Hearing protectors. Guidance on selection of individual fit testing methods

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Testing Methods ◽  
Hearing Protectors ◽  
Fit Testing ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Mismatch Repair System Genomic Scars in Gastroesophageal Cancers: Biology and Clinical Testing

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-352
Author(s):  
Gianluca Lopez ◽  
Konstantinos Venetis ◽  
Elham Sajjadi ◽  
Nicola Fusco
Keyword(s):  
Mismatch Repair ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Repair System ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Clinical Role ◽  
Stage Disease ◽  
Mismatch Repair System ◽  
Selection Of Patients ◽  
Selection Of

Alterations in the mismatch repair (MMR) system result in genomic instability, neoantigen production, and immune response in cancer. There is evidence that gastroesophageal tumors with MMR deficiency may be susceptible to immune-checkpoint inhibitors treatment, especially in those presenting at advanced-stage disease. Although a number of biomarkers have been developed in histology-agnostic settings to assess MMR status, there is evidence that a tumor-specific testing approach would improve the selection of patients for immunotherapy. However, no testing methods have been developed specifically for gastroesophageal cancers so far. Here, we discuss the state of the art, current advances, and future perspectives of MMR-related biomarkers’ biologic and clinical role in gastroesophageal cancers.

Development of a Risk-Informed IST Program at Palisades Using Top Event Prevention

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. White ◽  
David P. Blanchard
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Deterministic Approach ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Service Testing ◽  
Risk Ranking ◽  
Safety Consideration ◽  
Defense In Depth ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Ranking Technique ◽  
Selection Of

At the Palisades Nuclear Power Plant, a review of systems, structures and components is being performed for a variety of risk-informed applications. Among these applications is the In-Service Testing program developed under Section XI of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. In reviewing the scope of the IST program, a relatively new risk ranking technique is being utilized called Top Event Prevention (TEP). TEP differs from more traditional methods of risk ranking in that it uses defense-in-depth methods to select what SSCs are important to safety. The results of the TEP analysis are also somewhat unique as compared to more traditional approaches in that combinations of equipment important to safety are identified as opposed to determining importance one component at a time. In addition, entire paths or trains of equipment are identified as being required to manage safety. Furthermore, the components identified in the selected trains are minimal. That is, TEP identifies the minimum set of equipment modeled in the PRA that is necessary to manage safety. Because TEP provides a structured, deterministic approach to selection of components that are important to managing safety, consideration is being given to classifying pumps and valves into one of three safety categories; high safety significant components, low safety significant components and a third non safety significant category. The first two categories of safety significance are similar to those already defined in Regulatory Guide 1.175 [1], and will identify where current testing methods remain appropriate while suggesting those components for which testing intervals can be extended. The third or non-safety significant category has been established to identify those pumps and valves to which the PRA and safety are insensitive. Preliminary results from the TEP analysis of the Palisades IST scope suggest that of the more than 500 pumps and valves modeled in the PRA, just under one third are not important from a defense-in-depth perspective. Probabilistic testing of these approximately 140 components shows that risk as modeled by the PRA is not dependent on the reliability of these components. This suggests that the PRA is relatively insensitive to the reliability of these components collectively and that they can be considered as candidates for significant relaxation of testing requirements, possibly including exclusion from the formal IST program.

scholarly journals Localization of Vehicle Back-Up Alarms by Users of Level-Dependent Hearing Protectors under Industrial Noise Conditions Generated at a Forge

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafal Mlynski ◽  
Emil Kozlowski
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Information ◽  
Danger Signal ◽  
Passive Mode ◽  
Specific Level ◽  
Alarm Signal ◽  
Hearing Protectors ◽  
Continuous Noise ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

The use of hearing protectors in various noisy workplaces is often necessary. For safety reasons, auditory information may be required to correctly localize the direction of an auditory danger signal. The purpose of this study was to verify if the selection of a specific level-dependent hearing protector may be important for the ability to localize a vehicle back-up alarm signal. The laboratory conditions reflected industrial conditions, under which an impulse noise was emitted against a background of continuous noise. A passive mode and a level-dependent mode (maximum and incomplete amplification) were considered. Four different models of level-dependent earmuffs and one model of level-dependent earplugs were included in the tests. The tests enabled differentiation between the individual hearing protectors. The use of earplugs in level-dependent mode did not significantly affect the ability to correctly localize the back-up alarm signal. For the earmuffs, the global assessment of the impact of a mode change revealed that, depending on the model of the earmuffs, the impact may be insignificant, but may also result in considerable impairment of the ability to localize the back-up alarm signal.

scholarly journals Aggressive Exclusion of Scan Flip-Flops from Compression Architecture for Better Coverage and Reduced TDV: A Hybrid Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Pralhadrao V. Shantagiri ◽  
Rohit Kapur
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Structural Testing ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Compression Technique ◽  
Time Compression ◽  
Test Application ◽  
Multiple Scan ◽  
Data Volume ◽  
Scan Data ◽  
Selection Of

