Faculty Opinions recommendation of Physical mechanisms redirecting cell polarity and cell shape in fission yeast.

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohan Balasubramanian ◽  
Ramanujam Srinivasan ◽  
Mithilesh Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Fission Yeast ◽  
Cell Polarity ◽  
Cell Shape ◽  
Physical Mechanisms

scholarly journals Physical Mechanisms Redirecting Cell Polarity and Cell Shape in Fission Yeast

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 1748-1753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney R. Terenna ◽  
Tatyana Makushok ◽  
Guilhem Velve-Casquillas ◽  
Damien Baigl ◽  
Yong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fission Yeast ◽  
Cell Polarity ◽  
Cell Shape ◽  
Physical Mechanisms

scholarly journals A novel interplay between GEFs orchestrates Cdc42 activity during cell polarity and cytokinesis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian S. Hercyk ◽  
Julie T. Rich-Robinson ◽  
Ahmad S. Mitoubsi ◽  
Marcus A. Harrell ◽  
Maitreyi E. Das
Keyword(s):  
Fission Yeast ◽  
Cell Polarity ◽  
Cell Separation ◽  
Cell Shape ◽  
Functional Sites ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Division Site ◽  
Summary Statement ◽  
Fine Tune ◽  
Do So

ABSTRACTCdc42, a conserved regulator of cell polarity, is activated by two GEFs, Gef1 and Scd1, in fission yeast. Whilegef1andscd1mutants exhibit distinct phenotypes, how they do so is unclear given that they activate the same GTPase. Using the GEF localization pattern during cytokinesis as a paradigm, we report a novel interplay between Gef1 and Scd1 that spatially modulates Cdc42. We find that Gef1 promotes Scd1 localization to the division site during cytokinesis and to the new end during polarized growth through the recruitment of the scaffold Scd2 via a Cdc42 feedforward pathway. Gef1-mediated Scd1 recruitment at the new end enables the transition from monopolar to bipolar growth. Reciprocally, Scd1 restricts Gef1 localization to prevent ectopic Cdc42 activation during cytokinesis to promote cell separation and during interphase to maintain cell shape. Our findings reveal an elegant regulatory pattern in which Gef1 establishes new sites of Scd1-mediated Cdc42 activity, while Scd1 restricts Gef1 to functional sites. We propose that crosstalk between GEFs is a conserved mechanism that orchestrates Cdc42 activation during complex cellular processes.Summary StatementCdc42 GEFs Gef1 and Scd1 crosstalk to fine-tune Cdc42 activity. This crosstalk promotes bipolar growth and maintains cell shape in fission yeast.

Cell polarity and tissue patterning in plants

Development ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 83-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsvi Sachs
Keyword(s):  
Cell Polarity ◽  
Cell Shape ◽  
Auxin Transport ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Genetic System ◽  
Cell Patterning ◽  
Cell Polarization ◽  
Sources And Sinks ◽  
Tissue Patterning

Cell polarization is the specialization of developmental events along one orientation or one direction. Such polarization must be an early, essential stage of tissue patterning. The specification of orientation could not occur only at the level of the genetic system and it must express a coordination of events in many cells. There is a positive feedback relation between cell polarization and the transport of the known hormone auxin: polarity determines oriented auxin transport while transport itself induces both new and continued polarization. Since cell polarization increases gradually, this feedback leads to the canalization of transport – and of the associated cell differentiation – along defined strands of specialized cells. Recent work has shown that the same canalized flow can also be an important determinant of cell shape. In primordial, embryonic regions cell growth is oriented along the flow of auxin from the shoot towards the root. In later developmental stages the cells respond to the same flow by growing in girth, presumably adjusting the capacity of the tissues to the flow of signals. Finally, disrupted flow near wounds results in the development of relatively unorganized callus. Continued callus development appears to require the participation of the cells, as sources and sinks of auxin and other signals. The overall picture to emerge suggests that cell patterning can result from competition between cells acting as preferred channels, sources and sinks for developmental signals.

scholarly journals Cell Shape and Cell Division in Fission Yeast

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (17) ◽  
pp. R823-R827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthieu Piel ◽  
Phong T. Tran
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Fission Yeast ◽  
Cell Shape

scholarly journals Cell shape and substrate stiffness drive actin-based cell polarity

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukund Gupta ◽  
Bryant L. Doss ◽  
Leyla Kocgozlu ◽  
Meng Pan ◽  
René-Marc Mège ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Polarity ◽  
Cell Shape ◽  
Substrate Stiffness

Microtubule Architectural Dynamics Determine Cell Shape and Cell Division Site in Fission Yeast

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (S02) ◽  
pp. 162-163
Author(s):  
Isabelle Loiodice ◽  
Marcel E. Janson ◽  
Jamye Staub ◽  
Thanuja Gangi-Setty ◽  
Nam P. Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Fission Yeast ◽  
Cell Shape ◽  
Division Site

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.

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