Road restraint systems. Validation and verification process for the use of virtual testing in crash testing against vehicle restraint system

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Restraint System ◽  
Validation And Verification ◽  
Virtual Testing ◽  
Crash Testing ◽  
Verification Process

End-to-End Formal Specification, Validation, and Verification Process: A Case Study of Space Flight Software

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 632-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam C. Bergue Alves ◽  
Doron Drusinsky ◽  
James Bret Michael ◽  
Man-Tak Shing
Keyword(s):  
Space Flight ◽  
Formal Specification ◽  
Validation And Verification ◽  
End To End ◽  
Verification Process

Validation and verification of automated urine particle analysers

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Enrico Bignardi
Keyword(s):  
Screening Test ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Validation And Verification ◽  
Real Risk ◽  
Verification Process ◽  
Carry Over ◽  
Urine Microscopy ◽  
Variable Performance ◽  
Verification Laboratory

There is often uncertainty on how validation and verification of newly introduced tests should be conducted, and there is a real risk of verification becoming a meaningless ritual, rather than a useful exercise. This article reviews the literature and makes recommendations regarding the validation and verification of automated urine particles analysers. A generic practical approach to verification is also recommended. For many analysers, the accuracy of white blood cells, epithelial cells and bacterial counts is corroborated by a number of independent evaluations; thus, any verification laboratory work could be significantly scaled down. Conversely, in the scenario that automated urine microscopy is used as a screening test to reduce the number of urines cultured, the extremely variable performance reported in the literature requires a full-scale verification to define the optimal cut-off values that give a sensitivity of >98% with the local settings and circumstances. With some analysers, the risk of carry-over also needs to be assessed, as part of the verification process, and exclusion criteria (urines requiring culture regardless of the microscopy results) need to be well defined, as there are patients or specimen types for which the performance of microscopy as a screening test may not be adequate.

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