scholarly journals Emerging fungal infections in immunocompromised patients

10.3410/m3-14 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chian-Yong Low ◽  
Coleman Rotstein
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Immunocompromised Patients ◽  
Emerging Fungal Infections

scholarly journals Diagnosing filamentous fungal infections in immunocompromised patients applying computed tomography-guided percutaneous lung biopsies: a 12-year experience

Infection ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 867-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelia Lass-Flörl ◽  
Maria Aigner ◽  
David Nachbaur ◽  
Stephan Eschertzhuber ◽  
Brigitte Bucher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Immunocompromised Patients ◽  
Lung Biopsies

Emerging Fungal Infections

2009 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
Marcia Garnica ◽  
Marcio Nucci
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Emerging Fungal Infections

scholarly journals In vivo Active Organometallic-containing Antimycotic Agents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Rubbiani ◽  
Tobias Weil ◽  
Noemi Tocci ◽  
Luciano Mastrobuoni ◽  
Severin Jeger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Care Home ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Immunocompromised Patients ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Global Problem

Fungal infections represent a global problem, notably for immunocompromised, patients in hospital, covid-19 patient wards and care home settings, and the ever-increasing emergence of multidrug resistant fungal strains is a...

scholarly journals CD137 Signaling is Critical in Fungal Clearance During Systemic Candida albicans Infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vu Vi Giang Tran ◽  
Zen Na Nu Nguyen ◽  
Byungsuk Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Immunocompromised Patients ◽  
Agonistic Antibody ◽  
Innate Defense ◽  
Surface Receptor

Invasive fungal infections by Candida albicans frequently cause mortality in immunocompromised patients. Neutrophils are particularly important for fungal clearance at the early phase of infections, yet little has been known regarding which surface receptor controls neutrophil phagocytic activities during systemic C. albicans infection. CD137, which is encoded by Tnfrsf9, belongs to the tumor necrosis receptor superfamily and has been shown to regulate neutrophils in Gram-positive bacterial infection. Here, we used genetic and immunological tools to probe the involvement of CD137 signaling in innate defense mechanisms against systemic C. albicans infection. We first found that Tnfrsf9-/- mice were susceptible to C. albicans infection, whereas injection of anti-CD137 agonistic antibody protected the host from infection, suggesting that CD137 signaling is indispensable for innate immunity against C. albicans infection. Priming of isolated neutrophils with anti-CD137 antibody promoted their phagocytic and fungicidal activities through phospholipase C. In addition, injection of anti-CD137 antibody significantly augmented restriction of fungal growth in Tnfrsf9-/- mice that received WT neutrophils. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that CD137 signaling contributes to defense mechanisms against systemic C. albicans infection by promoting rapid fungal clearance whereby harmful immunopathology-induced tissue injuries are minimalized.

Identification and in Vitro Susceptibility Pattern of Fungal Pathogens in Immunocompromised Patients with invasive Fungal Infections

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-134
Author(s):  
Shaimaa A.S. Selem ◽  
Neveen A. Hassan ◽  
Mohamed Z. Abd El-Rahman ◽  
Doaa M. Abd El-Kareem
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Invasive Fungal Infections ◽  
Immunocompromised Patients ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Vitek 2

Background: In intensive care units, invasive fungal infections have become more common, particularly among immunocompromised patients. Early identification and starting the treatment of those patients with antifungal therapy is critical for preventing unnecessary use of toxic antifungal agents. Objective: The aim of this research is to determine which common fungi cause invasive fungal infection in immunocompromised patients, as well as their antifungal susceptibility patterns in vitro, in Assiut University Hospitals. Methodology: This was a hospital based descriptive study conducted on 120 patients with clinical suspicion of having fungal infections admitted at different Intensive Care Units (ICUs) at Assiut University Hospitals. Direct microscopic examination and inoculation on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) were performed on the collected specimens. Isolated yeasts were classified using phenotypic methods such as chromogenic media (Brilliance Candida agar), germ tube examination, and the Vitek 2 system for certain isolates, while the identification of mould isolates was primarily based on macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. Moulds were tested in vitro for antifungal susceptibility using the disc diffusion, and yeast were tested using Vitek 2 device cards. Results: In this study, 100 out of 120 (83.3%) of the samples were positive for fungal infection. Candida and Aspergillus species were the most commonly isolated fungal pathogens. The isolates had the highest sensitivity to Amphotericin B (95 %), followed by Micafungin (94 %) in an in vitro sensitivity survey. Conclusion: Invasive fungal infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients, with Candida albicans being the most frequently isolated yeast from various clinical specimens; however, the rise in resistance, especially to azoles, is a major concern.

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