Water quality. Selection and application of ready-to-use test kit methods in water analysis

Abstract. On 8 November 2013, super typhoon Haiyan made landfall in Philippines. On 24 November, the Chinese hospital ship arrived in Philippines to help with disaster relief efforts. Drinking water was collected at a variety of locations, and the concentration levels of lead were determined with field test kit. The results showed that the levels of lead in 67% of total collected water samples exceeded WHO's standard. Afterwards, the local government had taken many measures to ensure a safe water supply in next few months. This is the first report about water quality in Philippines after the disaster.

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Water source quality in Ahenema Kokoben, Ghana

Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development ◽

10.2166/washdev.2019.048 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 450-459 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Amadu Salifu ◽

Helen M. K. Essandoh ◽

Afsatou Ndama Traore ◽

Natasha Potgieter

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Microbiological Quality ◽

Water Source ◽

Water Sources ◽

Drinking Water Quality ◽

Physical Parameters ◽

Quality Of Water ◽

Guideline Values ◽

Test Kit

Abstract Regular monitoring of microbial quality of water used for drinking is an important aspect of public health. Microbiological quality, using a novel microbial water quality test kit – Compartment Bag Test (CBT; AguaGenX, LLC, Chapel Hill, NC, USA), and physical parameters (pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, temperature and electrical conductivity) of 94 different water sources used by communities in the Ahenema Kokoben area of Ghana for drinking were tested. Using the WHO drinking water quality risk categories for the presence of Escherichia coli indicator bacteria, only 56% (53/94) of the water sources were safe for drinking, while 29% (27/94) of the water sources were classified as high risk and unsafe for human purposes. Some of the physical parameters were also higher than guideline values and could have been a contributing factor to poor water quality. Overall, the CBT proved to be a reliable alternative to traditional and laboratory-dependent microbial drinking water quality tests which can be easily used by water authorities to make sure that water is safe to drink.

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Locally produced hydrogen sulphide detecting water quality test kits increase household level monitoring in rural Tanzania

Journal of Water and Health ◽

10.2166/wh.2018.220 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 359-368 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Fatuma Matwewe ◽

Kate Hyland ◽

Jacqueline Thomas

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Hydrogen Sulphide ◽

Water Sources ◽

Water Safety ◽

National Guidelines ◽

Community Members ◽

Quality Test ◽

Household Level ◽

Rural Tanzania ◽

Test Kit

Abstract In developing countries, rural water sources have the highest levels of faecal contamination but are the least monitored. Affordable field-based water quality tests are needed. The presence of faecal indicator bacteria can be determined with hydrogen sulphide (H2S) detecting tests, that are inexpensive and simple to make locally. In rural Tanzania, a non-governmental organisation (NGO) designed, produced and evaluated a new H2S water quality test kit. The H2S test results correlated with log10Escherichia coli densities from conventional water quality tests. The production cost was US$ 1.10 and the test retailed for US$ 1.37. In total, 433 tests were sold through local pharmacies and NGOs. Additionally, 165 WaSH education meetings, reaching 3,408 community members, were conducted with the H2S test demonstrated in over half the meetings. Pre- and post-surveys of 294 meeting participants saw an increased reporting of household level water treatment by 24%. The H2S test was widely accepted, with 94% of those surveyed willing to buy the test in the future. International and national guidelines for drinking water monitoring need to be amended to include locally produced H2S water quality tests. This will enable households to monitor their own water sources and make informed choices about water safety and treatment.

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Jarak Sumber Air Baku Air Minum dari Pusat Erupsi dan Risiko Kesehatan Masyarakat di Wilayah Pasca Erupsi Sinabung

JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN INDONESIA ◽

10.14710/jkli.19.2.103-110 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 103-110

Author(s):

