Rubiacearum Americanarum Magna Hama Pars XLVIII: A New View of Palicourea sect. Axillares and Description of Some New Species (Palicoureeae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 85-111
Author(s):  
Charlotte M. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Species Status ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Southern Ecuador ◽  
Center Of Diversity ◽  
Infraspecific Taxa ◽  
Southern Central ◽  
Molecular Characters

Many of the species classified in Psychotria L. subg. Heteropsychotria Steyerm. (Rubiaceae), including the species of Psychotria ser. Axillares (Hook. f.) Steyerm., have been shown to belong to Palicourea Aubl. based on morphological and molecular characters. This section is now treated as Palicourea sect. Axillares (Hook. f.) Borhidi, and includes 14 species found from southern Central America through the Andes of northwestern and western South America with a center of diversity in eastern Colombia and western Venezuela. This section is characterized by the combination of laminar, well-developed, bilobed stipules and mostly capitate, pseudoaxillary or sometimes terminal, mostly sessile inflorescences with numerous well-developed bracts that enclose the flowers but without enlarged involucral bracts. It is circumscribed differently here than it is by Borhidi. The nomenclatural summary, key, and diagnostic discussions that separate the species included here are based on several new taxonomic circumscriptions. No infraspecific taxa are recognized in Pal. axillaris (Sw.) Borhidi, but one of its varieties from Venezuela is raised to species status as Pal. villipila (Steyerm.) C. M. Taylor. The circumscription of Pal. rosacea (Steyerm.) Borhidi is expanded, and four species are newly described here: Pal. aristata C. M. Taylor from the Andes of southern Ecuador, Pal. quibdoana C. M. Taylor from northwestern Colombia, Pal. santanderiana C. M. Taylor from the Andes of eastern Colombia, and Pal. winfriedii C. M. Taylor from northern Venezuela.

Rubiacearum Americanarum Magna Hama Pars XLIX: Overview of the Neotropical Genus Tournefortiopsis (Guettardeae), With Some New Species and Subspecies

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 227-265
Author(s):  
Charlotte M. Taylor ◽  
Andreas Berger
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Lesser Antilles ◽  
Species Status ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Center Of Diversity ◽  
Andean South America

Guettarda L. (Rubiaceae) as traditionally circumscribed has been found to be polyphyletic in molecular analyses. Tournefortiopsis Rusby has been separated from it based on details of inflorescence arrangement, pyrene shape, and molecular analyses. We here find additional characters that distinguish this genus: valvate-induplicate corolla lobes and apical horns on the pyrenes. Some features that are usually consistent within species and often genera of Rubiaceae vary within some species of Tournefortiopsis, especially pubescence form and number of corolla lobes and locules. Our taxonomic review of this genus recognizes 12 species found in Central America and perhaps southern Mexico, the Lesser Antilles, and northern and Andean South America, and finds its center of diversity in the Andes of Colombia. Chomelia torrana C. M. Taylor is here transferred to Tournefortiopsis, and four species are newly described here plus one recently recognized variety is raised to species status, all in South America: T. crassifolia (Standl. ex Steyerm.) C. M. Taylor & A. C. Berger, T. deviana C. M. Taylor, T. robusta C. M. Taylor, T. sopkinii C. M. Taylor, and T. tamboana C. M. Taylor. Tournefortiopsis crispiflora (Vahl) Borhidi is here treated as widespread and morphologically variable, with a complex of forms that are not distinctive but completely separable and with notable diversification in Central America and the northern Andes. Four subspecies of T. crispiflora are recognized, with one circumscribed differently than previously and one newly described, T. crispiflora subsp. delicatula C. M. Taylor & A. C. Berger. The identity and characters of T. dependens (Ruiz & Pav.) Borhidi are clarified, and it is more widely distributed than previously noted. Six names are lectotypified.

Description and phylogenetic relationships of a new trans-Andean species of Elachistocleis Parker 1927 (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4779 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-340
Author(s):  
JUAN C. SÁNCHEZ-NIVICELA ◽  
PEDRO L. V. PELOSO ◽  
VERÓNICA L. URGILES ◽  
MARIO H. YÁNEZ-MUÑOZ ◽  
YERKA SAGREDO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
South America ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Mitochondrial Genes ◽  
12S Rrna ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Southern Ecuador ◽  
A New Species

Elachistocleis is a Neotropical genus of microhylid frogs with 18 species, most of which occur east of the Andes in South America. Here, we present a new phylogeny of Gastrophryninae and describe and name a new species of Elachistocleis from southern Ecuador—the first to be found west of the Andes and also the first from Ecuador. Our phylogeny is based on DNA sequences of the mitochondrial genes 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, COI, and the nuclear genes BDNF, cmyc2, H3A, 28S, SIA1, and Tyr. Elachistocleis araios sp. n., is the sister species of all other Elachistocleis. The finding of this taxon highlights the probability of the existence of more Elachistocleis species west of the Andes. 

scholarly journals Three new species of the Eigenmannia trilineata species group (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae) from northwestern South America

