Milk and milk products. Enumeration of colony-forming units of yeasts and/or moulds. Colony-count technique at 25°C

2004 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Colony Count ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
Colony Forming Units

scholarly journals Commercial milk products and indigenous weaning foods in a rural West African environment: a bacteriological perspective

1980 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. E. Barrell ◽  
M. G. M. Rowland
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Overgrowth ◽  
West African ◽  
Colony Count ◽  
Weaning Food ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Weaning Foods ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Commercial Milk

SUMMARYTwo commercially available baby milks, one ‘biologically acidified’, the other ‘non-acidified’, and a traditional weaning food, millet gruel, were prepared and stored under village conditions in West Africa. Increases in total colony count and in number ofBacillus cereus, Clostridium welchii, Staphylococcus aureusandEscherichia coliwere determined in these products when stored as commonly practised at ambient temperatures over a period of 8 h. Poor hygiene during preparation was indicated by readily detectable numbers of coliforms andE. coliin freshly prepared samples of each of the milks, though the cooked local gruel seemed less vulnerable in this respect. The rate of increase in the numbers of these organisms was lower in the acidified milk when prepared with unboiled water containing high numbers of coliforms andE. coli. Increases in total colony count and in numbers ofStaph. aureuswere also less marked in the acidified milk. When food was not eaten soon after preparation the problem of bacterial overgrowth was as great with the local gruel as with the considerably more nutritious reconstituted milks.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Efficacy of Silver Nanoparticles Incorporated in an Orthodontic Adhesive: An Animal Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Bahador ◽  
Baharnaz Ayatollahi ◽  
Azam Akhavan ◽  
Maryam Pourhajibagher ◽  
Mohammad Javad Kharazifard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Colony Count ◽  
Antimicrobial Efficacy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Central Incisor ◽  
Minimum Concentration ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
One Way Anova

Objectives: This study assessed the antimicrobial efficacy of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) incorporated in Transbond XT orthodontic adhesive used in rats. Materials and Methods: Transbond XT orthodontic adhesive containing 0%, 1%, 5% and 10% AgNPs was experimentally produced. Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=7) of control (0% AgNPs), 1% AgNPs, 5% AgNPs and 10% AgNPs. After anesthetizing the rats, one drop (10 μm) of the adhesive was applied on the central incisor, and light-cured for 20 s. Transbond XT composite (1×1×1 mm) was also applied. Another 10-μm drop was applied over it, and light-cured for 40 s. Biofilm test was carried out, and the number of colony forming units (CFUs) of Streptococcus sanguinis (S. sanguinis), Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) in the saliva of rats was counted at baseline and 24 h after the application of adhesive. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test. Results: In presence of 5% and 10% AgNPs, S. sanguinis and L. acidophilus counts were significantly lower than those in the control and 1% AgNP groups (P<0.05). The S. mutans colony count was significantly lower in presence of all concentrations of AgNPs compared with the control group (P<0.05). The S. mutans colony count in 10% AgNP group was significantly lower than that in 1% and 5% AgNP groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: Silver nanoparticles have dose-dependent antimicrobial effects; 5% concentration is the minimum concentration of AGNPs with optimal antimicrobial efficacy against all strains evaluated in this study.

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