Othello : white skin, black masks

Abstract European women dominate images of beauty, presumably because Europe has dominated the world for the past few centuries. Yet this presumed cause poorly explains “white slavery”—the commodification of European women for export at a time when their continent was much less dominant. Actually, there has long been a cross-cultural preference for lighter-skinned women, with the notable exception of modern Western culture. This cultural norm mirrors a physical norm: skin sexually differentiates at puberty, becoming fairer in girls, and browner and ruddier in boys. Europeans are also distinguished by a palette of hair and eye colors that likewise differs between the sexes, with women more often having the brighter hues. In general, the European phenotype, especially its brightly colored features, seems to be due to a selection pressure that targeted women, apparently sexual selection. Female beauty is thus a product of social relations, but not solely those of recent times.

Download Full-text

Factors associated with the quality of prenatal care: an approach to premature birth

Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP ◽

10.1590/s0080-623420150000400002 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 0540-0549 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Emiliana Cristina Melo ◽

Rosana Rosseto de Oliveira ◽

Thais Aidar de Freitas Mathias

Keyword(s):

Prenatal Care ◽

Skin Color ◽

Unplanned Pregnancy ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Evaluation Criteria ◽

Care Quality ◽

White Skin ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Term Births

OBJECTIVETo assess the quality of prenatal care in mothers with premature and term births and identify maternal and gestational factors associated with inadequate prenatal care.METHODCross-sectional study collecting data with the pregnant card, hospital records and interviews with mothers living in Maringa-PR. Data were collected from 576 mothers and their born alive infants who were attended in the public service from October 2013 to February 2014, using three different evaluation criteria. The association of prenatal care quality with prematurity was performed by univariate analysis and occurred only at Kessner criteria (CI=1.79;8.02).RESULTSThe indicators that contributed most to the inadequacy of prenatal care were tests of hemoglobin, urine, and fetal presentation. After logistic regression analysis, maternal and gestational variables associated to inadequate prenatal care were combined prenatal (CI=2.93;11.09), non-white skin color (CI=1.11;2.51); unplanned pregnancy (CI=1.34;3.17) and multiparity (CI=1.17;4.03).CONCLUSIONPrenatal care must follow the minimum recommended protocols, more attention is required to black and brown women, multiparous and with unplanned pregnancies to prevent preterm birth and maternal and child morbimortality.

Download Full-text

White Skin as a Social and Cultural Capital in Asia and Its Economic Markets

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.2973408 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Deborah Rodrigo-Caldeira

Keyword(s):

Cultural Capital ◽

White Skin ◽

Social And Cultural Capital ◽

Economic Markets

Download Full-text

Prática de atividade física no lazer e fatores associados em frequentadores de academias ao ar Livre

Brazilian Journal of Kinanthropometry and Human Performance ◽

10.5007/1980-0037.2017v19n2p185 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 185 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marcelo Cozzensa da Silva ◽

Alice Meyer Iepsen ◽

Eduardo Lucia Caputo ◽

Patrícia Becker Engers ◽

Carla Francieli Spohr ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Skin Color ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Leisure Time ◽

International Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽

Health Perception ◽

Physical Education Teacher ◽

White Skin ◽

Leisure Physical Activity ◽

Activity Questionnaire

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2017v19n2p185 Fitness zones (FZ) are a great alternative to physical activity practice. The aim of this study was verify physical activity practice and associated factors among FZ users of Pelotas. Participants answered a questionnaire containing demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral, health and on the use of FZs. A long version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to determine the level of physical activity and those who reported at least 150 minutes / week of PA in the leisure time were considered sufficiently active. The study included 323 subjects (65.3% women), mean age 52.5 years, 83.6% white skin color and 61.9% married. Almost half of respondents were overweight (48.0%), 45.8% had high blood pressure, 10.5% had diabetes and 64.4% used medications. About 77.7% of respondents were classified as sufficiently active. Health perception was associated to leisure physical activity, and the better the health perception, the higher the prevalence of sufficient physical activity. Collective programs with participation of Physical Education teacher can contribute to interaction of practitione with the use of fitness zones and increase the level of physical activity of individuals.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of sclerotherapy with different dilutions of ethanolamine oleate in the treatment of oral varicose veins

RGO - Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia ◽

10.1590/1981-863720210004320200090 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 69 ◽

Author(s):

Bianca Montes MORAES ◽

Mariana Marinho ARÊDES ◽

Cristiano Magalhães Moura VILAÇA ◽

Maria Carolina de Lima Jacy Monteiro BARKI ◽

Juliana Tristão WERNECK ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Data ◽

Drug Concentration ◽

Buccal Mucosa ◽

Skin Color ◽

Varicose Veins ◽

Ethanolamine Oleate ◽

White Skin ◽

Lower Lip ◽

Final Volume ◽

Effective Option

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aim to evaluate the effectiveness of sclerotherapy protocols with different dilutions of ethanolamine oleate in the treatment of oral varicose veins. Methods: Clinical data and images of 14 cases treated with sclerotherapy were analyzed and descriptive analyses were performed. Results: Females (58%) and white skin color (83%) prevailed. Age varied between 14 and 79 years, with 47 years on mean (SD = 19 years). The most common anatomical locations were the buccal mucosa and lower lip. The final volume of the sclerosing agent (Ethamolin®) ranged from 0.4 to 4.3ml and the concentration ranged from 5% to 100%. The number of sessions ranged from 1 to 12 and the number of points per application was 1 to 7 points. Pain and edema were seen in 43% and 29% of patients, respectively. Conclusion: Sclerotherapy with monoethanolamine oleate diluted in anesthetic is a safe and effective option for the treatment of this lesion, regardless of concentration. However, edema and pain seem to be directly associated with increased drug concentration.

Download Full-text