Scan-based structural testing methods have seen numerous inventions in scan compression techniques to reduce TDV (test data volume) and TAT (test application time). Compression techniques lead to test coverage (TC) loss and test patterns count (TPC) inflation when higher compression ratio is targeted. This happens because of the correlation issues introduced by these techniques. To overcome this issue, we propose a new hybrid scan compression technique, the aggressive exclusion (AE) of scan cells from compression for increasing overall TC and reduce TPC. This is achieved by excluding scan cells which contribute to 12% to 43% of overall care bits from compression architecture, placing them in multiple scan chains with dedicated scan-data-in and scan-data-out ports. The selection of scan cells to be excluded from the compression technique is done based on a detailed analysis of the last 95% of the patterns from a pattern set to reduce correlations. Results show improvements in TC of up to 1.33%, and reductions in TPC of up to 77.13%.

scholarly journals Selection of Bacillus spp. isolates having enzyme producing ability and antagonistic to Vibrio parahaemolyticus causing the early mortality syndrome (EMS) on shrimp

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Dung Thi Thanh Do ◽  
Binh Thanh Le ◽  
Duong Thi Dang Hoang ◽  
Quang Dinh Vo ◽  
Trang Thi Phuong Phan
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
Extracellular Enzymes ◽  
Early Mortality ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Shrimp Ponds ◽  
Early Mortality Syndrome ◽  
Rdna Sequencing ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Selection Of

The aim of this study is to select some Bacillus isolates which are capable of yielding several beneficial enzymes and antagonism to Vibrio parahaemolyticus causing the EMS shrimp disease. In this study, we isolated and screened total of 54 Bacillus isolates from 30 mud, water and shrimp samples at shrimp ponds in Soc Trang province. Among these, 19 isolates were resistant against Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains causing the EMS shrimp disease via two testing methods. Three of them including NA2B13, NA10B2, NA8B1 isolates showed strongresistance and strong one to three kinds of extracellular enzymes to produce. Result of 16S rDNA sequencing and MALDI -TOF showed that NA2B13 and NA8B1 were Bacillus subtilis and NA10B2 was B. amyloliquefaciens. These two species were regarded safe and having potential applications in the production of biological products to prevent EMS shrimp disease.

scholarly journals Application of flammability testing methods for conveyor belts intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres in order to select suitable types for field application

2022 ◽  
Vol 354 ◽  
pp. 00045
Author(s):  
Florin Adrian Păun ◽  
Dan Gabor
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Surface Mining ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Specific Field ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Conveyor Belts ◽  
Accredited Laboratory ◽  
Selection Of

The conveyor belts are widely used and can be found, for example, in the underground and surface mining industry as well as in other industries involving the transport of various products, materials, etc. The need to ensure the transport of various products, materials, involves the use of conveyor belts in normal environments as well as in environments with a potentially explosive atmosphere. When used in potentially explosive atmospheres, conveyor belts shall not be sources of ignition for the explosive atmospheres generated by gases, vapors, flammable mists and/or combustible dusts in the mixture with the air. This involves the use of conveyor belts in a particular construction, compliance with the applicable essential safety and health requirements as well as granting a special attention to the identification/selection of types suitable for the specific field application. The purpose of the paper is to highlight the importance of testing by accredited laboratory tests, the flammability properties of conveyor belts intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres, in order to easily identify/select, by end users, the types of conveyor belts adequate for specific application.

scholarly journals Abrasivity characteristics of rocks from India and Nepal

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Karki
Keyword(s):  
Testing Methods ◽  
Indian School ◽  
Indian Coal ◽  
Cerchar Abrasivity Index ◽  
Excavation Process ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Testing Techniques ◽  
Rock Abrasiveness ◽  
Bihar State ◽  
Selection Of

Over the years, many attempts have been made to define and characterise rock abrasiveness. However, it is found that abrasiveness of rocks is not only difficult to define but also hard to measure. A number of relative rock abrasiveness tests have emerged but their results do not always faithfully reflect the characteristics of the rocks that may be useful in the excavation process. Under the circumstances, an in­ depth study of rock abrasiveness is warranted. The present study may provide additional help to fill a gap in this area. The study has addressed a number of issues on abrasivity of rocks and the objectives included inter-alia the following: 1. Developing and standardising appropriate testing techniques for evaluation of the abrasiveness and microhardness of the mine rocks. 2. Evaluating the abrasivity characteristics of mine rocks from Mosaboni copper mine, Jhinkpani limestone quarry and Indian coal-measure strata, Jharia, all from the Bihar State of India. 3. Evaluating the characteristics of a suite of rocks from Nepal (limestone from Nigale and quartzite from Bhedetar, Dhankuta District, Nepal). In this study a number of testing methods have been used to evaluate rock abrasiveness of rocks, specially the Cerchar Abrasivity Index (CAI), Schimazek Index and Indian School of Mines Abrasivity Test (ISMAT). The tests were performed in the rock mechanics laboratory of Indian School of Mines (ISM), Dhanbad, India. The results of these tests are discussed in detail. Hopefully, this study on abrasivity characteristics of rocks will aid in the selection of appropriate tools and excavation systems thereby enhancing the work performances and reducing the costs in excavations.

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