Solid recovered fuels - Methods for the determination of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S) by the instrumental method

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Instrumental Method

Validation of an Analytical Instrumental Method by Standard Addition Methodology

1995 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 471-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Cuadros Rodríguez ◽  
Ana M García Campaña ◽  
Fermin Alés Barrero ◽  
Carlos Jiménez Linares ◽  
Manuel Román Ceba
Keyword(s):  
Standard Addition ◽  
Statistical Procedure ◽  
Instrumental Method ◽  
Fluorimetric Determination ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Mathematical Expressions ◽  
Standard Additions

Abstract A statistical procedure to validate an analytical methodology by standard addition methodology is described. The data set obtained in 3 calibration experiments with standard solutions, standard additions, and portions of sample is used. The accuracy of the analytical results is checked by comparison of analyte contents in the different calibrations and from the recovery. Mathematical expressions to estimate the statistical parameters are proposed. The statistical protocol has been applied to fluorimetric determination of molybdenum with alizarin S in vegetable tissues.

scholarly journals UTILIZATION OF EOSIN DYE AS AN ION PAIRING AGENT FOR DETERMINATION OF PHARMACEUTICALS: A BRIEF REVIEW

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habibur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Ion Pairing ◽  
Drug Analysis ◽  
Instrumental Method ◽  
Eosin Y ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Common Ion ◽  
Strong Staining

Globally, dyes are widely used in the pharmaceutical, food, textile, cosmetics, plastics, leather, paint, ink and paper industries. Eosin is an acidic orange-pink dye and has very strong staining properties. Haematoxylin and eosin Y (H&E) combination is the most common staining and primary diagnostic technique in histo-pathological laboratories. This review mainly discussed the utility of eosin dye in quality control laboratories as an ion pairing agent for drug analysis. Eosin Y is one the most common ion pairing agent and its mono and di anionic forms of eosin Y are capable of interacting with many drug molecules to form colored/fluorescent binary or ternary complexes that can be analyzed with or without extraction by spectrofluorimetry and/or spectrophotometry. Quenching fluorescence and advantages of spectrofluorimetry over spectrophotometry were also discussed. Fluorescence detection greatly enhances the sensitivity and providing a sensitive and relatively inexpensive instrumental method of analysis using eosin Y for various important drugs in pure, commercial dosage forms and biological fluids

scholarly journals Gravimetric and instrumental methods comparison for experimental determination of carbonate carbon content in solid mineral fuels

2021 ◽  
pp. 237-237
Author(s):  
Marija Mirkovic-Gorgievski ◽  
Ana Marinkovic ◽  
Nikola Zivkovic ◽  
Emila Zivkovic
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Content ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Thermal Engineering ◽  
Instrumental Method ◽  
Total Carbon Content ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Carbonate Carbon ◽  
Heat Value

The content of combustible elements in solid mineral fuels (carbon, hydrogen, etc.) are very important, since they most directly affect the heat value. It should be noted that the fuel heat value depends on many other constituents, such as ash and moisture. In this paper, special attention has been paid to carbon content. In solid mineral fuels, carbon is found alone or bound in the form of various compounds. One of them is mineral carbonate compounds bound as carbonate carbon, which originates from absorbed carbon dioxide from atmosphere. Determination of carbonate carbon content of solid mineral fuels was performed by standard gravimetric method (according to ISO 925: 2019), and newly developed instrumental method, using thermogravimetric analyzer LECO TGA 701. Comparison of obtained experimental results was done. Four types of coal, Kolubara lignite, Kostolac lignite, brown coal and control coal sample were included in experimental analysis. In addition, moisture in the samples was also determined using analytical method and inspected using LECO TGA 701 thermogravimetric analyzer, as well as total carbon content using the LECO CHN 628 elemental analyzer. An analysis and comparison of the obtained results was performed, and comments and conclusions are presented. The experiments were done in the department for fuel characterization, Laboratory for Thermal Engineering and Energy, Institute of Nuclear Sciences Vinca.

scholarly journals Assessment efficiency aesthetic results of modern methods for determining the color of teeth in prosthodontics

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
G. Hakobyan ◽  
◽  
L. Essayain ◽  
N. Vanyan ◽  
A. Hakobyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Instrumental Method ◽  
Visual Evaluation ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Color Determination ◽  
The Right ◽  
Instrumental Methods

