Machines for surface cleaning and pre-treatment of industrial items using liquids or vapours

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Cleaning ◽  
Pre Treatment

Plasma Surface Treatment: Effects on Mechanical and Corrosion Protection Properties of Hybrid Sol–Gel Coatings

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Subasri
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Corrosion Protection ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Surface Cleaning ◽  
Al Alloys ◽  
Plasma Surface ◽  
Wet Chemical ◽  
Pre Treatment

Surface cleaning and activation of substrates are two critical processes that affect the mechanical and corrosion resistance properties of protective coatings when deposited on the substrates. Surface cleaning removes the contaminants, for example, grease on the substrate, and surface activation introduces active bonds on the substrate thereby increasing the surface free energy. Conventionally, surface cleaning and activation of aluminum and its alloys are carried out by a wet chemical technique. A convenient and safe alternate to the wet chemical cleaning/activation would be to use plasma for the same purpose. Plasma surface pre-treatment greatly improves adhesion of coatings deposited, which is very vital for good corrosion protection and mechanical properties such as scratch and abrasion resistance. Cold and atmospheric air plasma treatments have been the most widely studied pre-treatments for Al alloys. This article will discuss the advancements in the use of plasma treatment on Al/Al alloys and its effect on corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of coatings deposited after the surface treatment.

Investigation of Cathodic Cleaning Processes of Aluminum Alloy

2015 ◽  
Vol 220-221 ◽  
pp. 684-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raimonda Lukauskaitė ◽  
Algirdas Vaclovas Valiulis ◽  
Olegas Černašėjus
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Electric Discharge ◽  
Surface Cleaning ◽  
High Temperature Corrosion ◽  
Continuous Film ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
The Impact

On covering aluminum and its alloys with coatings resistant to high-temperature corrosion and attrition, abundant technological problems arise. The key problem is a removal of the film of aluminum oxide Аl2O3 from the aluminum substrate. This permanent, chemically continuous film of oxide reduces adhesion between the substrate and the coating. For improving cohesion of the coating with the substrate, an appropriate pre-treatment of aluminum is required. In the paper, cleaning of aluminum alloy AW 5754 by electric discharge is investigated. This method is considered one of most environmentally friendly methods of surface cleaning. The impact of the parameters of aluminum alloy cathodic cleaning on the surface cleaning width, its roughness and free energy of the surface were examined. In addition, the topography, microstructure and chemical composition of the surface of cleaned aluminum alloy were estimated.

TEM characterization of silicon epitaxial layer grown on Si-TaS2, eutectic composites

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 802-803
Author(s):  
C.M. Sung ◽  
M. Levinson ◽  
M. Tabasky ◽  
K. Ostreicher ◽  
B.M. Ditchek
Keyword(s):  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Bulk Sample ◽  
Surface Cleaning ◽  
Native Oxide ◽  
Czochralski Growth ◽  
Ion Milling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cleaning Methods ◽  
Field Emission Cathodes

Directionally solidified Si/TaSi2 eutectic composites for the development of electronic devices (e.g. photodiodes and field-emission cathodes) were made using a Czochralski growth technique. High quality epitaxial growth of silicon on the eutectic composite substrates requires a clean silicon substrate surface prior to the growth process. Hence a preepitaxial surface cleaning step is highly desirable. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of surface cleaning methods on the epilayer/substrate interface and the characterization of silicon epilayers grown on Si/TaSi2 substrates by TEM.Wafers were cut normal to the <111> growth axis of the silicon matrix from an approximately 1 cm diameter Si/TaSi2 composite boule. Four pre-treatments were employed to remove native oxide and other contaminants: 1) No treatment, 2) HF only; 3) HC1 only; and 4) both HF and HCl. The cross-sectional specimens for TEM study were prepared by cutting the bulk sample into sheets perpendicular to the TaSi2 fiber axes. The material was then prepared in the usual manner to produce samples having a thickness of 10μm. The final step was ion milling in Ar+ until breakthrough occurred. The TEM samples were then analyzed at 120 keV using the Philips EM400T.

EELS characterization of “Smut” layer films on steel surface prepared for chrome plating by anodic etching

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 538-539
Author(s):  
E Y. Wang ◽  
J. T. Cherian ◽  
A. Madsen ◽  
R. M. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Steel Surface ◽  
Surface Preparation ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Chrome Plating ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Alloy Steels ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Hard Chrome ◽  
Electron Energy Loss

Many steel parts are electro-plated with chromium to protect them against corrosion and to improve their wear-resistance. Good adhesion of the chrome plate to the steel surface, which is essential for long term durability of the part, is extremely dependent on surface preparation prior to plating. Recently, McDonnell Douglas developed a new pre-treatment method for chrome plating in which the steel is anodically etched in a sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution. On carbon steel surfaces, this anodic pre-treatment produces a dark, loosely adhering material that is commonly called the “smut” layer. On stainless steels and nickel alloys, the surface is only darkened by the anodic pre-treatment and little residue is produced. Anodic pre-treatment prior to hard chrome plating results in much better adherence to both carbon and alloy steels.We have characterized the anodic pre-treated steel surface and the resulting “smut” layer using various techniques including electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) on bulk samples and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) on stripped films.

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