Geometrical product specifications (GPS). Guidelines for the evaluation of coordinate measuring machine (CMM) test uncertainty for CMMs using single and multiple stylus contacting probing systems

Background. Recently, non-presintered chromium-cobalt (Cr-Co) blocks with the commercial name of Ceramill Sintron were introduced to the market. However, comprehensive studies on the dimensional accuracy and fit of multi-unit frameworks made of these blocks using the coordinate measuring machine (CMM) are lacking. This study aimed to assess and compare the dimensional changes and fit of conventional casting and milled frameworks using Ceramill Sintron. Methods. A metal model was designed and scanned and 5-unit frameworks were fabricated using two techniques: (I) the conventional casting method (n=20): the wax model was designed, milled in the CAD/CAM machine, flasked and invested; (II) the milling method using Ceramill Sintron blocks (n=20): the wax patterns of group 1 were used; Ceramill Sintron blocks were milled and sintered. Measurements were made on the original reference model and the fabricated frameworks using the CMM in all the three spatial dimensions, and dimensional changes were recorded in a checklist. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, and the two groups were compared using one-way ANOVA and Tukey test (α=0.05). Results. The fabricated frameworks in both groups showed significant dimensional changes in all the three dimensions. Comparison of dimensional changes between the two groups revealed no significant differences (P>0.05) except for transverse changes (arch) that were significantly greater in Ceramill Sintron frameworks (P<0.05). Conclusion. The two manufacturing processes were the same regarding dimensional changes and the magnitude of marginal gaps and both processes resulted in significant dimensional changes in frameworks. Ceramill Sintron frameworks showed significantly greater transverse changes than the conventional frameworks.

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The study on error compensation of the probe system for nano coordinate measuring machine

2016 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO) ◽

10.1109/3m-nano.2016.7824958 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Cuicui Du ◽

Xugang Feng ◽

Xinguang Li ◽

Jiayan Zhang

Keyword(s):

Error Compensation ◽

Coordinate Measuring Machine ◽

Probe System ◽

Measuring Machine

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The Influence of Automated Machining Strategy on Geometric Deviations of Machined Surfaces

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11052353 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 2353

Author(s):

Ján Varga ◽

Teodor Tóth ◽

Peter Frankovský ◽

Ľudmila Dulebová ◽

Emil Spišák ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Control System ◽

Surface Quality ◽

Coordinate Measuring Machine ◽

Geometric Tolerance ◽

Geometric Tolerances ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Geometric Deviations ◽

Measuring Machine ◽

Overlap Parameter ◽

Total Average

This paper deals with various automated milling strategies and their influence on the accuracy of produced parts. Among the most important factors for surface quality is the automated milling strategy. Milling strategies were generated from two different programs, CAM system SolidCAM, with the help of workshop programming in the control system Heidenhain TNC 426. In the first step, simulations of different toolpaths were conducted. Using geometric tolerance is becoming increasingly important in robotized production, but its proper application requires a deeper understanding. This article presents the measurement of selected planes of robotized production to evaluate their flatness, parallelism and perpendicularity deviations after milling on the coordinate measuring machine Carl Zeiss Contura G2. Total average deviations, including all geometric tolerances, were 0.020 mm for SolidCAM and 0.016 mm for Heidenhain TNC 426. The result is significantly affected by the flatness of measured planes, where the overlap parameter of the tools has a significant impact on the flatness of the surface. With interchangeable cutter plate tools, it is better to use higher overlap to achieve better flatness. There is a significant difference in production time, with SolidCAM 25 min and 30 s, and Heidenhain 48 min and 19 s. In accordance with these findings, the SolidCAM system is more suitable for production.

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Study of Machining of Gears with Regular and Modified Outline Using CNC Machine Tools

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14112913 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (11) ◽

pp. 2913

Author(s):

Rafał Gołębski ◽

Piotr Boral

Keyword(s):

Machine Tools ◽

Coordinate Measuring Machine ◽

Optical Microscope ◽

Numerical Control ◽

Cnc Machine Tools ◽

Cnc Milling ◽

Cnc Machine ◽

Cylindrical Gears ◽

Measuring Machine ◽

Five Axis

Classic methods of machining cylindrical gears, such as hobbing or circumferential chiseling, require the use of expensive special machine tools and dedicated tools, which makes production unprofitable, especially in small and medium series. Today, special attention is paid to the technology of making gears using universal CNC (computer numerical control) machine tools with standard cheap tools. On the basis of the presented mathematical model, a software was developed to generate a code that controls a machine tool for machining cylindrical gears with straight and modified tooth line using the multipass method. Made of steel 16MnCr5, gear wheels with a straight tooth line and with a longitudinally modified convex-convex tooth line were machined on a five-axis CNC milling machine DMG MORI CMX50U, using solid carbide milling cutters (cylindrical and ball end) for processing. The manufactured gears were inspected on a ZEISS coordinate measuring machine, using the software Gear Pro Involute. The conformity of the outline, the tooth line, and the gear pitch were assessed. The side surfaces of the teeth after machining according to the planned strategy were also assessed; the tests were carried out using the optical microscope Alicona Infinite Focus G5 and the contact profilographometer Taylor Hobson, Talysurf 120. The presented method is able to provide a very good quality of machined gears in relation to competing methods. The great advantage of this method is the use of a tool that is not geometrically related to the shape of the machined gear profile, which allows the production of cylindrical gears with a tooth and profile line other than the standard.

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