Synthetic surfaces for outdoor sports areas. Specification

Abstract Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, compulsory masks became an integral part of outdoor sports such as jogging in crowded areas (e.g. city parks) as well as indoor sports in gyms and sports centers. This study, therefore, aimed to investigate the effects of medical face masks on performance and cardiorespiratory parameters in athletes. Methods In a randomized, cross-over design, 16 well-trained athletes (age 27 ± 7 years, peak oxygen consumption 56.2 ± 5.6 ml kg−1 min−1, maximum performance 5.1 ± 0.5 Watt kg−1) underwent three stepwise incremental exercise tests to exhaustion without mask (NM), with surgical mask (SM) and FFP2 mask (FFP2). Cardiorespiratory and metabolic responses were monitored by spiroergometry and blood lactate (BLa) testing throughout the tests. Results There was a large effect of masks on performance with a significant reduction of maximum performance with SM (355 ± 41 Watt) and FFP2 (364 ± 43 Watt) compared to NM (377 ± 40 Watt), respectively (p < 0.001; ηp2 = 0.50). A large interaction effect with a reduction of both oxygen consumption (p < 0.001; ηp2 = 0.34) and minute ventilation (p < 0.001; ηp2 = 0.39) was observed. At the termination of the test with SM 11 of 16 subjects reported acute dyspnea from the suction of the wet and deformed mask. No difference in performance was observed at the individual anaerobic threshold (p = 0.90). Conclusion Both SM and to a lesser extent FFP2 were associated with reduced maximum performance, minute ventilation, and oxygen consumption. For strenuous anaerobic exercise, an FFP2 mask may be preferred over an SM.

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Outdoor Sports: Winter

The Sports Medicine Physician ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-10433-7_40 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 553-568

Author(s):

R. Kyle Martin ◽

Mitchell I. Kennedy ◽

J. P. Begly ◽

Rob LaPrade ◽

Lars Engebretsen

Keyword(s):

Outdoor Sports

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A Study on impact of smartphone addiction on academic performance

International Journal of Engineering & Technology ◽

10.14419/ijet.v7i2.6.10066 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (2.6) ◽

pp. 50 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pamela Chaudhury ◽

Hrudaya Kumar Tripathy

Keyword(s):

Academic Performance ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Machine Learning Techniques ◽

Smartphone Addiction ◽

Active Involvement ◽

Outdoor Sports ◽

Using Data ◽

The Masses ◽

The Impact

Smartphone addiction is increasingly affecting the masses and is negatively impacting the younger generation. Several researches have been done to study the impact of internet and smartphone addiction. However no work has been done to predetermine academic performance from smartphone addiction using data mining techniques. A total of 222 University students participated in the questionnaire. The survey questionnaire consisted of demographic information, internet access pattern and smartphone addiction pattern. Data was analysed using machine learning techniques using classification models. The results further encouraged us to find the correlation between smartphone addiction and academic performance. Pearson’ correlation was used to establish that smartphone usage had a negative impact on academic performance. Additionally other attributes like internet connectivity and active involvement in outdoor sports activities were investigated. Experimental results confirmed a negative correlation of these attributes with academic performance. The findings were of immense use and could be used to reduce the internet addiction amongst the student community and also enhance their academic performance

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