Sri Malem Indirawati ◽

Haesti Sembiring

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Environmental Health ◽

Health Risks ◽

Water Source ◽

Raw Water ◽

Purposive Sampling ◽

Environmental Health Risks ◽

Test Kit ◽

Water Test

Latar belakang: Gunung sinabung sudah mengalami erupsi selama 9 tahun sejak bulan Agustus tahun 2010, hal ini menyebabkan perubahan ekosistem karena telah merubah struktur tanah dan mempengaruhi kualitas air di wilayah erupsi. Kondisi ini menimbulkan faktor risiko kesehatan pada masyarakat yang mengkonsumsi sumber air baku air minum yang tercemar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalis kualitas air minum masyarakat dan mengukur risiko kesehatan lingkungan yang timbul sebagai dampak dari erupsi berdasarkan jarak sumber air baku .Metode: Penelitian survei dengan design cross sectional berlokasi di hunian tetap desa Nang belawan kecamatan Simpang Empat kabupaten Karo propinsi Sumatera utara. Sampel meliputi air baku air minum yang diambil di empat lokasi. Air baku dianalisis dengan alat photometer water test kit AYI-IO, dan kemudian hasilnya dipetakan dengan analisis spasial berdasarkan jarak dari sumber erupsi ke sumber air baku. Sejumlah 56 kepala keluarga diambil secara purposive sampling di wilayah penelitian berdasarkan cemaran Pb tertinggi, selanjutnya dianalisa dengan metode Analisa Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan.Hasil: Seluruh sampel air tercemar Pb dengan rentang 0.17 -0.9 mg/L. Masyarakat dengan masa tinggal 4 tahun dan rerata berat badan 55 Kg dan mengkonsumsi 2 L/hari memiliki risiko kesehatan.Simpulan: Masyarakat yang bermukim di lokasi hunian tetap Nang Belawan 1 memiliki konsentrasi Pb maksimum 0,9 mg/L dan memiliki risiko kesehatan akibat mengkonsumsi air minum yang tercemar Pb. Pengelolaan air baku dengan metode penyaringan khusus dalam upaya menurunkan konsentrasi Pb perlu dilakukan agar dapat menurunkan risiko kesehatan. ABSTRACT Title: The Raw Water Source Distance From The Center Of Eruption And Public Health Risks in The Area of Sinabung Post-EruptionBackground: Mount Sinabung has been erupted for 9 years since August 2010, it caused ecosystem changing because it changed the soil structure and will affecting water quality in the eruption area. This condition raises environmental health risks for people who consume drinking water sources contaminated with volcanic dust pollutants. This study aims to analyze the quality of Pb in community drinking water and environmental health risks that arise as a result of eruptions and knowing the status of raw water quality based on the distance from the eruption center.Method: This is survey study with cross-sesctional design was located in Nang Belawan village Simpang Empat sub-District Karo District in North Sumatera Province with four locations for drinking water source samples. The raw water is analyzed by the AYI-IO water test kit, and then the results are mapped with spatial analysis based on the distance from the point of Mount Sinabung. 56 samples were taken by purposive sampling in the area with the highest Pb contamination, then analyzed by enviromental health risks assesmentResult: All samples of Pb polluted water ranged from 0.17 to 0.9 mg / L. People with a 4-year stay and average body weight of 55 kg and consuming 2 L / day had risks. Raw water with a distance of 9.66 - 11.43 Km from Sinabung is not safe for consumption.Conclusion: This indicates that people living in the Nang Belawan 1 Huntap location with maximum Pb concentration of 0.9 mg / L had a health risk due to contaminated raw water. Need to manage raw water as a source of drinking water with a special screening method, in an effort to reduce the concentration of Pb. The distance of the well 11.43 Km from the eruption center is not safe for consumption

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Effect of stocking density of juvenile Arapaima gigas on rearing water quality hematological and biochemical profile, and productive performance

Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research ◽

10.3856/vol49-issue2-fulltext-2588 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

pp. 193-201

Author(s):

Daniel Paredes-López ◽

Rizal Robles-Huaynate ◽

Carmela Rebaza-Alfaro ◽

José Delgado-Ramírez ◽

U. Aldava-Pardave

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Water Quality ◽

Dissolved Oxygen ◽

Stocking Density ◽

Biochemical Profile ◽

Productive Performance ◽

Mean Cell Volume ◽

Test Kit ◽

Arapaima Gigas ◽

Mean Concentration

At inadequate stocking density, fish generally show different physiological responses. The effects of stocking density on Arapaima gigas larvae productive parameters have been determined in a previous study. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the stocking density on the water quality, hematological and biochemical profile, and productive performance of juvenile A. gigas. One hundred and eighty twelve months old, A. gigas were distributed into tanks using initial densities of 103.90, 157.95 and 220.11 kg m-3 with three replicates. Ammoniacal nitrogen, carbon dioxide, dissolved oxygen pH, alkalinity, and hardness were determined using a LaMotte Fish Farm 9, AQ-2 model, Maryland, USA, freshwater test kit. Blood samples were taken at 13, 14, and 15 months old by pricking the caudal vein and profiles of glucose (Glu), total protein (TP), albumin, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and urea, were determined in blood serum. Rearing water was saturated in ammoniac nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and dissolved oxygen but have not changed with the increase of stocking density (P < 0.05), Erythrocyte's count (EC) diminished (P < 0.05), nonetheless, hemoglobin, mean concentration hemoglobin (MCH) and mean cell volume (MCV) increased (P < 0.05). Albumin, AST, ALT and urea diminished at 220.11 kg m-3 stocking density (P < 0.05). The feed intake increased, final biomass gain was 100.26 ± 19.00, 119.10 ± 13.95, and 130.24 ± 08.07 kg m-3, but did not change as density increased (P < 0.05). Juveniles of A. gigas showed no variation in productive performance with an increase in the stocking density. Furthermore, hematological and biochemical adapting profile to high stocking densities characterized this species.

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