Characterization of sludges. Protocol for organizing and conducting inter-laboratory tests of methods for chemical and microbiological analysis of sludges

2007 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Microbiological Analysis

scholarly journals Caracterização físico-química e microbiológica do esgoto da UEPB com proposta de tratamento para fins de reuso

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
M. U. Sousa ◽  
L. M. R. Lima
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Preliminary Treatment ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
State University ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Microbiological Characteristics ◽  
Receive Treatment

<p>Nos últimos anos, a preocupação com as questões ambientais vem sendo bastante discutidas, onde merece destaque, o descarte indevido do esgoto doméstico no meio ambiente, portanto o presente estudo objetivou realizar a caracterização físico-química e microbiológica do esgoto descartado no solo, no Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, campus de Campina Grande – PB. Para tanto foram desenvolvidas análises físico-químicas, tais como pH, Fósforo Total, DBO, DQO, Nitratos, Nitritos, Nitrogênio Amoniacal, Orto-Fosfatos e Alcalinidade, bem como análise microbiológica (coliformes). Observou-se que o efluente na unidade em questão não recebe tratamento para seu descarte, sendo identificadas características físico-químicas e microbiológicas de esgoto <em>in natura</em>. Faz-se necessário desta forma, investimentos em análises periódicas para assim realizar um tratamento adequado ao efluente visando-se reduzir os riscos ambientais e de saúde pública. Após os resultados das análises, foi proposto, além do tratamento preliminar, um tratamento biológico para o efluente, do tipo, lagoa facultativa primária seguida de duas lagoas de maturação, onde a eficiência do tratamento nos parâmetros analisados se enquadra aos padrões estabelecidos pelo CONAMA 430/2011, na qual o efluente pós - tratado poderia ser reutilizado para fins menos nobres, destinando a água potável para atividades que requerem uma qualidade melhor.</p><p><strong><em>Physicochemical and microbiological characterization of wasterwater of the UEPB with proposed of treatment for reuse purposes</em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>: </strong>In recent years, concern about environmental issues has been widely discussed, which deserves mention the improper disposal of domestic sewage into the environment, so this study aimed to perform the physicochemical and microbiological sewage discarded the soil, in the Science and Technology Center of the State University of Paraiba, campus of Campina Grande - PB. Therefore, we developed physical-chemical analysis such as pH, Total Phosphorus, BOD, COD, Nitrate, Nitrite, Ammonia Nitrogen, Orto-Phosphates and alkalinity, as well as microbiological analysis (coliforms). It was noted that the effluent in the unit in question does not receive treatment for their disposal, identified physical, chemical and microbiological characteristics of raw sewage. It is necessary therefore, investment in periodic reviews thus to carry out an appropriate treatment to effluent aiming to reduce environmental risks and public health. After the analysis results, it was proposed, in addition to preliminary treatment, a biological treatment for the effluent, type, primary facultative pond followed by two ponds maturation, in which the treatment efficiency in the analyzed parameters falls within the standards set by CONAMA 430/2011 in which the effluent post-treaty could be reused for less noble purposes, intended to clean water for activities that require a better quality<strong>.</strong></p>

scholarly journals Effect of the Addition of Soy Protein (Glycine Max Merryl) on the Composition of Cooked Ham

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Romero Machado ◽  
T. Zambrano Núñez ◽  
P. Pino Falconí
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Soy Protein ◽  
Sensory Analysis ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Cooked Ham

The present study aimed to assess the bromatological composition when soy protein was added in the preparation of cooked ham. An experimental approach was used. There were three treatments in which 2.50% (T1), 5.00% (T2) and 7.50% (T3) soy protein was added; these were compared to a control treatment (T0). A randomized design was applied and means were analyzed according to Tukey at 5%. The following laboratory tests were carried out in the ham finished product: bromatological analysis, microbiological analysis and sensory analysis. The results obtained were as follows: fiber: 2.27%; humidity: 63.53%; fat: 7.47%; protein: 20.23%; ash: 1.83%; and carbohydrates: 4.68%. Significant differences were found between the addition of 7.50% of soy protein compared to the 0% control treatment. It can be concluded from the results that the addition of soy protein to ham increases the content of fiber, fat, protein, ash and carbohydrates, and the best treatment without affecting the characteristics of the finished product is the addition of 7.50% soy protein. Keywords: meat products, ham, soy protein. RESUMEN El presente estudio tiene como objetivo adicionar proteína de soya en la elaboración de jamón cocido y valorar la composición bromatológica. El método utilizado en la investigación es experimental manejando tres tratamientos en los cuales se añadió proteína de soya en 2,50 (T1), 5,00 (T2) y 7,50 (T3)%, que se los comparó a un tratamiento control (T0), se aplicó un diseño completamente al azar y separación de medias según Tukey al 5%, en el jamón como producto terminado, se realizaron las siguientes pruebas de laboratorio; análisis bromatológico, análisis sensorial.  Los resultados obtenidos de fibra (2,27%), humedad (63,53%), grasa (7,47%), proteína (20,23%), ceniza (1,83%) y carbohidratos (4,68%), se encontró diferencias significativas entre la adición de 7,50% de proteína de soya frente al tratamiento control 0%. Con los resultados se puede aludir que las formulaciones de jamón con adición de proteína de soya, aumenta los contenido de fibra, grasa, proteína, ceniza y carbohidratos  en relación a un tratamiento control, se puede establecer  que el mejor tratamiento es con la adición del 7,50% de proteína de soya sin que afecte las características del producto terminado Palabras claves: productos cárnicos, jamón, proteína de soya.

