Robots and robotic devices. Guide to the ethical design and application of robots and robotic systems

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Robotic Systems ◽  
Ethical Design ◽  
Robotic Devices ◽  
Design And Application

Classification of reconfigurable modular robotic systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
N.A. Pavliuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Robotic Systems ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Robotic Devices

In this paper analytical review and classification of existing modular robotic systems are presented, based on the key features of the devices and their configurations. The principal issues concerning modular robotic devices, systems and connection devices are described.

Robotics in the medical laboratory

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 1534-1543 ◽  
Author(s):  
R A Felder ◽  
J C Boyd ◽  
K Margrey ◽  
W Holman ◽  
J Savory
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Robotic Systems ◽  
Medical Laboratory ◽  
Laboratory Automation ◽  
Control Software ◽  
New Era ◽  
Robotic Devices ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Robotic Automation

Abstract Robotic systems specifically designed for the automation of laboratory tasks are now available commercially. Equipped with computer, analytical hardware, and supporting software, these devices may soon revolutionize the concept of the clinical laboratory and usher in a new era in laboratory testing. We review the types of robots and motion-control software currently available and discuss examples of their applications that extend across many analytical areas. Several ongoing projects are concerned with the systematic integration of robotic devices with other laboratory automation. The integrated robotic laboratories emerging from this work portend a bright future for robotic automation. Many challenges remain, however, in training the individuals needed to develop and manage robotic laboratories, and in making this new technology cost-efficient.

scholarly journals Robotics in physical medicine and neurorehabilitation

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
Vesna Pausic ◽  
Grigorije Jovanovic ◽  
Svetlana Simic
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Rehabilitation Robotics ◽  
Robotic Systems ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Physical Medicine ◽  
Upper Limb Rehabilitation ◽  
Rehabilitation Robots ◽  
Robotic Devices ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Limb Rehabilitation

Introduction. Robots have been used for rehabilitation purposes since the 1960s. The aim of this paper is to present the application of robotics in physical medicine and rehabilitation with special reference to robotic devices used in rehabilitation. Material and Methods. The paper uses literature related to the application of robotics in medicine and rehabilitation. The literature review was conducted using the following databases: Serbian Library Consortium for Coordinated Acquisition, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System, Google Scholar, Science Citation Index, and portal of Croatian scientific journals ?Hrcak?. Development of robotics in rehabilitation. Nowadays, there are a great number of different robotic systems for rehabilitation. Robotics in rehabilitation is of utter importance because it works on the principle of neuroplasticity. Robots for lower limb rehabilitation. These robotic systems are most often in the form of exoskeletons. Robots for upper limb rehabilitation. Upper limb rehabilitation robots are therapeutic devices that help or provide support for arm or hand movements. Robot for upper body rehabilitation. Robot ?Tymo?. Conclusion. By using robots in physical medicine and neurorehabilitation, a faster and more complete functional recovery of the patient can be achieved.

Planar Robotic Systems for Upper-Limb Post-Stroke Rehabilitation

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulio Rosati ◽  
Riccardo Secoli ◽  
Damiano Zanotto ◽  
Aldo Rossi ◽  
Giovanni Boschetti
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Robotic Systems ◽  
Robot Arm ◽  
Chronic Patients ◽  
Upper Limb Rehabilitation ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Robotic Therapy ◽  
Robotic Devices ◽  
Limb Rehabilitation

Rehabilitation is the only way to promote recovery of lost function in post-stroke hemiplegic subjects, leading to independence and early reintegration into social and domestic life. In particular, upper limb rehabilitation is fundamental to regain ability in Activities of Daily Living (ADLs). Robot-aided rehabilitation is an emerging field seeking to employ leading-edge robotic systems to increase patient recovery in the rehabilitation treatment. Even though the effectiveness of robotic therapy is still being discussed, the use of robotic devices can increase therapists’ efficiency by alleviating the labor-intensive aspects of physical rehabilitation, and can produce a reduction in treatment costs. This paper presents a comparison between different planar robotic devices designed for upper-limb rehabilitation in chronic patients. A planar configuration of the workspace leads to straightforward mechanical and control system design, and allows to define very simple and understandable treatment exercises. Also, the graphical user interface becomes very intuitive for the patient, and a set of Cartesian-based measures of the patient’s performance can be defined easily. In the paper, SCARA (Selective Compliance Assembly Robot Arm) robots such as the MIT-Manus, Cartesian robots and cable-driven robots are considered and compared in terms of inertial properties and force exertion capabilities. Two cable-driven devices, designed at the Robotics Lab of the Department if Innovation In Mechanics and Management, University of Padua, Italy, are presented for the first time. The first robot employs four driven cables to produce a planar force on the end-effector, whereas the second one is based on a three-cable configuration plus a linear actuator to obtain better overall robot performance.

Control Algorithms for 3-DoF Handheld Robotic Devices Used in Orthopedic Surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 1950002
Author(s):  
Martin Klemm ◽  
Uwe D. Hanebeck ◽  
Harald Hoppe
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Orthopedic Surgery ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Robotic Systems ◽  
Control Algorithms ◽  
End Effector ◽  
Multiple Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Limited Range Of Motion ◽  
Robotic Devices

Nowadays, robotic systems are an integral part of many orthopedic interventions. Stationary robots improve the accuracy but also require adapted surgical workflows. Handheld robotic devices (HHRDs), however, are easily integrated into existing workflows and represent a more economical solution. Their limited range of motion is compensated by the dexterity of the surgeon. This work presents control algorithms for HHRDs with multiple degrees of freedom (DOF). These algorithms protect pre- or intraoperatively defined regions from being penetrated by the end effector (e.g., a burr) by controlling the joints as well as the device’s power. Accuracy tests on a stationary prototype with three DOF show that the presented control algorithms produce results similar to those of stationary robots and much better results than conventional techniques. This work presents novel and innovative algorithms, which work robustly, accurately, and open up new opportunities for orthopedic interventions.

