scholarly journals Application of Interactive Video Games as Rehabilitation Tools to Improve Postural Control and Risk of Falls in Prefrail Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Hammad S. Alhasan ◽  
Patrick C. Wheeler ◽  
Daniel T. P. Fong
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Interactive Video ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Balance Scale ◽  
Risk Of Falls

The purpose of this study was to examine whether interactive video game (IVG) training is an effective way to improve postural control outcomes and decrease the risk of falls. A convenience sample of 12 prefrail older adults were recruited and divided into two groups: intervention group performed IVG training for 40 minutes, twice per week, for a total of 16 sessions. The control group received no intervention and continued their usual activity. Outcome measures were centre of pressure (COP), mean velocity, sway area, and sway path. Secondary outcomes were Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up and Go (TUG), Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I), and Activities-Specific Balance Confidence (ABC). Assessment was conducted with preintervention (week zero) and postintervention (week eight). The intervention group showed significant improvement in mean velocity, sway area, Berg Balance Scale, and TUG (p<0.01) compared to the control group. However, no significant improvement was observed for sway path (p=0.35), FES-I (p=0.383), and ABC (p=0.283). This study showed that IVG training led to significant improvements in postural control but not for risk of falls.

scholarly journals Toe Clearance Rehabilitative Slippers for Older Adults With Fall Risk: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 215145932110291
Author(s):  
Atsuko Satoh ◽  
Yukoh Kudoh ◽  
Sangun Lee ◽  
Masumi Saitoh ◽  
Miwa Miura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mobility Assessment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Day Services ◽  
And Control

Introduction: To evaluate fall-prevention rehabilitative slippers for use by self-caring, independent older adults. Materials and Methods: This assessor-blinded, randomized, and controlled 1-year study included 59 self-caring, independent participants (49 women) who attended day services. The mean age of participants was 84.0 ± 5.3 years. Participants were randomly selected from 8 nursing homes. We tested slippers top-weighted with a lead bead (200, 300, or 400 g). Intervention group participants walked while wearing the slippers for 10-20 min, 1-3 days/week at the day service center. Fall risk was measured using the Berg Balance Scale and the Tinetti Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA) before and at 3-month intervals after the intervention/control phase. Results: After 12 months, the intervention group demonstrated significant improvement. Berg Balance and POMA compared to the control group ( p < .05 p < .01, respectively). Mobility scores improved significantly for both measurements in the intervention group before and after ( p < .01), but the control group had significantly lower scores. Discussion: Overall, falls decreased in the intervention group from 10 to 7, and control group falls increased from 9 to 16 ( p = .02). No adverse events related to the intervention were reported. Conclusions: Rehabilitation training slippers may reduce falls in older adults.

scholarly journals Influence of the length of institutionalization on older adults' postural balance and risk of falls: a transversal study

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 645-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wagner Oliveira Batista ◽  
Edmundo de Drummond Alves Junior ◽  
Flávia Porto ◽  
Fabio Dutra Pereira ◽  
Rosimere Ferreira Santana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Postural Balance ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Clinical Tests ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Elliptical Area ◽  
Professional Model ◽  
Transversal Study

OBJECTIVE: to ascertain the influence of the length of institutionalization on older adults' balance and risk of falls.METHOD: to evaluate the risk of falls, the Berg Balance Scale and the Timed Get Up and Go test were used; and for measuring postural balance, static stabilometry was used, with acquisition of the elliptical area of 95% and mean velocities on the x and y axes of center of pressure displacement. Parametric and nonparametric measures of association and comparison (α<0.05) were used.RESULTS: there was no significant correlation between the length of institutionalization and the tests for evaluation of risk of falling, neither was there difference between groups and within subgroups, stratified by length of institutionalization and age. In the stabilometric measurements, there was a negative correlation between the parameters analyzed and the length of institutionalization, and difference between groups and within subgroups.CONCLUSION: this study's results point to the difficulty of undertaking postural control tasks, showing a leveling below the clinical tests' reference scores. In the stabilometric behavior, one should note the reduction of the parameters as the length of institutionalization increases, contradicting the assumptions. This study's results offer support for the development of a multi-professional model for intervention with the postural control and balance of older adults living in homes for the aged.

scholarly journals Effects of water aerobics on posture alignment and risk of falls of older adults: an intervention study

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Costa Ibiapina Reis ◽  
Marcos Antônio Pereira dos Santos ◽  
Camila Feitosa da Costa ◽  
Edna Maria Silva Araújo ◽  
Luiz Roberto Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Body Segments ◽  
Experimental Intervention ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Falls In Older Adults

ABSTRACT Considering that aging leads to losses in postural control and balance, our objective was to analyze the effects of water aerobics on posture alignment and risk of falls in older adults. A quasi-experimental intervention study included 49 older adults in the Intervention Group (IG) and 34 in the Control Group (CG). A plumbed symmetrograph assessed posture alignment, while a Time Up & Go test determined the fall risk. The IG performed water aerobics twice a week for three months. Posture alignment significantly improved in most body segments assessed for the IG, and worsened in the CG. The low risk of falls in the IG increased by 28% in relation to the CG. We concluded that water aerobics improved posture alignment and reduced fall risk in older adults.

