scholarly journals National Research Programme “Innovative Low-Toxic Bioactive Systems for Precision Medicine (BioActiveMed)”

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 53 (Special Issue A) ◽  
pp. 5-7
Author(s):  
Olya Stoilova
Keyword(s):  
Precision Medicine ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
National Research Programme ◽  
Low Toxic

scholarly journals Latvian Family Physicians’ Experience and Attitude in Diagnosing and Managing Depression

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-170
Author(s):  
Vineta Viktorija Vinogradova ◽  
Jeļena Vrubļevska ◽  
Elmārs Rancāns
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Family Physicians ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Primary Care Settings ◽  
National Research Programme ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Training Programmes

Abstract Depression is among the most common mental disorders in primary care. Despite high prevalence rates it remains to be under-diagnosed in primary care settings over the world. This study was aimed to identify Latvian family physicians’ (FPs) experience and attitude in diagnosing and managing depression. It was carried out within the framework of the National Research Programme BIOMEDICINE 2014–2017. After educational seminars on diagnosing and managing depression, FPs were asked to complete a structured questionnaire. In total 216 respondents were recruited. Most of the doctors, or 72.2% (n = 156), agreed with the statement that patients with depression use primary care facilities more often than other patients. More than a half of physicians, or 66.3% (n = 143) quite often asked their patients about their psycho-emotional status and 65.7% (n = 142) of clinicians thought that they can successfully assess a patient’s psychoemotional status and possible mental disorders. The majority, or 91.6 % (n = 198), supposed that routine screening for depression is necessary in Latvia. Despite the fact that a significant number, or 62.6% (n = 135) of FPs thought that their practice was well suitable for the treatment of depressive patients, half of the respondents, or 50.9% (n = 110), assessed their ability to build a trustful contact and to motivate patients for treatment as moderate. Although FPs acknowledged the importance and necessity to treat depression, current knowledge and management approaches were far from optimal. This justifies the need to provide specific training programmes for FPs.

scholarly journals Changes in Diagnostic Patterns of Depression Among Family Physicians in Latvia after Participating in The Education Course on Depression Developed within the National Research Programme Biomedicine 2014–2017: Preliminary Results

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-194
Author(s):  
Elmārs Rancāns ◽  
Anda Ķīvīte-Urtāne
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Services ◽  
Family Physicians ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
National Research Programme ◽  
Rural Places ◽  
And Control ◽  
Depressive Episodes

Abstract Annually, 7.9% of the general population in Latvia are suffering from depression. According to the official statistics, less than 8000 persons a year have been treated for depression in the state-paid health care services while the National Research Programme (NRP) BIOMEDICINE 2014–2017 found that more than 70 000 depressed patients annually are coming to family physicians (FPs) in Latvia. Within NRP researchers have developed an algorithm for diagnostics and treatment of depression and carried out ten educational courses for FPs all over Latvia in 2016. Data on the treatment of depression have been collected from the National Health Service (NHS) database from 01.01.2015 till 30.06.2017. Changes between the trained and control groups have been calculated for the time period before intervention — 2015–2016 and six months right after it. The “Depression School” was attended by 210 (15.2%) out of 1382 FPs, in contract with the NHS, who signed in for the course on first-to-come basis. There were no statistically significant demographic differences between trained and control groups, except, a larger proportion of FPs from rural places vs. the capital city attended the courses. Comparing the trained and control groups, during the period before the intervention there were on average 0.96 vs. 0.83 depressive episodes (F32) and 3.26 vs.1.74 recurrent depressive disorder (F33) episodes in 1/2 year (p < 0.001). Statistically significant increase was observed for F33 episodes (+1.42, p < 0.001), and numeric for F32 episodes (+0.18, p = 0.36) in the trained group of FPs in 2017. In total this gave a statistically significant (p < 0.001) increase by 43.6% of F33 diagnoses following the education course on depression for family physicians. Further analysis of data to access sustainability of training effect after 12 and 24 months are underway.

scholarly journals Determinants of vaccine hesitancy in Switzerland: study protocol of a mixed-methods national research programme

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e032218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Deml ◽  
Kristen Jafflin ◽  
Sonja Merten ◽  
Benedikt Huber ◽  
Andrea Buhl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Religion And Spirituality ◽  
Medical Providers ◽  
National Research Programme

IntroductionVaccine hesitancy is a complex public health issue referring to concerns about the safety, efficacy or need for vaccination. Relatively little is known about vaccine hesitancy in Switzerland. This ongoing study (2017–2021) focuses on biomedical and complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) providers and their patients since healthcare professionals play important roles in vaccination decision-making. This national research programme seeks to assess the sociocultural determinants of vaccine hesitancy regarding childhood and human papillomavirus vaccines in Switzerland. We aim to provide a detailed characterisation of vaccine hesitancy, including CAM and biomedical perspectives, patient–provider interactions, and sociocultural factors, to establish the mediating effects of vaccine hesitancy on underimmunisation, and to design an intervention to improve vaccination communication and counselling among physicians, parents and adolescents.Methods and analysisOur transdisciplinary team employs a sequential exploratory mixed-methods study design. We have established a network of more than 150 medical providers across Switzerland, including more than 40 CAM practitioners. For the qualitative component, we conduct interviews with parents, youth, and biomedical and CAM providers and observations of vaccination consultations and school vaccination information sessions. For the quantitative component, a sample of 1350 parents of young children and 722 young adults (15–26 years) and their medical providers respond to questionnaires. We measure vaccine hesitancy with the Parent Attitudes about Childhood Vaccines 15-item survey and review vaccination certificates to assess vaccination status. We administer additional questions based on findings from qualitative research, addressing communication with medical providers, vaccine information sources and perceptions of risk control vis-à-vis vaccine-preventable diseases. The questionnaires capture sociodemographics, political views, religion and spirituality, and moral foundations.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the local ethics committee. The results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and disseminated to healthcare professionals, researchers and the public via conferences and public presentations.

