A system of semantic equivalence in specialized discourse

Équivalences ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Charles Duch ◽  
William Frawley
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Equivalence

Semantic Conflict Processing in the Color-Word Stroop and the Emotional Stroop

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 149-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Montserrat Zurrón ◽  
Marta Ramos-Goicoa ◽  
Fernando Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Stroop Task ◽  
Color Word ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
Emotional Stroop ◽  
Semantic Equivalence ◽  
Incongruent Color ◽  
Semantic Conflict ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Temporal Locus

With the aim of establishing the temporal locus of the semantic conflict in color-word Stroop and emotional Stroop phenomena, we analyzed the Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) elicited by nonwords, incongruent and congruent color words, colored words with positive and negative emotional valence, and colored words with neutral valence. The incongruent, positive, negative, and neutral stimuli produced interference in the behavioral response to the color of the stimuli. The P150/N170 amplitude was sensitive to the semantic equivalence of both dimensions of the congruent color words. The P3b amplitude was smaller in response to incongruent color words and to positive, negative, and neutral colored words than in response to the congruent color words and colored nonwords. There were no differences in the ERPs induced in response to colored words with positive, negative, and neutral valence. Therefore, the P3b amplitude was sensitive to interference from the semantic content of the incongruent, positive, negative, and neutral words in the color-response task, independently of the emotional content of the colored words. In addition, the P3b amplitude was smaller in response to colored words with positive, negative, and neutral valence than in response to the incongruent color words. Overall, these data indicate that the temporal locus of the semantic conflict generated by the incongruent color words (in the color-word Stroop task) and by colored words with positive, negative, and neutral valence (in the emotional Stroop task) appears to occur in the range 300–450 ms post-stimulus.

Equivalência semântica da versão em português do instrumento Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale (MSAS) para avaliar sintomas em pacientes oncológicos

1969 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Fernandes Da Rocha ◽  
Monique da Silva Carvalho ◽  
Ana Amélia Moraes de Lacerda ◽  
Áila Ferreira Vizeu Viana ◽  
Raquel de Souza Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Symptom Assessment ◽  
Assessment Scale ◽  
Semantic Equivalence ◽  
Portuguese Version ◽  
Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale ◽  
Symptom Assessment Scale

Semantic equivalence of the Portuguese version ofthe Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale (MSAS) to evaluate symptoms in cancer patients

On the semantic equivalence of language syntax formalisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 840 ◽  
pp. 234-248
Author(s):  
Samuele Buro ◽  
Isabella Mastroeni
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Equivalence

Metaphoric proverbs in efl learners’ translation

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadia Belkhir
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
First Language ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Semantic Equivalence ◽  
Translation Strategies ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Literal Translation ◽  
Adequate Method

Abstract Metaphoric proverbs represent interesting cultural instances of conventional metaphors (Belkhir 2014, 2012). The ubiquity of metaphoric proverbs in language and the problems this phenomenon causes in translation is an issue that requires close attention. Translation aims at providing semantic equivalence between two languages. According to Vinay and Darbelnet (1995), equivalence constitutes the adequate method that should be used by translators when dealing with proverbs. However, no translator can provide perfect translation of a source text due to cultural specificities. The present paper offers a modest report of an experimental study conducted with a group of efl students who have been taught translation as a subject in a higher education context (Mouloud Mammeri University). A set of English proverbs has been collected to build up the experiment that was administered to the subjects who were asked to translate them into Arabic, then into their first language, Kabyle. The question raised is whether these students are able to translate the proverbs appropriately. The study aims (1) to investigate translation strategies used by efl learners; and (2) to show how leaners’ L1 (Kabyle) and L2 (Arabic) interfere in the translation of English proverbs. The results showed that the more the students were acquainted with proverbs, the more they used equivalence in their translation. Similarly, the lesser they were acquainted with proverbs, the more they used literal translation or paraphrase. In addition, some translations provided by the participants revealed the presence of language interference.

scholarly journals Adaptive Semantic Tag Mining from Heterogeneous Clinical Research Texts

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (02) ◽  
pp. 164-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Hao ◽  
C. Weng
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Semantic Equivalence ◽  
Clinical Text ◽  
Mining Algorithm ◽  
Prevalence Trends ◽  
Trial Protocols ◽  
Mining Methods ◽  
Frequency Threshold

SummaryObjectives: To develop an adaptive approach to mine frequent semantic tags (FSTs) from heterogeneous clinical research texts.Methods: We develop a “plug-n-play” framework that integrates replaceable un-supervised kernel algorithms with formatting, functional, and utility wrappers for FST mining. Temporal information identification and semantic equivalence detection were two example functional wrappers. We first compared this approach’s recall and efficiency for mining FSTs from ClinicalTrials.gov to that of a recently published tag-mining algorithm. Then we assessed this approach’s adaptability to two other types of clinical research texts: clinical data requests and clinical trial protocols, by comparing the prevalence trends of FSTs across three texts.Results: Our approach increased the average recall and speed by 12.8% and 47.02% respectively upon the baseline when mining FSTs from ClinicalTrials.gov, and maintained an overlap in relevant FSTs with the baseline ranging between 76.9% and 100% for varying FST frequency thresholds. The FSTs saturated when the data size reached 200 documents. Consistent trends in the prevalence of FST were observed across the three texts as the data size or frequency threshold changed.Conclusions: This paper contributes an adaptive tag-mining framework that is scalable and adaptable without sacrificing its recall. This component-based architectural design can be potentially generalizable to improve the adaptability of other clinical text mining methods.

scholarly journals Brazilian Portuguese translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and apparent validation of the Trauma and Attachment Belief Scale