The effect of foot orthoses on balance, foot function, and mobility in rheumatoid arthritis: A randomized controlled clinical trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 026921552199331
Author(s):  
Juliana Zonzini Gaino ◽  
Manoel Barros Bértolo ◽  
Caroline Silva Nunes ◽  
Cecília de Morais Barbosa ◽  
Síbila Floriano Landim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Foot Orthoses ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Balance Scale ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Foot Function

Objectives: To compare balance, foot function and mobility in patients with rheumatoid arthritis with and without foot orthoses. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Outpatient rheumatology clinic. Subjects: A total of 94 subjects with rheumatoid arthritis were randomized; of these, 81 were included in the analyses (Intervention group: 40; Control group: 41). Intervention: The Intervention Group received custom-made foot orthoses while the Control Group received none intervention. Main measure: The “Foot Function Index,” the “Berg Balance Scale,” and the “Timed-up-and-go Test” were assessed at baseline an after four weeks. The chosen level of significance was P < 0.05. Results: Average (standard deviation) participant age was 56.7 (±10.6) years old and average disease duration (standard deviation) was 11.4 (± 7.2) years. Groups were similar at baseline, except for comorbidity index and race. After four weeks, significant interaction group versus time was observed for Foot Function Index (change: Intervention group: −1.23 ± 1.58; Control group: −0.12 ± 1.16 – P = 0.0012) and for Berg Balance Scale (change: Intervention group: 2 ± 3; Control group: 0 ± 3 – P = 0.0110), but not for the Timed-up-and-go Test (change: Intervention group: −1.34 ± 1.99; Control group: −0.84 ± 2.29 – P = 0.0799). Conclusion: Foot orthoses improved foot function and balance in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

The effect of balance training on audio–visual integration in older adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (0) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Niamh A. Merriman ◽  
Caroline Whyatt ◽  
Annalisa Setti ◽  
Nicholas Gillian ◽  
William Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intervention Programme ◽  
Visual Integration ◽  
Increased Risk

Although the vestibular system is involved in maintaining balance and posture control, recent studies have provided evidence for a crucial role of other sensory modalities in this task. In older adults, reduced visual capacity, specifically impaired depth perception and contrast sensitivity, has been associated with an increased risk of falls. Moreover, using the auditory-flash illusion (Shams et al., 2000) we recently reported that auditory–visual perception is less efficient in fall-prone older adults than in their age-matched counterparts (Setti et al., 2011) and that susceptibility increases with ageing. The aim of this study was to investigate whether balance training is associated with changes in how efficiently auditory and visual information is integrated in older adults. We tested 58 older (65+ years) adults, half of whom took part in a balance training intervention programme over a series of 5 weeks and half of whom were controls. Pre- and post-training measures of balance control (e.g., Berg Balance Scale) and movement-based signals (e.g., displacement of centre of pressure) across groups suggested that the intervention was successful in improving overall balance control. Furthermore, we found that susceptibility to the auditory-flash illusion did not increase for the intervention group, but did increase in the control group over time. Furthermore, following balance training our data suggest that audio–visual integration becomes relatively more efficient in fall-prone than in non-fall prone older adults. Our findings suggest important links between balance control and multisensory interactions in the ageing brain.

scholarly journals Feldenkrais Method Balance Classes Improve Balance in Older Adults: A Controlled Trial

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karol A. Connors ◽  
Mary P. Galea ◽  
Catherine M. Said
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Feldenkrais Method

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Feldenkrais Method balance classes on balance and mobility in older adults. This was a prospective non-randomized controlled study with pre/post measures. The setting for this study was the general community. A convenience sample of 26 community-dwelling older adults (median age 75 years) attending Feldenkrais Method balance classes formed the Intervention group. Thirty-seven volunteers were recruited for the Control group (median age 76.5 years). A series of Feldenkrais Method balance classes (the 33312Getting Grounded Gracefully33313 series), two classes per week for 10 weeks, were conducted. Main outcome measures were Activities-Specific Balance Confidence (ABC) questionnaire, Four Square Step Test (FSST), self-selected gait speed (using GAITRite instrumented gait mat). At re-testing, the Intervention group showed significant improvement on all of the measures (ABC,P= .016, FSST,P= .001, gait speed,P< .001). The Control group improved significantly on one measure (FSST,P< .001). Compared to the Control group, the Intervention group made a significant improvement in their ABC score (P= .005), gait speed (P= .017) and FSST time (P= .022). These findings suggest that Feldenkrais Method balance classes may improve mobility and balance in older adults.

