Holocene Paleoecology and Prehistory in Highland Southern Arabia

Paléorient ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joy McCorriston ◽  
E.A. Oches ◽  
D.E. Walter ◽  
K.l. Cole
Keyword(s):  
Southern Arabia ◽  
Holocene Paleoecology

scholarly journals Islands in the desert: environmental distribution modelling of endemic flora reveals the extent of Pleistocene tropical relict vegetation in southern Arabia

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
James S Borrell ◽  
Ghudaina Al Issaey ◽  
Darach A Lupton ◽  
Thomas Starnes ◽  
Abdulrahman Al Hinai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Endemic Plants ◽  
Environmental Niche ◽  
Environmental Distribution ◽  
Southern Arabia ◽  
Endemic Flora

AbstractBackground and AimsSouthern Arabia is a global biodiversity hotspot with a high proportion of endemic desert-adapted plants. Here we examine evidence for a Pleistocene climate refugium in the southern Central Desert of Oman, and its role in driving biogeographical patterns of endemism.MethodsDistribution data for seven narrow-range endemic plants were collected systematically across 195 quadrats, together with incidental and historic records. Important environmental variables relevant to arid coastal areas, including night-time fog and cloud cover, were developed for the study area. Environmental niche models using presence/absence data were built and tuned for each species, and spatial overlap was examined.Key ResultsA region of the Jiddat Al Arkad reported independent high model suitability for all species. Examination of environmental data across southern Oman indicates that the Jiddat Al Arkad displays a regionally unique climate with higher intra-annual stability, due in part to the influence of the southern monsoon. Despite this, the relative importance of environmental variables was highly differentiated among species, suggesting that characteristic variables such as coastal fog are not major cross-species predictors at this scale.ConclusionsThe co-occurrence of a high number of endemic study species within a narrow monsoon-influenced region is indicative of a refugium with low climate change velocity. Combined with climate analysis, our findings provide strong evidence for a southern Arabian Pleistocene refugium in Oman’s Central Desert. We suggest that this refugium has acted as an isolated temperate and mesic island in the desert, resulting in the evolution of these narrow-range endemic flora. Based on the composition of species, this system may represent the northernmost remnant of a continuous belt of mesic vegetation formerly ranging from Africa to Asia, with close links to the flora of East Africa. This has significant implications for future conservation of endemic plants in an arid biodiversity hotspot.

Charophytes of the Sultanate of Oman, Southern Arabia

Nova Hedwigia ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 429-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed I. Hussain ◽  
Reginald Victor ◽  
Talat M. Khoja
Keyword(s):  
Sultanate Of Oman ◽  
Southern Arabia

Some Irrigation Systems in ḥaḍramawt

1964 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Serjeant
Keyword(s):  
Daily Life ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Technical Vocabulary ◽  
Southern Arabia ◽  
The Village

How deeply questions of irrigation affect the daily life of the peoples of southern Arabia was first impressed upon me when the summer floods came down to am-Fajarah in Ṣubaiḥī country lying west of Aden, where I happened to be stationed at the time. The villagers turned out to argue, with some violence, over the distribution of the flood-waters. It was, however, as Shaikh Durain, a Lahej official with us in the village, pointed out, without weapons that the villagers had come to the fray, and though the women stood behind, disputing the issue no less fiercely than.the men, egging them on, so that all would doubtless have come to blows, men and women alike, there would have been no stabbings or shootings. Shaikh Durain cynically implied that there was more of sound than fury in the rencontre, but of course this is not always so, and disputes arising over rights to the use of water can lead to blood-feuds. Since those days I have made some investigation into irrigation and its wealth of technical vocabulary in various parts of the Aden Protectorate, studying some systems in more or less detail, especially those near Mūdiyah village in Dathīnah.

Field-Studies in Southern Arabia

1995 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.B. Piotrovskij ◽  
A.V. Sedov
Keyword(s):  
Field Studies ◽  
Southern Arabia

Southern Arabia

2019 ◽  
pp. 187-200
Author(s):  
Herbert K. Tillema
Keyword(s):  
Southern Arabia
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