ANIMAL GENETIC RESOURCES CONSERVATION PROGRAMME IN BRAZIL

1992 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 7-26
Author(s):  
A. da Silva Mariante ◽  
A. R. de Bem
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Genetic Resources Conservation ◽  
Animal Genetic Resources ◽  
Research Corporation ◽  
National Research Programme ◽  
Resources Conservation

SUMMARYThe Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), through the National Research Centre for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology (CENARGEN), created the National Research Programme for Genetic Resources in 1974, but at that time only plant resources were included. A few years ago, the need for conservation of animal genetic resources in Brazil became clear, and the lack of necessary documentation and evaluation was recognized. Finally, in 1981, CENARGEN decided to include animal genetic resources in its Research Programme. In the case ofcattle, actions are being taken to save the “Criollo” before it is too late as it is rapidly disappearing by indiscriminate crossbreeding. There is already considerable information on the “'local” livestock breeds, strains and varieties in Brazil. A number of these breeds, strains or varieties that are in danger of extinction have been identified, and are being documented and specifically evaluated, particularly to determine if they possess any unique or special inherited characteristic that would warrant their conservation. Until such evaluation is completed, steps are being taken to ensure preservation of these populations. More recently, the programme ineluded other species such as: buffaloes, pigs, sheep, goats, horses and donkeys.

Depression and its correlation with the risk of cardiovascular mortality in primary care population in Latvia

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S413-S413
Author(s):  
R. Ivanovs ◽  
M. Trapencieris ◽  
J. Vrublevska ◽  
R. Logins ◽  
L. Berze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Primary Care Population ◽  
National Research Programme ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionDepression is one of several preventable causes of disability worldwide, with coronary heart disease (CHD) being the largest cause of disability. Depression has been confirmed as a risk factor for CHD.ObjectivesFew studies tried to find an interrelation between depression and a risk of cardiovascular mortality according to systematic coronary risk evaluation (SCORE) chart.AimsThe aim of study was to examine the correlation of depression with the risk of cardiovascular mortality (SCORE).MethodsStudy was conducted in 2015 within the framework of National Research Programme BIOMEDICINE. All patients aged 18 and older at 24 primary care facilities were interviewed with a sociodemographic questionnaire supplemented by measurements of blood pressure and total cholesterol. Within 2 weeks after the visit psychiatrist administered the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) by telephone. SCORE was assessed using high risk chart.ResultsTotally 920 patients age 40–69 were included in the data analysis. According to the MINI 9.3%(95%CI 7.5–11.5%) of 40–69 years old patients had current depression. Current depression was more common among women than men, 10.4% and 6.8%, respectively. The prevalence of current depression was highest among patients with SCORE 3–4%. Multivariate logistic regression did not suggest statistically significant odds ratio for having depression based on SCORE.ConclusionsOnly one of the measurements used for SCORE (smoking status) was significant predictor for having current depression, while systolic blood pressure and total cholesterol were not significant predictors for depression. As pharmacotherapies for reducing blood pressure and cholesterol are widely used by patients further research should include use of these medicines as potential mediators.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Vecāku līdzdalība pirmsskolas vecuma bērnu vārdu krājuma paplašināšanā

2020 ◽  
pp. 171-181
Author(s):  
Māra Domiceviča ◽  
Krista Apīne
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Language Development ◽  
Parental Involvement ◽  
Emotional Development ◽  
Vocabulary Development ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Parental Knowledge ◽  
National Research Programme ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Speech And Language Development

Parental involvement in the development of the vocabulary of preschool children will improve not only their success at school, but also their cognitive and emotional development. Children start to learn language from the moment they are born and this process depends on the continued involvement of the parents. The aim of the article is to define the extent of parental knowledge and opinions regarding the development of the vocabulary and the methods that could be used to improve it. The article is based on the results of a previous study that is a part of a national research programme (“Latviešu valoda”) which focuses on the development of Latvian language in preschool children. The study used parental surveys in order to gather their opinion on the importance of their involvement in the development of preschool children’s vocabulary. The data gathered from these surveys was analysed to present statistically significant results. The information gathered from the surveys could be used to analyse if there are any issues in the parental knowledge about vocabulary development and used by teachers and education specialists to support parents in a more informed way. One of the observed effects of the surveys was an increased parental attention to the speech and vocabulary of their children which was required in order to answer the questions. Similarly, the parents noticed that some activities and processes that are related to the language development did not previously receive as much of their attention as they thought they should give. Conversations, reading and singing were considered to be the most important tools of speech and language development by the surveyed parents. Alarmingly, approximately half of the parents considered the requirements for vocabulary development to be lower than what is currently considered to be standard with a large proportion of the parents significantly underestimating these requirements. Therefore, the authors believe that parents often fail to recognise issues with their child’s vocabulary, as they lack the knowledge to properly assess the development of speech and vocabulary. The results of the study suggest that the problem of parental implication in preschool children’s vocabulary should be analysed further and extended to consider the family’s socioeconomic context.

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