Effects of Teaching Resourcefulness in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 019394592110207
Author(s):  
Min Wen ◽  
Yaqin Liang ◽  
Qianqian Shen ◽  
Juping Yu ◽  
Pingping He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Cluster Randomized ◽  
And Coping

This cluster randomized controlled trial aimed to investigate the effects of an intervention to teach resourcefulness on depression and coping style of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). A convenience sample of 72 patients in community settings took part. Participants in the intervention group (n = 36) received an 8-week intervention based on the concept of resourcefulness, plus routine health education. Participants in the control group (n = 36) received routine health education only. After the intervention, participants in the intervention group had significantly higher scores on resourcefulness and coping styles, and lower scores on depression than those in the control group (both ps < .001). The findings suggest that a well-developed intervention to teach resourcefulness could help patients with CHD to be more resourceful, improve their level of depression, and choose more effective strategies to cope with stress.

scholarly journals Short-term balance training and acute effects on postural sway in balance-deficient older adults: a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niklas Sörlén ◽  
Andreas Hult ◽  
Peter Nordström ◽  
Anna Nordström ◽  
Jonas Johansson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Balance Exercise

Abstract Background We aimed to determine the effectiveness of 4 weeks of balance exercise compared with no intervention on objectively measured postural sway. Methods This was a single-center parallel randomized controlled, open label, trial. A six-sided dice was used for allocation at a 1:1-ratio between exercise and control. The trial was performed at a university hospital clinic in Sweden and recruited community-dwelling older adults with documented postural instability. The intervention consisted of progressively challenging balance exercise three times per week, during 4 weeks, with follow-up at week five. Main outcome measures were objective postural sway length during eyes open and eyes closed conditions. Results Sixty-five participants aged 70 years (balance exercise n = 32; no intervention n = 33) were randomized. 14 participants were excluded from analysis because of early dropout before follow-up at week five, leaving 51 (n = 22; n = 29) participants for analysis. No significant differences were detected between the groups in any of the postural sway outcomes. Within-group analyses showed significant improvements in hand grip strength for the intervention group, while Timed Up & Go improvements were comparable between groups but only statistically significant in the control group. Conclusions Performing balance exercise over a four-week intervention period did not acutely improve postural sway in balance-deficient older adults. The lower limit in duration and frequency to achieve positive effects remains unclear. Trial registration Clinical trials NCT03227666, July 24, 2017, retrospectively registered.

scholarly journals Effects of Self RehAbilitation Video Exercises (SAVE) on Functional Restorations in Patients with Subacute Stroke

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 565
Author(s):  
Seung-Hwan Jung ◽  
Eunhee Park ◽  
Ju-Hyun Kim ◽  
Bi-Ang Park ◽  
Ja-Won Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Early Recovery ◽  
Subacute Stroke ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
State Examination

Background: Additional exercise therapy has been shown to positively affect acute stroke rehabilitation, which requires an effective method to deliver increased exercise. In this study, we designed a 4-week caregiver-supervised self-exercise program with videos, named “Self rehAbilitation Video Exercises (SAVE)”, to improve the functional outcomes and facilitate early recovery by increasing the continuity of rehabilitation therapy after acute stroke. Methods: This study is a non-randomized trial. Eighty-eight patients were included in an intervention group (SAVE group), who received conventional rehabilitation therapies and an additional self-rehabilitation session by watching bedside exercise videos and continued their own exercises in their rooms for 60 min every day for 4 weeks. Ninety-six patients were included in a control group, who received only conventional rehabilitation therapies. After 4 weeks of hospitalization, both groups assessed several outcome measurements, including the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Modified Barthel Index (MBI), physical component summary (PCS) and the mental component summary of the Short-Form Survey 36 (SF-36), Mini-Mental State Examination, and Beck Depression Inventory. Results: Differences in BBS, MBI, and PCS components in SF-36 were more statistically significant in the SAVE group than that in the control group (p < 0.05). Patients in the SAVE group showed more significant improvement in BBS, MBI, and PCS components in SF-36 as compared to that in the control group. Conclusions: This evidence-based SAVE intervention can optimize patient recovery after a subacute stroke while keeping the available resources in mind.

scholarly journals Effect of isometric exercises on the masseter muscle in older adults with missing dentition: a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoru Takano ◽  
Kohei Yamaguchi ◽  
Kazuharu Nakagawa ◽  
Kanako Yoshimi ◽  
Ayako Nakane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Masseter Muscle ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Muscle Properties ◽  
Oral Function ◽  
Masticatory Ability

AbstractMaintaining oral function in older individuals with missing teeth is important for leading a healthy and independent life. This study aimed to evaluate whether simple isometric exercises can maintain and improve the oral function [maximum occlusal force (MOF) and masticatory ability (MA)] and the masticatory muscle properties [masseter muscle thickness (MMT) and echo intensity (MMEI)] in older adults during the maintenance phase of removable prosthetic treatment. Participants were randomly categorized into the intervention and control groups. The mouthpieces were distributed, and participants were instructed to use them for exercising. The intervention group was instructed to perform maximum clenching for 10 s, whereas the control group was instructed to tap the teeth at an arbitrary speed for 10 s. Both were repeated five times at an interval of 5 s between each activity and twice daily for 4 weeks. The outcomes were measured after a month of exercise. The intervention group showed a significant improvement in the MOF, MMT during contraction, MMT at rest and MMEI during contraction. There were no significant differences in the MA and MMEI at rest. In the control group, no improvement was observed in any of the parameters. When the isometric exercises were performed using a mouthpiece, there was an improvement in the oral function and masseter muscle properties in older individuals with Eichner B status who used dentures.

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