The Salt of Ba : Reflections on the Role of the "Peripheries" in the Production Systems of Bronze Age China

2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-56
Author(s):  
Lothar Falkenhausen
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Production Systems

THE ROLE OF SOUTHERN UZBEKISTAN IN THE SYSTEM OF BRONZE AGE TRADE ROADS

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
Jasur Togaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Historical Aspect

This article analyzes the role of Southern Uzbekistan in the system of Bronze Age trade roads. Results of archaeological researches and information of scientific literatures were analyzed in historical aspect

Emerging Industrial Revolution: Symbiosis of Industry 4.0 and Circular Economy: The Role of Universities

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seeram Ramakrishna ◽  
Alfred Ngowi ◽  
Henk De Jager ◽  
Bankole O. Awuzie
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
New Jobs

Growing consumerism and population worldwide raises concerns about society’s sustainability aspirations. This has led to calls for concerted efforts to shift from the linear economy to a circular economy (CE), which are gaining momentum globally. CE approaches lead to a zero-waste scenario of economic growth and sustainable development. These approaches are based on semi-scientific and empirical concepts with technologies enabling 3Rs (reduce, reuse, recycle) and 6Rs (reuse, recycle, redesign, remanufacture, reduce, recover). Studies estimate that the transition to a CE would save the world in excess of a trillion dollars annually while creating new jobs, business opportunities and economic growth. The emerging industrial revolution will enhance the symbiotic pursuit of new technologies and CE to transform extant production systems and business models for sustainability. This article examines the trends, availability and readiness of fourth industrial revolution (4IR or industry 4.0) technologies (for example, Internet of Things [IoT], artificial intelligence [AI] and nanotechnology) to support and promote CE transitions within the higher education institutional context. Furthermore, it elucidates the role of universities as living laboratories for experimenting the utility of industry 4.0 technologies in driving the shift towards CE futures. The article concludes that universities should play a pivotal role in engendering CE transitions.

scholarly journals Seeing Children in Prehistory: A View from Bronze Age Ireland

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Mark Haughton
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
The Past ◽  
Written Sources

Despite growing strength in recent decades, an archaeology of childhood has often been overlooked by those studying prehistory. This is concerning because communities are enlivened by their children, and conversations with and about children often provide a critical arena for the discussion of aspects of societies which prehistorians are comfortable addressing, such as social structure, identity and personhood. Through an exploration of childhood as expressed in the Earlier Bronze Age burials from Ireland, this article demonstrates that neither written sources, artistic depictions nor toys are necessary to speak of children in the past. Indeed, an approach which tacks between scales reveals subtle trends in the treatment of children which speak to wider shared concerns and allows a reflection on the role of children in prehistory.

scholarly journals Exploring mobility in Italian Neolithic and Copper Age communities

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavio De Angelis ◽  
Maura Pellegrini ◽  
Cristina Martínez-Labarga ◽  
Laura Anzivino ◽  
Gabriele Scorrano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
The Body ◽  
Copper Age ◽  
Mobility Pattern ◽  
Oxygen And Carbon Isotope ◽  
Northern Areas

AbstractAs a means for investigating human mobility during late the Neolithic to the Copper Age in central and southern Italy, this study presents a novel dataset of enamel oxygen and carbon isotope values (δ18Oca and δ13Cca) from the carbonate fraction of biogenic apatite for one hundred and twenty-six individual teeth coming from two Neolithic and eight Copper Age communities. The measured δ18Oca values suggest a significant role of local sources in the water inputs to the body water, whereas δ13Cca values indicate food resources, principally based on C3 plants. Both δ13Cca and δ18Oca ranges vary substantially when samples are broken down into local populations. Statistically defined thresholds, accounting for intra-site variability, allow the identification of only a few outliers in the eight Copper Age communities, suggesting that sedentary lifestyle rather than extensive mobility characterized the investigated populations. This seems to be also typical of the two studied Neolithic communities. Overall, this research shows that the investigated periods in peninsular Italy differed in mobility pattern from the following Bronze Age communities from more northern areas.

Consumers want pork with ‘adjectives'

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
pp. 2331 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. N. D'Souza ◽  
D. Cleary ◽  
R. J. E. Hewitt
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Pork Products ◽  
Consumption Decisions ◽  
Brand Recognition ◽  
Extrinsic Cues ◽  
Credence Attributes ◽  
Pork Product ◽  
Welfare Production

Pork is the most consumed meat globally, but its consumption varies widely across the major pork-consuming nations. Consumers consider a wide variety of intrinsic and extrinsic cues, and credence attributes, when making purchasing and consumption decisions for food products. Brand recognition has been an important extrinsic cue for consumers, especially in the case of pork-product quality. However, the branding of fresh pork products in Australia has not been very prominent, due to the dominance of retailer ‘home-brand’ labels. However, increasingly these retailer labels are using information and branding relating to adjectives (credence attributes), for example, animal welfare, production systems, environment. The role of these credence attributes in Australia are now very much regarded by consumers as surrogate indicators of pork quality. The present paper will look at consumer preferences and attitudes to pork and the role credence attributes play when consumers purchase pork. In addition, the paper looks at the role of retailers in delivering pork with adjectives.

scholarly journals Non-discursive Knowledge and the Construction of Identity Potters, Potting and Performance at the Bronze Age Tell of Százhalombatta, Hungary

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandy Budden ◽  
Joanna Sofaer
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Social Categories ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Construction Of Identity ◽  
Differential Acquisition ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Bronze Age

This article explores the relationship between the making of things and the making of people at the Bronze Age tell at Százhalombatta, Hungary. Focusing on potters and potting, we explore how the performance of non-discursive knowledge was critical to the construction of social categories. Potters literally came into being as potters through repeated bodily enactment of potting skills. Potters also gained their identity in the social sphere through the connection between their potting performance and their audience. We trace degrees of skill in the ceramic record to reveal the material articulation of non-discursive knowledge and consider the ramifications of the differential acquisition of non-discursive knowledge for the expression of different kinds of potter's identities. The creation of potters as a social category was essential to the ongoing creation of specific forms of material culture. We examine the implications of altered potters' performances and the role of non-discursive knowledge in the construction of social models of the Bronze Age.

The potential role of sheep in dryland grain production systems

2005 ◽  
Vol 111 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 349-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.B. Goosey ◽  
P.G. Hatfield ◽  
A.W. Lenssen ◽  
S.L. Blodgett ◽  
R.W. Kott
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Grain Production

scholarly journals Contract farming in Brazil – an approach to Law and Economics

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kassia Watanabe ◽  
Nunziata Stefania Paiva ◽  
Ana Elisa Bressan Smith Lourenzani
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Law And Economics ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Contract Farming ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Means Of Production

Abstract Contract farming is based on agreements settled prior to the farmer deciding about agricultural production, and influence their judgment regarding inputs and production systems. Therefore, they provide means of production coordination and safety for both farmer and agro-industry/distributor. However, contract farming has its gaps since it is written in abscence of complete information, due to the behavioral assumption of bounded rationality of economic agents. A specific law might generate legal certainty for economic agents, insofar as the Judiciary fulfills the contractual gaps. From the other side, private agents may also fulfill the contractual gaps. As an effort to understand the role of institutions in contract farming, this study aims to analyze the Bill 6,459/2013, which intends to rule contract farming and takes private instituctions into account, through the agency of the Monitoring, Development and Reconciliation of Integration Committee (Cadec). This is an applied research with qualitative approach. The research concludes that the approval of bill might lead to effective typical law for contract farming, provided that the creation of Cadec is encouraged.

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