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alcina Juliana Soares Barros ◽  
Stefania Pigatto Teche ◽  
Aline Rodrigues ◽  
Charlie Severo ◽  
Raquel Saldanha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Semantic Equivalence ◽  
Verbal Comprehension ◽  
Cross Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha ◽  
Belief Scale ◽  
Numeric Scale

Abstract Objective This article concerns the translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and apparent validation of the Trauma and Attachment Belief Scale (TABS), an instrument used to assess the psychological effects of traumatic life experiences and vicarious trauma. Methods This study involved literature review and evaluation of conceptual and item equivalences involving expert discussion groups focused on the existence and pertinence of the underlying theoretical concepts and corresponding items in a Brazilian context. Two translations and respective back-translations were performed during the evaluation of semantic equivalence, as well as an evaluation considering the referential and general equivalences between the original TABS and each version. Twenty-eight psychiatrists and psychologists completed a pretest. The final version was tested for reliability through the Cronbach’s alpha and for verbal comprehension through the adapted verbal-numeric scale (ranging from 0 [I didn’t understand anything] to 5 [I understood perfectly and I had no doubt]) in another 64 health professionals. Results The cross-cultural adaptation demonstrated high semantic equivalence for both the general (>95.0%) and the referential (>90.0%) meaning. The total Cronbach’s alpha was 0.9173. All 84 items were maintained, and they favorably contributed to the internal consistency of the scale. The mean values of the adapted verbal-numeric scale for verbal comprehension obtained from health professionals varied from 4.2 to 4.9. Conclusion The Brazilian version of the TABS demonstrated high-quality conceptual, item, and semantic equivalence with the original instrument, as well as high acceptability, internal consistency, and verbal comprehension. The scale is now available for use.

scholarly journals The Interlinking Theorization of Management Concepts: Cohesion and Semantic Equivalence in Management Knowledge

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 1284-1310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus A. Höllerer ◽  
Dennis Jancsary ◽  
Vitaliano Barberio ◽  
Renate E. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Semantic Network ◽  
The Other ◽  
Network Approach ◽  
Semantic Equivalence ◽  
Management Knowledge ◽  
Management Concepts ◽  
The One ◽  
General Business

This article develops the idea of ‘interlinking theorization’ in the context of management knowledge. We explain how management concepts are theorized through their direct co-occurrence with other management concepts, on the one hand, and their embeddedness in general business vocabulary, on the other. Conceptually, we extend a semantic network approach to vocabularies and suggest both cohesion between management concepts (i.e. a clustering in bundles) and their semantic equivalence (i.e. similar patterns of connectivity to general business vocabulary indicating specific types) as core dimensions of interlinking theorization. Empirically, we illustrate and further develop our conceptual model with data collected from magazines targeting management practitioners in the Austrian public sector. Our article contributes to existing literature by extending theorization to include different kinds of relationships between management concepts and focusing on direct and indirect relations across populations of management concepts as characteristics of the overall ‘architecture’ of management knowledge.

scholarly journals Chinese Adversative Bèi Passive and Its English Translations in Literary Texts

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
AWEJ for Translation & Literary Studies ◽  
Lester Zixian LIU
Keyword(s):  
English Translation ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Semantic Equivalence ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Passive Construction ◽  
Narrative Perspective ◽  
English Translations

This research aims at finding the commonalities and distinctive features of translating bèi (被) passive into English in the context of literary texts and investigating different approaches translators adopt. Twelve English translation in the Spring 2015 edition of Pathlight will be analyzed as a way to develop translation resources. The main approaches to translation are: (1) retaining the original passive sentences and/or passive construction, (2) changing to corresponding active sentences, (3) changing into active sentences with the same narrative perspective, and (4) paraphrasing the original passives. Translation of adversative bèi passive sentences is evaluated from the perspectives of semantic equivalence and aesthetic effect in order to investigate whether they effectively and successfully express the original adversative meaning and represent the original aesthetic effect. Reasons for ineffective and unsuccessful semantic equivalence are analyzed, that include translators failing to recognize the adversative expression of bèi passive, and not paying sufficient attention to preserving the original lexical terms which express the adversative connotation and present the literary effect and adversative resultative compounds in bèi passive.

scholarly journals Analysis of Speech-Sign Semantic Equivalence in Simultaneous Communication in Kenya

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Adoyo Peter Oracha
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Deaf Children ◽  
Classroom Communication ◽  
Semantic Equivalence ◽  
Profound Deafness ◽  
Total Communication ◽  
Teachers Of The Deaf ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Oral Approach

<p><em>Effective communication between teacher and pupil is a requisite factor for educational attainment. For the deaf, ineffective communication is a major problem especially when onset of profound deafness takes places at an early age before language is acquired. At school, the language of classroom communication not only affects the child’s development but also influences ability to learn other curriculum contents. Pointing out reasons for failure by deaf children to compete favorably with their hearing peers, Johnson et al (1989) has indicated that the central problem on deaf education is embedded in the lack of an appropriate language of classroom communication. </em></p><p><em>For a long time education for the deaf was conducted through the oral approach. It was later realized that this oral approach did not avail curriculum content to the deaf learners. In the 1980’s Total Communication arose as one of the solutions. According to Adoyo (2004), Total Communication was misunderstood for Simultaneous Communication, a communication system in which speech and sign are produced at the same time (Lane, Hoffmister &amp; Bahan, 1996).  Although SC has been used in Kenya for all these years, it has not produced the predicated large-scale improvement. </em></p><p><em>In this study, an attempt was made to establish the capacity of SC to enhance understanding and to facilitate information processing. The investigation was carried out through an examination of the extent to which the spoken and signed messages were equivalent in meaning. The research question was: To what extent do teachers of the deaf maintain one-one, sign to-voice ratio during Simultaneous Communication transmission and to what degree is the spoken and signed message equivalent semantically?</em></p>

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