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar Esteban Herrera-Collazos ◽  
Aleidy M. Galindo-Cuervo ◽  
Javier A. Maldonado-Ocampo ◽  
Melissa Rincón-Sandoval
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Geometric Morphometrics ◽  
Central America ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Southern Central ◽  
Taxonomic Approach ◽  
Three New Species

ABSTRACT Eigenmannia is one of the more taxonomically complex genera within the Gymnotiformes. Here we adopt an integrative taxonomic approach, combining osteology, COI gene sequences, and geometric morphometrics to describe three new species belonging to the E. trilineata species group from Colombian trans-Andean region. These new species increase the number of species in the E. trilineata complex to 18 and the number of species in the genus to 25. The distribution range of the E. trilineata species group is expanded to include parts of northwestern South America and southern Central America.

Two new species of Juncus (Juncaceae) from South America

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 376 (2) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
HENRIK BALSLEV
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
South American ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
South American Species ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Southern Peru ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Southern Ecuador ◽  
Two New Species

Two new species of Juncus from South America are described, illustrated, and a key is provided to separate the two species from related South American species in Juncus sect. Ozophyllum. Juncus andinus is similar to J. ecuadoriensis from Venezuela, Colombia, and Ecuador, but is different in having smaller seeds and conspicuous cataphylls; it is distributed in the Andes from southern Ecuador to southern Peru. Juncus austrobrasiliensis, from Brazil, resembles J. micranthus but differs in having smaller, castaneous flower-heads and capsules with beaks that clearly protrude from the flower; it is distributed in southern Brazil from São Paulo to Santa Catarina.

A new species of Obtusitermes (Isoptera, Termitidae, Nasutitermitinae) from South America

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 1993 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
CAROLINA CUEZZO ◽  
ELIANA M. CANCELLO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Trinidad And Tobago ◽  
Central America ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Southern Central ◽  
Northern South America ◽  
A New Species

Obtusitermes Snyder is a genus endemic to the Neotropics, restricted to northern South America and southern Central America. Obtusitermes panamae Snyder was described from Quipo, Panama. Herein, we describe Obtusitermes formosulus, n. sp., from Venezuela and Trinidad and Tobago, based on the dimorphic soldier and polymorphic worker. These descriptions provide strong evidence that Parvitermes bacchanalis Mathews should not be included in Obtusitermes.

Rubiaceae Americanarum Magna Hama Pars XLVII. New Species and a New Combination for Rudgea in Panama and Western South America (Palicoureeae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 132-151
Author(s):  
Charlotte M. Taylor ◽  
Carla Poleselli Bruniera
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
New Combination ◽  
The Andes ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Southern Ecuador ◽  
Caribbean Area ◽  
Central Panama

Review of specimens of Rudgea Salisb. (Rubiaceae, Palicoureeae) has discovered some species new to science and clarified the identity of one previously described taxon. Here we raise R. viburnoides (Cham.) Benth. subsp. megalocarpa Zappi of the western Amazon basin to species status, as R. megalocarpa (Zappi) Bruniera & C. M. Taylor. We also describe 11 new species found variously from lowland to montane elevations in Panama and western South America: R. barbosae C. M. Taylor from scattered locations on sandstone in Colombia; R. campanana C. M. Taylor from central Panama; R. cardenasii C. M. Taylor from the Caribbean area of northwestern Colombia; R. chocoana C. M. Taylor from the Pacific drainage of western Colombia and northwestern Ecuador; R. elegans C. M. Taylor from sandstone formations in the Andes of central Peru; R. homeieri C. M. Taylor from the Andean slopes of central Ecuador; R. inflata C. M. Taylor from the northwestern Amazon basin in Colombia and Brazil; R. retiniphylloides C. M. Taylor from northern to north-central Colombia; R. sanluisensis C. M. Taylor & Cogollo from the lower Río Magdalena valley of northern Colombia; R. suberosa C. M. Taylor & Bruniera from cloud forest and pajonal in the Andes from southern Ecuador through southern Peru; and R. zappiae C. M. Taylor & Bruniera from central western Ecuador.

Rubiacearum Americanarum Magna Hama Pars XLIV: Review of the Palicourea pilosa Group, With Some New Species and a New Subspecies (Palicoureeae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-130
Author(s):  
Charlotte M. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Ongoing Study ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
New Subspecies ◽  
Neotropical Species ◽  
Southern Central ◽  
New Nomenclatural Combinations ◽  
Made In

Palicourea Aubl. (Rubiaceae) comprises a large group of Neotropical species, many of which were previously classified in Psychotria L. subg. Heteropsychotria Steyerm. Ongoing study of those species here clarifies the identity of Palicourea pilosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Borhidi, Palicourea hazenii (Standl.) Borhidi, and several similar species, and classifies them all in Palicourea subg. Montanae C. M. Taylor sect. Montanae ser. 4 subser. f. Twenty-five species found from southern Central America through western South America are studied here. The circumscription of Palicourea pilosa is narrowed, four new nomenclatural combinations are made in Palicourea, and 10 new species and one new subspecies are described.

