Responsible and sustainable investment management - Specification

2020 ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 138826272110319
Author(s):  
Liudmila Strakodonskaya

The compatibility of Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) risk management with the investment management requirements under the investors’ fiduciary duties (FD) figures among the key questions in today’s context of a rapid growth of sustainable investment strategies. Despite some legal developments, namely, in Europe, investors still have no clear answer to this question, which leaves them inert in the face of these new, unconventional types of risk. In our research, we explore the recent advancements in the EU and the US legal practice with the objective to establish to what extent the FD actually requires investors to consider ESG risks in their investment management decisions. Through analysis, we define a theoretical decision-making pattern for ESG risk management set by the current FD law as applied to investors and identify: 1) ESG risk materiality and 2) the effectiveness of ESG risk hedging as its fundamental elements. Then, we design a theoretical representation of ESG risk materiality under the FD legal constraints and identify that the current FD law binds investors to assimilate ESG risks to financial risks; thus, their management is required only if they are financially material for investments. We show that this principle equally applies to long-term ESG risks (like climate change); investors are incentivised to manage only those that are sufficiently financially material considering the applied hypothetical discount rate. Also, through the case study of a recent US ERISA ESOP lawsuit, we reveal that risk aversion towards probability to successfully hedge material ESG risks could impede efficient risk management by incentivising investors not to hedge a material ESG risk, i.e. to breach their FD.


2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandras Vytautas Rutkauskas ◽  
Viktorija Stasytytė

The concepts of effectiveness, riskness and reliability are three cornerstones which together with utility of investor constitute the base for decisions perception and management logic in order to match the possibilities of investment space with investor's objectives. Risk, which is “a chance or possibility of danger, loss, injury, or other adverse consequences” (The Oxford Modern English Dictionary) or, specifically, in the area of investment management – “the chance that an investment (as a stock or commodity) will lose value” (Webster Dictionary) is the function of risksness of selected assets altogether with skills of a subject to manage the riskness of the analysed object, process, etc. Thus risk is analysed as an interaction of possibilities riskness and abilities of a subject (investor) to manage these possibilities. The paper will reveal a consistent way towards investment possibilities set description, when investment assets possibilities are under uncertainty, what is understood in this paper as under stochasticity. As a possible means of the above mentioned match the authors propose portfolio adequate for investment stochastic nature and present its formation and application principles. This model has broad application possibilities in investing in exchange and capital markets as well as in forming sustainable investment strategies. There are many figures and schemes in the text. This is caused by the consideration that where geometrical drawing can provide a non-false solution, this drawing becomes also a decision search visualization instrument. Santrauka Efektyvumo, rizikingumo ir patikimumo sąvokos – tai trys kertiniai akmenys, ant kurių pasitelkiant investuotojo naudingumą laikosi sprendimų suvokimo ir valdymo logika, siekiant suderinti investicijų erdvės teikiamas galimybes ir investuotojo siekius. Rizika, kuri apibrežiama kaip ,,pavojaus, praradimo, sužeidimo arba kitų neigiamu pasekmių šansas arba galimybė“ (The Oxford Modern English Dictionary), arba, konkrečiai investicijų valdymo srityje – “galimybė kad investicija (akcija arba prekė) praras savo vertę” (Webster Dictionary), yra visų pasirinktų aktyvų rizikingumų funkcija pamatuota su subjekto įgūdžiais valdyti nagrinėjamo objekto, proceso ar pan. rizikingumus. Taigi, rizika nagrinėjama kaip galimybiu rizikingumo ir subjekto (investuotojo) gebėjimų juos valdyti sąveika. Straipsnyje bus atskleistas nuoseklus kelias į investavimo galimybių aibės aprašymą, kuomet investicinių aktyvų galimybės yra neapibrežtos, kas šiame straipsnyje suprantama kaip stochastinės. Kaip galimą aukščiau paminėto suderinimo priemonę autoriai siūlo adekvatųjį investicijų stochastinei prigimčiai portfelį, pateikdami jo sudarymo ir panaudojimo principus. Šis modelis turi plačias pritaikymo galimybes tiek investuojant valiutų ir kapitalo rinkose, tiek formuojant tvarios plėtros strategijas. Tekste pateikta labai daug paveikslų ir schemų. Tai sąlygota tu aplinkybių, kad ten, kur geometrinis brėžinys gali teikti neklaidingą atsakyma, tas brėžinys tampa ir sprendimo paiešxkos vizualizavimo priemone.


Author(s):  
Olga Olegovna Eremenko ◽  
Lyubov Borisovna Aminul ◽  
Elena Vitalievna Chertina

The subject of the research is the process of making managerial decisions for innovative IT projects investing. The paper focuses on the new approach to decision making on investing innovative IT projects using expert survey in a fuzzy reasoning system. As input information, expert estimates of projects have been aggregated into six indicators having a linguistic description of the individual characteristics of the project type "high", "medium", and "low". The task of decision making investing has been formalized and the term-set of the output variable Des has been defined: to invest 50-75% of the project cost; to invest 20-50% of the project cost; to invest 10-20% of the project cost; to send the project for revision; to turn down investing project. The fuzzy product model of making investment management decisions has been developed; it adequately describes the process of investment management. The expediency of using constructed production model on a practical example is shown.


CFA Magazine ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-51
Author(s):  
Rhea Wessel

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