Ambient air. Measurement of elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) collected on filters

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Elemental Carbon ◽  
Ambient Air

Standardisation of a European measurement method for organic carbon and elemental carbon in ambient air: results of the field trial campaign and the determination of a measurement uncertainty and working range

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1249-1259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. C. Brown ◽  
Sonya Beccaceci ◽  
David M. Butterfield ◽  
Paul G. Quincey ◽  
Peter M. Harris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Measurement Uncertainty ◽  
Standard Method ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Elemental Carbon ◽  
Ambient Air

A standard method for measurements of organic carbon and elemental carbon has been produced.

scholarly journals Elemental and Organic Carbon, Ionic and Non ionic components in TSP and PM Particulates of Kathmandu 10 Valley, Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. Sharma ◽  
B. K. Bhattarai ◽  
B. K. Sapkota ◽  
M. B. Gewali ◽  
B. Kjeldstad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Elemental Carbon ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Particulate Matters ◽  
Carbonaceous Aerosols ◽  
Vehicular Emission ◽  
Wind Pattern ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Air Sampler ◽  
Ionic Components

Particulate matters of different aerodynamic diameters; TSP, PM10 for 24 hours were collected on quartz 47mm filter paper using Frm OMNITM Ambient Air Sampler from December 2010 to March 2011 and analyzed. The analysis of these sample collected were carried out by gravimetric, X-ray fluorescent and ion-chromatographic methods. TSP value for the observed period lies between 31.3-84.08 μg/m3 while PM10 ranges from 39.5-104.2 μg/m3. Daily carbonaceous aerosols concentration in TSP varied widely between (5.3-18.2 μg/m3) for Organic carbon (OC) and 5.6-10.2 μg/m3 for Elemental carbon (EC). Similarly in PM10 the range was from 4.8-14.1 and 3.9-10.1 μg/m3 respectively. The OC/EC ratio in the particulate matters ranges from 0.9-1.4. OC/EC ratio within 1.1 infers vehicular emission as a major source of carbonaceous aerosols in the valley. Further, among the nonionic components analyzed (K, Ca, Fe, Ti and Pb ) showed highest concentration of Fe as 2.5 μg/m3 while lowest of Pb as 0.001 μg/m3.The ionic components analyzed shows presence of SO4 2- and NH4 + in most of the samples while Cl-, NO3- and Ca2+ are only in few samples. Few samples of soil analyzed shows maximum of 32 elements. Variation in the concentration of ionic nonionic and carbonaceous aerosols is not related with wind pattern and its velocity.Journal of the Institute of Engineering, 2015, 11(1): 79-87

scholarly journals Characteristics of Organic Carbon and Elemental Carbon in the Ambient Air of Coking Plant

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 1485-1493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofeng Liu ◽  
Lin Peng ◽  
Huiling Bai ◽  
Ling Mu
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Elemental Carbon ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Coking Plant

scholarly journals Thermal-optical analysis for the measurement of elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) in ambient air a literature review

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 9649-9712 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Karanasiou ◽  
M. C. Minguillón ◽  
M. Viana ◽  
A. Alastuey ◽  
J.-P. Putaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Elemental Carbon ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Correction Method ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Light Transmittance ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Optical Analysis ◽  
The Difference

Abstract. Thermal-optical analysis is currently under consideration by the European standardization body (CEN) as the reference method to quantitatively determine organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) in ambient air. This paper presents an overview of the critical parameters related to the thermal-optical analysis including thermal protocols, critical factors and interferences of the methods examined, method inter-comparisons, inter-laboratory exercises, biases and artifacts, and reference materials. The most commonly used thermal protocols include NIOSH-like, IMPROVE_A and EUSAAR_2 protocols either with light transmittance or reflectance correction for charring. All thermal evolution protocols are comparable for total carbon (TC) concentrations but the results vary significantly concerning OC and especially EC concentrations. Thermal protocols with a rather low peak temperature in the inert mode like IMPROVE_A and EUSAAR_2 tend to classify more carbon as EC compared to NIOSH-like protocols, while charring correction based on transmittance usually leads to smaller EC values compared to reflectance. The difference between reflectance and transmittance correction tends to be larger than the difference between different thermal protocols. Nevertheless, thermal protocols seem to correlate better when reflectance is used as charring correction method. The difference between EC values as determined by the different protocols is not only dependent on the optical pyrolysis correction method, but also on the chemical properties of the samples due to different contributions from various sources. The overall conclusion from this literature review is that it is not possible to identify the "best" thermal-optical protocol based on literature data only, although differences attributed to the methods have been quantified when possible.

Characterisation and source apportionment of atmospheric organic and elemental carbon in an urban–rural fringe area of Taiyuan, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Ling Mu ◽  
Mei Tian ◽  
Lirong Zheng ◽  
Xuemei Li ◽  
Danhua Jing
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Vehicle Emissions ◽  
Elemental Carbon ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Source Analysis ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Fringe Area

Environmental contextCarbonaceous aerosols are major components of atmospheric fine-particulate material. We studied the characteristics and sources of carbonaceous aerosols in the urban–rural fringe area of Taiyuan, China, and found that pollutant levels were generally higher than in similar areas of northern China, and that vehicle emissions were the dominant source. The study highlights the importance of source analysis to help control pollution from particulate matter in the ambient air. AbstractThe concentrations of organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) were measured in 2017 at an urban–rural fringe area of Taiyuan. The annual average concentrations of PM2.5, OC and EC were 143±56, 13±8 and 10±6μgm−3 respectively, which were higher than those in most northern suburban and rural areas in China. Long-range transport and local resuspended dust caused by strong winds during the spring contributed strongly to PM2.5 mass concentrations. The OC and EC concentrations exhibited strong seasonal variations, with higher values in winter and spring, while poor correlations between OC and EC indicated the complexity of aerosol particle sources in winter and spring. Absolute principal component analysis (APCA) using eight carbon fractions was applied to determine the source contributions of total carbon (TC) in PM2.5. During winter, 61% of TC was attributed to mixed sources from coal combustion, biomass combustion and secondary organic carbon (SOC) formation, 23% to vehicle emissions, and 10% to regional origins. During spring, 57% of TC was attributed to vehicle exhaust, 18% to regional transport and SOC formation, and 13% to biomass burning. Comparative studies of hazy and non-hazy periods revealed the significance of SOC formation during hazy days.

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