scholarly journals Barcoding the species of Pleurothallis subsection Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae

Lankesteriana ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Wilson
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Biodiversity Assessment ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Colorado College ◽  
Private Collection ◽  
Private Collections ◽  
The U.S

The long-term goal of this project is to have a genetic “barcode” for the described species in Pleurothallis subsection Macrophyllae-Fasciculatae (syn. Acronia Luer) to facilitate identification, recognition of new species, biodiversity assessment, and conservation of this genus in Mesoamerica and the Andes. To this end, a living collection is being assembled at Colorado College with plants from commercial operations in South America (Ecuagenera; Colomborquídeas; Orquídeas del Valle) and the U.S. (Andy’s Orchids; Hanging Gardens; J & L Orchids); and private collections in the U.S. (O’Shaughnessy). As these plants flower and identities are confirmed, photos are taken; in the future, herbarium sheets will be prepared and flowers preserved in spirits. For some species, or from some locations such as Central America (private collection of Archila), only leaf samples have been obtained. Between living plants and leaf samples ~100 different species have been assembled, which is approximately 46% of the described species. A genetic barcode for this subsection of Pleurothallis will likely consist of three sequences. While only nrITS has been sequenced for these plants so far, the chloroplast sequences rpoB2, rpoC1, and the 3’ and 5’ ends of ycf1 are currently being investigated to determine which provide greatest variability, perhaps to combine with matK or trnH-psbA as per the CBOL Plant Working Group. 

scholarly journals Páramo Calamagrostis s.l. (Poaceae): An updated list and key to the species known or likely to occur in páramos of NW South America and southern Central America including two new species, one new variety and five new records for Colombia

PhytoKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
pp. 29-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven P. Sylvester ◽  
Robert J. Soreng ◽  
William J. Bravo-Pedraza ◽  
Lia E. Cuta-Alarcon ◽  
Diego Giraldo-Cañas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Sierra Nevada ◽  
New Records ◽  
Common Species ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Southern Central

Calamagrostis (syn. Deyeuxia), as traditionally circumscribed, is one of the most speciose genera from páramo grasslands of northwest South America and southern Central America and often dominates these high-elevation habitats. However, it remains difficult for researchers to accurately identify the species due to a lack of floristic treatments for most of the countries containing páramo, with the distribution of many species still very poorly known. In an effort to ameliorate this, we present an updated list and identification keys in English and Spanish (as electronic appendix) to the species of Calamagrostis s.l. known or likely to occur in the páramos of Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Costa Rica and Panama. Fifty-four species are accepted, constituting 47 species currently circumscribed in Calamagrostis and seven species recently transferred to Deschampsia. Included within this are two new species, Calamagrostiscrispifolius and Deschampsiasantamartensis, which are described and illustrated. Both new species are found in páramos of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (departamento Magdalena), on the northernmost tip of Colombia, with C.crispifolius also found in the Serrania de Perija on the border with Venezuela. Calamagrostiscrispifolius differs from all other species of Calamagrostis s.l. by the presence of strongly curled, readily deciduous leaf blades, amongst numerous other characteristics including open inflorescences with generally patent branches, small spikelets, (3.5–)4–5.5 mm long, with sessile florets and a rachilla prolongation reaching from 2/3 to almost the apex of the lemma, with short hairs (< 1 mm long). Deschampsiasantamartensis is similar to Deschampsiahackelii (=Calamagrostishackelii) from austral South America but differs by its broad, rigid and erect, strongly conduplicate blades, 1.5–2.5 mm wide when folded, ligules of innovations 0.5–1 mm long, truncate or obtuse, ligules of upper flowering culms 3–4 mm long, broadly shouldered with an attenuate central point, ellipsoid spike-like panicle, 3–5.5 long × 1.5–2.5 cm wide, lemma surfaces moderately to lightly scabrous between the veins, lemma apex acute to muticous, entire, rachilla extension often absent and inside of the floret often with hyaline shiny sinuous trichomes to 1 mm long, emerging from the base of the ovary. We also present a broader circumscription of the common species Deschampsiapodophora (=Calamagrostispodophora), with the new variety D.podophoravar.mutica described and illustrated. Deschampsiapodophoravar.mutica principally differs from var. podophora by florets lacking awns and larger habit i.e. multiple taller culms with longer and wider leaf blades forming tussocks, with inflorescences often held within sheaths. Nomenclatural changes are presented, with Deyeuxiamacrostachya newly synonymised under C.macrophylla and C.pittieri, C.pubescens and Deyeuxiapubescens newly synonimised under C.planifolia. Lectotypes are designated for Agrostisantoniana, Calamagrostispisinna, Deyeuxiamacrostachya and Deyeuxiasodiroana. We also document and give notes on five new records of Calamagrostis for Colombia: C.carchiensis, C.guamanensis, C.heterophylla, C.pisinna and C.rigida.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document