Abstracts. Shade matching is one of the most important factor in a successful and esthetically restoration. The number of mistakes made by dentists when choosing a color is 14 % (according to Barna), 9.9 % (according to Moser) and 8.2 % (according to Mc Maugh). The ability to consistently match shades accurately can help reduce the number of unsatisfactory esthetic results treatment. Matching the right color leads to a pleasing appearance and satisfaction for the patient and the clinician. Color determination in dentistry can be divided into two categories visual and instrumental. The most popular shade guides include visual classical shade the Vita Classical and are clustered into letter groups A (red-yellow), B (yellow), C (grey), D (red-yellow-gray), and chroma designated with the numerical values (e.g. A1). Used computerassisted shade analysis is more accurate and more consistent compared with human shade assessment. The objective of the study a comparative assess of the esthetic indicators of the prosthodontics treatment when determining color using visual and instrumental methods. For the period from 2015–2020 prosthodontic treatment of 158 patients with dental defects was performed. To assess the esthetic results of treatment, the patient was divided into 2 groups. In 1 group (n = 82) patients, the color determination of the prosthodontics design was carried out using standard colors according to the usual VITA scale. In 2 group (n = 76) patients, the color determination of the prosthodontics design was carried out using a color measuring device VITA Easy shade Compact. The results showed that the Vita Easy Shade machine was accurate 97.5 %, visual evaluation method was accurate 85.2 %. This study reveals that esthetic results is a significant factor in patient satisfaction, which should be evaluated. Instrumental methods for determining the color of teeth are more accurate than visual and do not depend on the subjective sensations and psychological factors of the dentist. At the moment, the combination of the Vita Easy shade system and the 3D Vita scale is the most effective in determining tooth shade or restoration. However, the instrumental method cannot replace traditional methods. Digital techniques should be a must in addition to visual analysis.

scholarly journals THE EFFICIENCY OF PROGNOSTIC SCALES IN STRATIFICATION OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS. LITERATURE REVIEW

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
I. K. Yelskyi ◽  
A. A. Vasylyev ◽  
N. L. Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Instrumental Method ◽  
Intravenous Contrast ◽  
Index Of Severity ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
The Moment

The work carried out by analyzes of the literature data on assessing the severity of acute pancreatitis and predicting its course and mortality. A comparison of traditional point scales for assessing the severity of AP was made.As a result of a comparative analysis, it was found that the most objective instrumental method for diagnosing acute pancreatitis and its complications was MSCT with the determination of the CT index of severity. Balthazar scale allows assessing the severity of the disease and forming a prognosis for the development of complications. However, computed or magnetic resonance imaging with intravenous contrast enhancement allows an accurate assessment of the severity of the disease not earlier than 72 hours and has some contraindications.Estimating and predictive systems Ranson, APACHE, Krasnorogov, Bozhenkov systems, Pugaeva and Achkasova, BISAP and HAPS allow identyfying the severity of the clinical course of acute pancreatitis, have a high sensitivity, but at the same time require significant time and resources for execution. Glasgow-Imrie, SAPS, MODS, and SOFA scales mainly calculate mortality and degree of multiple organ failure in critically ill patients; these severity assessment systems are not specific for patients with acute pancreatitis.The optimal scale for assessing the severity of AP should allow assessing the patient's condition and prognosis from the moment of admission to the outcome of the disease. The practicing surgeon will be interested in an affordable, inexpensive, easy-to-use system for determining the severity of acute pancreatitis. For surgeons, the time factor plays a key role in determining tactics, and, therefore, improves the prognosis of the disease.

scholarly journals Vascular Age Concept: Which Approach Is Preferable in Clinical Practice?

Kardiologiia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. P. Rotar ◽  
A. S. Alieva ◽  
M. A. Boiarinova ◽  
K. M. Tolkunova ◽  
A. O. Konradi
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Instrumental Method ◽  
Vascular Aging ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vascular Age

Aim:to compare various approaches to estimation of vascular age in patients from sample of citizens of Saint-Petersburg (SPB) with arterial pressure (AP) above 130 / 80 mm Hg without history of cardiovascular events.Materials and methods.Examination of a population sample of SPB citizens (n=1600) was carried out within framework of the observational epidemiological study ESSE-RF (ЭССЕ-РФ) in 2012–2013. We selected from this sample 477 women and man aged 40–65 years without history of cardiovascular events, diabetes, or chronic kidney disease, and AP >130 / 80 mm Hg. Examination included anthropometry, sampling of fasting blood for measurement of lipids, glucose, creatinine levels, urine sampling for determination of albumin excretion, and AP measurement in ac-cordance with standard methods. The SCORE scale was used of evaluation of 10-year risk of fatal stroke and fatal myocardial infarction. Volume sphygmography (VaSera device) was applied for determination of cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) with calculation of vascular age, and ankle-brachial index. ASCORE scale was used for determination of сalculated vascular age was determined with help of the ASCORE scale.Results.Mean age of participants (182 men [38.2 %], 295 women [61.8 %]) was 52.5±6.2 years. Calculated and instrumental methods of determination of vascular age and early vascular aging had low concordance (κ = 0.099). With elevation of cardiovascular risk early vascular aging was more frequently detected by method of its calculation ASCORE than with instrumental method (VaSera). In the absence of achievement of target AP level signs of early vascular aging were significantly more often detected by the method of vascular age calculation than by the instrumental method VaSera.Conclusion.Application of the concept of vascular age and early vascular aging syndrome might be an effective tool for stratification of cardiovascular risk by a physician and improvement of adherence of a patient. This is especially actual for young patients with burdened heredity. One can assume that estimation of virtual risk factor load on blood vessels by the ASCORE method of calculation is more sensitive to detection of premature vascular aging, while requiring less financial and organizational efforts.

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