FAMILIAL HEMATURIC NEPHRITIS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 808-818
Author(s):  
Leonard Rome ◽  
F. E. Cuppage ◽  
Victor Vertes
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Genetic Patterns ◽  
Renal Biopsies

This report concerns the evaluation of a family of patients with familial hematuric nephritis. Studies included genetic patterns, ophthalmologic and audiometric evaluations, laboratory tests of renal function, and renal biopsies. The characterization of the results is discussed in light of the possible pathogenesis and significance of this disease.

The TUDID Study – Background and Design of a Prospective Cohort

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Assad Jaghutriz ◽  
Robert Wagner ◽  
Stephanie Kullmann ◽  
Louise Fritsche ◽  
Sabine S. Eckstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Diabetes Complications ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Tailored Treatment ◽  
The Individual

AbstractPrevalence of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus is growing worldwide and one major cause for morbidity and mortality. However, not every patient develops diabetes-related complications, but causes for the individual susceptibility are still not fully understood. As a platform to address this, we initiated the TUDID (TUebingen DIabetes Database) study, a prospective, monocentric, observational study that includes adults with diabetes mellitus who are treated in the inpatient clinic of a University Hospital in southern Germany. Besides a thorough clinical examination and extensive laboratory tests (with integrated biobanking), major study focuses are the kidneys, the eyes, the vasculature as well as cognition and mood where standardized investigations for early stages for diabetes complications are performed. Analyses of the data generated by this precise characterization of diabetes-related complications will contribute to our understanding of the development and course of such complications, and thus facilitate the implementation of tailored treatment options that can reduce the risk and severity of diabetes-related complications.

Stress-strain behaviour analysis of Middle Polish glacial tills from Warsaw (Poland) based on the interpretation of advanced field and laboratory tests

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 562-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Bąkowska ◽  
Dobak Dobak ◽  
Ireneusz Gawriuczenkow ◽  
Kamil Kiełbasiński ◽  
Tomasz Szczepański ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Strength Reduction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Permeability Characteristics ◽  
Geological Engineering ◽  
Triaxial Strength ◽  
Strain Behaviour ◽  
Glacial Tills

Abstract The selected parameters of the Wartanian and Odranian tills, with relation to their spatial occurrence, grain size distribution, mineralogical composition, matric suction and other physical characteristics, are presented. The assessment of the lithogenesis and stress history on the microstructure is attempted. The comparison of the compression and permeability characteristics from field and laboratory tests has been performed. Laboratory consolidation tests carried out with up to 20MPa vertical stress, revealed two yield stress values, one in the range of a couple hundreds kPa, the other in the range of a couple thousands kPa. Based on those results, the reliability of the soil preconsolidation assessment, with the use of the two different methods is discussed. The aspect of the triaxial strength reduction under the dynamic loading of diverse frequency and amplitude is raised. The research results depict a variety of possible geological-engineering characteristics, under the divergent constraints scenarios, of compression or strength weakening origin. The effects of the specialized research program will widen the possibilities of physio-mechanical and structural characterization of soils for geological-engineering purposes.

scholarly journals Microfabricated sol-gel relative humidity sensors for soil suction measurement during laboratory tests

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 1176-1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaela Cardoso ◽  
Gabriele Sarapajevaite ◽  
Oleksandr Korsun ◽  
Susana Cardoso ◽  
Laura Ilharco
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Unsaturated Soils ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Water Retention Curve ◽  
Retention Curve ◽  
Calibration Protocol ◽  
Scientific Potential

Currently there are no small sensors that can be incorporated inside soil samples for laboratory testing, to monitor water transport during loading. This is an important limitation to a better understanding of the hydromechanical coupled behaviour of soils. A sol-gel relative humidity sensor (11 mm × 11 mm), microfabricated in a clean room environment, was conceived to be incorporated in soil specimens during standard laboratory tests. The sensor operates based on changes in electrical resistivity detected by a cerium-doped silica–titania film deposited using a sol-gel technique over interdigitated aluminium electrodes spaced at 300 μm. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, sol-gel sensors for relative humidity measurement have never been used in soils; therefore, this is a novel application. The water retention curve of compacted kaolin was measured with the sensors and compared with the curve found using water dewpoint potentiometer WP4-C. The sensors were also tested incorporated in an oedometer cell, in which load was applied under vapour equilibrium. It was possible to detect the increment of the degree of saturation during compression. The use of the developed sensors incorporated in soils is considered acceptable for suction ranges between 1 and 10 MPa, which extends the suction interval covered by tensiometers, normally operating up to 2 MPa. Although the sensors require improvements in terms of sol-gel deposition and calibration protocol, the results confirm their scientific potential for being used in testing and characterization of unsaturated soils.

Energy Based Characterization of Fatigue Behaviour of Cyclically Unstable Materials

2009 ◽  
Vol 147-149 ◽  
pp. 512-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewald Macha ◽  
Jacek Slowik ◽  
Roland Pawliczek
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Fatigue Behaviour ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Loop Control System ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Close Loop Control ◽  
Close Loop Control System

The paper presents a definition of a new energy based parameter which allows to better describe fatigue proprieties of materials, especially cyclically unstable materials in comparison with the Lagoda-Macha parameter. The proposed parameter distinguishes positive and negative work of external force and depends on the sign of the stresses in paths of strain in materials. It is used in laboratory tests for control of a fatigue process on hydraulic stand. A close-loop control system has been equipped with computer program based on MATLAB/Simulink module.

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