Reaction to fire tests. Mass loss measurement

In this study, graphene/silver nanowire (Gr/AgNW)-based, Fe-C coated long period fiber gratings (LPFG) sensors were tested up to 72 hours in 3.5 w.t% NaCl solution for corrosion-induced mass loss measurement under four strain levels: 0, 500, 1000 and 1500 µε. The crack and interfacial bonding behaviors of laminate Fe-C and Gr/AgNW layer structures were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and electrical resistance measurement. Both optical transmission spectra and electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data were simultaneously measured from each sensor. Under increasing strains, transverse cracks appeared first and were followed by longitudinal cracks on the laminate layer structures. The spacing of transverse cracks and the length of longitudinal cracks were determined by the bond strength at the weak Fe-C and Gr/AgNW interface. During corrosion tests, the shift in resonant wavelength of the Fe-C coated LPFG sensors resulted from the effects of the Fe-C layer thinning and the NaCl solution penetration through cracks on the evanescent field surrounding the LPFG sensors. Compared with the zero-strained sensor, the strain-induced cracks on the laminate layer structures initially increased and then decreased the shift in resonant wavelength in two main stages of the Fe-C corrosion process. In each corrosion stage, the Fe-C mass loss was linearly related to the shift in resonant wavelength under zero strain and with the applied strain taken into account in general cases. The general correlation equation was validated at 700 and 1200 µε to a maximum error of 2.5% in comparison with 46.5% from the zero-strain correlation equation.

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An emissions-based fuel mass loss measurement for wood-fired hydronic heaters

Biomass and Bioenergy ◽

10.1016/j.biombioe.2020.105731 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 142 ◽

pp. 105731

Author(s):

Joshua M. Weisberger ◽

Joseph P. Richter ◽

Joseph C. Mollendorf ◽

Paul E. DesJardin

Keyword(s):

Mass Loss ◽

Loss Measurement ◽

Fuel Mass

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Measurement of Outgassing in a Vacuum Environment

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.277-279.831 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 277-279 ◽

pp. 831-837

Author(s):

Yong Hyeon Shin ◽

Seung Soo Hong ◽

In Tae Lim ◽

J.H. Kim ◽

Dae Jin Seong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Loss ◽

Production Process ◽

Measurement Method ◽

Suitable Method ◽

Nano Technology ◽

Loss Measurement ◽

Measurement Systems ◽

And Function

Outgassing, the evolution of gas from the material in a vacuum, is not only a source of micro contamination in a semiconductor or the flat display panel production process, but it also a limitation factor in the ultra clean process of nano-technology. The outgassing from the materials of satellites and spacecrafts must be controlled for increased safety and function because space is also a vacuum environment. Several methods are used in outgassing measurement in general, but there is no one method suitable for obtaining all outgassing data. The most suitable method for a particular application must be chosen by the experimenter or user. Three types of outgassing measurement systems were fabricated and characterized, ‘Throughput method,’ ‘Rate of Rise method’ and ‘Mass Loss Measurement method’. The outgassing rates of many kinds of materials were measured and characterized using these systems.

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