Water quality � Water safety plans � Code of practice

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Code Of Practice ◽  
Quality Water ◽  
Water Safety Plans

Water safety plans for small systems: a model for applying HACCP concepts for cost-effective monitoring in developing countries

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Performance Limits ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Small Systems ◽  
Water Safety Plans ◽  
Contamination Events

The development of water safety plans (WSPs) for small systems should be based on a thorough understanding of the relationships between risk factors and contamination events. This can be achieved through the use of well-designed assessments of water quality that provide better evidence to support the identification of control measures, performance limits, monitoring parameters and verification procedures. Training of community operators is critical to the success of the WSP and the understanding gained from the assessments provides a sound basis for addressing these needs. The WSP approach provides for more effective control of water quality and the use of targeted assessments is cost-effective in improving the design of WSPs.

scholarly journals National survey of utilization of continuous water quality monitors in water supply systems in Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1347-1353 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kosaka ◽  
Y. Koike ◽  
Y. Miyabayashi ◽  
K. Saito ◽  
M. Asami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Sand Filtration ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Critical Control Points ◽  
Water Safety Plans ◽  
Rapid Sand Filtration

Abstract An investigation of the utilization of water quality monitors at water purification plants throughout Japan was conducted via questionnaire from August to October 2015. The number of types of monitors installed at more than one water purification plant was 34. Chlorine, high sensitivity turbidity, pH, and turbidity monitors were (highly) recommended for installation in four water purification processes (rapid sand filtration, chlorination only, slow sand filtration and membrane treatment), except for high sensitivity turbidity of chlorination only. The number of installations of the monitors recommended and their installation points were dependent upon the processes. Highly recommended points of turbidity were raw water and sedimentation points, which were set for (critical) control points in water safety plans. That of high sensitivity turbidity was the rapid sand filtration point for confirmation of Cryptosporidium control. Chlorine monitors were applied for automatic control, regardless of the water purification processes. Some interesting monitors, such as those for musty odor compounds and trihalomethane, were newly developed and utilized. The results of this study showed that water quality monitors were important for water quality management systems based on water safety plans in Japan.

scholarly journals Water quality, compliance, and health outcomes among utilities implementing Water Safety Plans in France and Spain

2017 ◽  
Vol 220 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen E. Setty ◽  
Georgia L. Kayser ◽  
Michael Bowling ◽  
Jerome Enault ◽  
Jean-Francois Loret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Water Safety Plans

scholarly journals Assessment of effectiveness of water safety plans (WSP) on water quality in rural communities of Anambra State, south-eastern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azubuike S. Ekwere ◽  
Oyonga A. Oyonga ◽  
Maingaila M. Banda
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
World Health ◽  
Household Surveys ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
Water Safety Plans

Abstract World Health Organization recommends the use of Water Safety Plans as a systematic approach to ensure safe drinking water supply through a comprehensive risk assessment and management. This research assesses the implementation of WSPs in Anambra State, Nigeria based on understanding the outcomes of the community's WSP implementation and provides recommendations to improve the WSP process. To meet these objectives, a mixed-methods protocol was used, including, household surveys on water management practices, water quality testing to determine water safety of households' transport, stored and source waters and qualitative data collection. An evaluation on the implementation of WSPs in two council's areas, relative to non-WSP implementing communities, the following activities was conducted: 120 household surveys; water sample testing at water sources; Focus Group Discussions with key informant, water facility staff. Results indicates: water sources in both councils are producing relatively clean water; water management practices at the source were relatively safe with minor risky practices in a few communities; households involved risky practices that led to contamination from transported through to stored water and water facility caretakers were aware of their responsibilities. Recontamination of the source water during transportation and storage remained the main difficulty in ensuring consumption of safe water.

Improvement of Water Quality after Implementation of Water Safety Plans (WSPs) in Semarang City, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Budiyono Budiyono ◽  
Praba Ginandjar ◽  
Lintang Dian Saraswati ◽  
Dina Rahayuning Pangestuti ◽  
Martini Martini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Water Safety Plans

Water safety plans, water quality surveillance and investment planning in Kyrgyzstan

Waterlines ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Sutherland ◽  
Tom Wood ◽  
Nina Vashneva ◽  
Venera Zhunusbaeva
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Investment Planning ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Water Safety Plans

Water Safety Plans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Setty ◽  
Giuliana Ferrero
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
World Health ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Small Community ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Water Safety Plans

Water safety plans (WSPs) represent a holistic risk assessment and management approach covering all steps in the water supply process from the catchment to the consumer. Since 2004, the World Health Organization (WHO) has formally recommended WSPs as a public health intervention to consistently ensure the safety of drinking water. These risk management programs apply to all water supplies in all countries, including small community supplies and large urban systems in both developed and developing settings. As of 2017, more than 90 countries had adopted various permutations of WSPs at different scales, ranging from limited-scale voluntary pilot programs to nationwide implementation mandated by legislative requirements. Tools to support WSP implementation include primary and supplemental manuals in multiple languages, training resources, assessment tools, and some country-specific guidelines and case studies. Systems employing the WSP approach seek to incrementally improve water quality and security by reducing risks and increasing resilience over time. To maintain WSP effectiveness, water supply managers periodically update WSPs to integrate knowledge about prior, existing, and potential future risks. Effectively implemented WSPs may translate to positive health and other impacts. Impact evaluation has centered on a logic model developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) as well as WHO-refined indicators that compare water system performance to pre-WSP baseline conditions. Potential benefits of WSPs include improved cost efficiency, water quality, water conservation, regulatory compliance, operational performance, and disease reduction. Available research shows outcomes vary depending on site-specific context, and challenges remain in using WSPs to achieve lasting improvements in water safety. Future directions for WSP development include strengthening and sustaining capacity-building to achieve consistent application and quality, refining evaluation indicators to better reveal linked outcomes (including economic impacts), and incorporating social equity and climate change readiness.

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