phase 2, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Ogata ◽  
Naoko Shimofurutani ◽  
Tadashi Okada ◽  
Hisashi Nagamoto ◽  
Tadao Akizawa
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Fluid Removal ◽  
Interdialytic Weight Gain ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Total Fluid

Abstract Background Loop diuretics are used to manage fluid retention in patients with end-stage kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis (HD). This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, Phase 2 trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of tolvaptan, a vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist, in Japanese HD patients. Methods A total of 124 patients (24-h urine volume ≥500 mL) on thrice-weekly HD were randomized to receive oral tolvaptan 15 mg/day (n = 40), tolvaptan 30 mg/day (n = 40) or placebo (n = 44) for 24 weeks. Efficacy endpoints were change from baseline in 24-h urine volume, total fluid removal by HD per week and interdialytic weight gain (IDWG). Safety was assessed via the incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs). Results At treatment end, the difference (95% confidence interval) from the placebo group in the mean change from baseline in 24-h urine volume was significant in the tolvaptan 15 mg {429.1 mL [95% confidence interval (CI) 231.0, 627.2]; P &lt; 0.0001} and 30 mg [371.6 mL (95% CI 144.1, 599.2); P = 0.0017] groups. The mean changes from baseline in total fluid removal by HD and IDWG were not significantly different in the tolvaptan groups versus the placebo group. Although the proportion of patients with TEAEs was lower in the placebo group (77.3%) than in the tolvaptan groups (92.3%), tolvaptan was safe and well-tolerated during the study period. Conclusions Tolvaptan significantly sustained diuretic action for 24 weeks in HD patients but did not reduce total fluid removal by HD per week and IDWG to the same extent.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Effects of Hab Shabyar on Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Double-Blinded, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e1218
Author(s):  
Ebrahim Khalil- BaniHabib ◽  
Ali Mostafai ◽  
Seyyed Mohammad Bagher Fazljou ◽  
Ghadir Mohammdi
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Double Blinded

Background: Open-angle glaucoma (OAG) is one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide. This study evaluates the therapeutic effects of hab shabyar in patients with open-angle glaucoma. Materials and Methods: In this clinical randomized controlled trial, 50 patients with OAG were randomized into two groups. The intervention group received a drop of timolol plus 500 mg of hab shabyar every 12 hours. The placebo group received a drop of timolol every 12 hours plus 500 mg of wheat germ as a placebo. The intraocular pressure in patients with OAG was measured in each group and compared before the intervention (t1), one month (t2), and two months (t3) after the intervention. Results: The mean decrease in intraocular pressure for the right eye on three times in the intervention group was statistically significant, but the mean decrease in the placebo group was not significant. Similar results were obtained for the left eye at t1 when compared to t3. The intervention group patients expressed more satisfaction changes than the placebo group (P≤0.001). Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that consumption of timolol plus hab shabyar instead of consuming timolol alone was probably more effective for reducing intraocular pressure in patients with OAG. [GMJ.2020;9:e1218]

scholarly journals Influence of dentistry procedures on masticatory function of dentate patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Lucas do Nascimento Tavares ◽  
Karla Zancope ◽  
Frederick Khalil Karam ◽  
Wilson Mestriner Júnior ◽  
Flávio Domingues das Neves
Keyword(s):  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standardize Method ◽  
Masticatory Performance ◽  
Masticatory Function ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Natural Dentition ◽  
The Right

Aim: Evaluate the masticatory performance in patients with different clinical situations: patients with natural dentition without restorative and/or orthodontic intervention (Group CG) and patients with restorations and/or orthodontic intervention (Group TG). Subjects received instruction before the experiment, related to masticatory movements. Methods: Three capsules containing the granules were delivered separately to chew for 20 seconds each, controlled by the examiner. One capsule was chewed for 20 seconds only on the left side; the second capsule was chewed for 20 seconds only on the right side; and the third capsule was chewed for 20 seconds to simulate each patient’s mastication. The mean data and standard deviation of masticatory function of each patient was calculated. Results: The results obtained in this study showed that there were no statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) between both tested groups (0.0320 ± 0.00716, 0.0436 ± 0.00974). Conclusions: Patients who were submitted to orthodontic and/or restorative procedures, with balanced occlusion could be used as a control group, making easier the patient recruitment. Clinicians and researchers on masticatory performance evaluation could apply the colorimetric method. The colorimetric method was a standardize method, effective and easy to execute.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Echium amoenum on premenstrual syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Farahmand ◽  
Davood Khalili ◽  
Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani ◽  
Gholamreza Amin ◽  
Reza Negarandeh
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Premenstrual Syndrome ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Estimating Equation ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Echium Amoenum ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of Echium amoenum (EA) on the severity of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) in comparison with placebo. Methods The present study was a randomized double-blind controlled clinical trial. A checklist questionnaire was completed by 120, 18 to 35-year-old, college students. And then, 84 eligible women (20 to 35 years old) were enrolled in the trial; they were randomly assigned to two groups of intervention (EA) and control (placebo), with 42 participants in each group. Participants in the intervention group received 450 mg capsules of EA per day (three times a day) from the 21st day of their menstrual cycle until the 3rd day of their next cycle for two consecutive cycles. The severity of PMS was measured and ranked using the premenstrual symptoms screening tool (PSST). The generalized estimating equation was used to compare the total score of the severity of PMS between the two groups. Results Sixty-nine women with regular menstrual cycles suffering from PMS completed the study. The mean scores of the symptoms in the EA group were 35.3 and 16.1 (P ≤ 0.001) at baseline and after 2 months, respectively, while the mean scores of the symptoms in the placebo group were 31.0 and 28.3 (P = 0.09) at baseline and after 2 months, respectively. The evaluation of the first and the second follow-ups in the intervention group showed that, after being adjusted for age and body mass index (P ≤ 0.001), the mean scores of the premenstrual syndrome, using GEE analysis, have decreased to 6.2 and 11.6, respectively. Conclusion Based on the results, in comparison with the placebo group, EA was found to be more effective in improving the symptoms of PMS, and is highly recommended for treatment of this syndrome. Trial registration IRCT2015110822779N3; Registration date: 2015–11–27.

UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA MELALUI PENGGUNAAN VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN BAGI SISWA KELAS IV DI SDN 187/IV KOTA JAMBI

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Juniar Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Research Report ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Classroom Action Research

This study presents a research report on improving students’ Learning results on IPA through Video. The objective was to find out whether students’ learning result improved when they are taught by using Video. It was conducted using classroom action research method. The subject of the study was the Grade IV students of SDN 187/IV Kota Jambi which is located on Jln. Adi Sucipto RT 05 Kecamatan Jambi Selatan, and the number of the students were 21 persons. The instruments used were test. In analyzing the data, the mean of the students’ score for the on fisrt sycle was 65,4 (42,85%) and the mean on cycle two was 68,5 (37,15%) and the mean of the third cycle was 81,4 (100%). Then it can be concluded that the use of video on learning IPA can improve the students’ learning result. It is suggested that teachers should use video as one of the media to improve students’ learning result on IPA.Keywords : IPA, students’ learning result, video

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