scholarly journals USE OF ROBOTIC COMPLEXES IN THE TRAINING OF SPECIALISTS IN ELECTRONICS, AUTOMATION AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (53) ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
A. Perekrest ◽  
◽  
O. Bilyk ◽  
M. Kushch-Zhyrko
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal Display ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Robotic Systems ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Computer Engineering ◽  
Trajectory Data ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Robotic Devices ◽  
Constituent Elements

Purpose. The use of robotic systems in the training of specialists in electronics, automation and computer engineering. Involvement of which will improve the quality of training of students in the direction of robot design, programming and research. Methodology. Physical and logical principles of operation of components for building robots, computer simulation, programming on languages Scratch and Python, processes description in the form of block diagrams. Results. An example of program has been developed the main functions of which are: communication of Robomaster S1 with sensors via UART interface, recognition and tracking of a given trajectory, data collection from sensors with a certain time interval, return to the starting point of the trajectory, subtraction of average values measurement on the liquid crystal display. The general algorithm of interaction with a robotic complex, an example of interaction with the accompanying software, the basic technical characteristics, the detailed description of the main constituent elements of a complex and the main list of its functions and possibilities of application were presented. Originality. A method of training future specialists in electronics, automation and computer engineering using the robotic complex Robomaster S1 to improve the quality of learning. Practical Value. The use of robotic devices in learning through the involvement of the complex Robomaster S1, promotes the activation of cognitive activity, creates a basis for the development of creative potential and is the basis for individualization of learning. Thus, one of the promising areas of further research in the fields of electronics, automation and computer engineering is the improvement of the system of training of future professionals through the use of such systems. Figures 12, tables 1, references 16.

Affect in Robots for Interaction and Control - Challenges for the Engineer

2017 ◽  
Vol 260 ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Mark Witkowski
Keyword(s):  
Robotic Systems ◽  
Emotional Engagement ◽  
Robotic Device ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
Robotic Devices ◽  
Mechanical Devices ◽  
And Control

This address will briefly consider the challenges and opportunities that arise from the integration of affect into robotic systems. Six challenge areas are identified as of particular relevance to robotics engineers. The first challenge is to sufficiently refine the display of affect by mechanical devices to give the impression or appearance of emotional engagement. The second challenge is to recognise affect as displayed by others, most particularly by human users. These two challenges relate primarily to the presentation of affect, there are related questions about how to best use it. It is widely assumed, though unproven, that these will improve the acceptability of robotic devices employed in the social and service sectors. The third challenge is to understand what about affect that can and cannot be understood in scientific and engineering terms. Much is open to measurement and modelling, but some - such as the notion of feelings - remain highly problematic. The fourth challenge is to take that analysis and build affect fully into the social control system of the robot, leading to essential progress in robot autonomy and working towards our understanding of the role and mechanism of natural affect. The fifth challenge is to find profitable application for affective robotics. One potential outcome is to build an enhanced level of behavioural compatibility between human user and robotic device. The sixth challenge as engineers is to ever take care - to ensure that reality does not, and is seen not to, match the popular apocalyptic expectation engendered at every opportunity by dramatist and film maker for robots imbued with "emotions".

Shape Memory Alloy Actuated Robot Protheses: Initial Prototypes

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Pfeiffer ◽  
Constantinos Mavroidis ◽  
Kathryn DeLaurentis ◽  
Mike Mosley
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Human Anatomy ◽  
Robotic Systems ◽  
Artificial Limbs ◽  
Artificial Muscles ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Prosthetic Devices ◽  
Robotic Devices ◽  
Commercial Applications

Abstract This paper describes the goals and current accomplishments of this research. The main thrust of this effort is to design artificial limbs that are lightweight, compact and dexterous, that mimic human anatomy and maintain a high lifting capability. The key to satisfying these objectives is the use of Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) artificial muscles as actuators. A general methodology to find the placement of SMA wires to achieve desired ranges of motion is presented. Three experimental prototypes, emulating human skeletal structures that are actuated by SMA artificial muscles are described in detail. It is expected that upper extremity amputees will greatly benefit from the commercialization of the novel robot prosthetic devices that will be developed in this research. These lightweight prostheses with high lifting capabilities, force-reflective characteristics and multi-degree of freedom dexterity will tremendously improve the capabilities of amputees and therefore will attract their interest. In addition, our SMA actuated robotic devices can find other commercial applications. Of special interest to our team are two other commercial applications: space robotic systems and robot toys.

A review of robotic mechanisms for ultrasound examinations

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Abbasi Moshaii ◽  
Farshid Najafi
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Robotic Systems ◽  
Robotic Device ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Robotic Ultrasound ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Robotic Devices

Purpose – This paper aims to review the mechanical characteristics of the robotic mechanisms developed for ultrasound examinations. This will help to extract those mechanical features which together can produce a design with superior functionality. Design/methodology/approach – Following an introduction regarding ultrasound examination, this paper discusses the concept of robotic ultrasound imaging and classifies the mechanisms in terms of their power trains used for robotic and haptic devices which assist physicians to perform ultrasound imaging on patients. A set of mechanical characteristics which together can generate a superior design is also presented. Findings – The present paper shows that the robotic devices developed so far can perform ultrasound examinations. Each design with its own advantageous characteristics, and their simultaneous implementation in a new design, will create a robotic device with improved performance. Originality/value – This paper provides a detailed review of the developments of the robotic systems for ultrasound examinations and some guidelines for new designs with improved functionality.

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