Liming materials. Description and minimum requirements

Three elements mainly wind, water and sun seemed to determine in ancient ages the basic phenomena of life on Earth. Architectural history documented the importance of sun influence on urban and building construction already in layouts of Mesopotamian and Greek houses. Not only sun radiation but especially daylight played a significant role in the creation of indoor environment. Later, in the 20th century, a search of interaction between human life in buildings and natural conditions were studied considering wellbeing and energy conscious design recently using computer tools in complex research and more detail interdisciplinary solutions. At the same time the restricted daytime availability of natural light was supplemented by more efficient and continually cheaper artificial lighting of interiors. There are two main approaches to standardize the design and evaluation of indoor visual environment. The first is based on the determination of the minimum requirements respecting human health and visibility needs in all activities while the second emphasizes the behaviour and comfort of occupants in buildings considering yeararound natural changes of physical quantities like light, temperature, noise and energy consumption. The new current standardization basis for daylight evaluation and window design criteria stimulate the study of methodology principles that historically were based on the overcast type of sky luminance pattern avoiding yearly availability of sky illuminance levels. New trends to base the daylight standardization on yearly or longterm availability of daylight are using the averages or median sky illuminance levels to characterise local climatological conditions. This paper offers the review and discussion about the principles of the natural light standardization with a short introduction to the history and current state, with a trial to focus on the possible development of lighting engineering and its standards in future.

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Comparison of Conventional and Pontic Fixed Partial Dentures Over Implants Using the Finite Element Method: Three-Dimensional Analysis of Cortical and Medullary Bone Stress

Journal of Oral Implantology ◽

10.1563/aaid-joi-d-19-00115 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 46 (3) ◽

pp. 175-181

Author(s):

Marcelo Bighetti Toniollo ◽

Mikaelly dos Santos Sá ◽

Fernanda Pereira Silva ◽

Giselle Rodrigues Reis ◽

Ana Paula Macedo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Finite Element Method ◽

Finite Element ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

The Finite Element Method ◽

Medullary Bone ◽

Principal Stresses ◽

Bone Stress ◽

Bone Damage ◽

Rehabilitation System ◽

Minimum Requirements

Rehabilitation with implant prostheses in posterior areas requires the maximum number of possible implants due to the greater masticatory load of the region. However, the necessary minimum requirements are not always present in full. This project analyzed the minimum principal stresses (TMiP, representative of the compressive stress) to the friable structures, specifically the vestibular face of the cortical bone and the vestibular and internal/lingual face of the medullary bone. The experimental groups were as follows: the regular splinted group (GR), with a conventional infrastructure on 3 regular-length Morse taper implants (4 × 11 mm); and the regular pontic group (GP), with a pontic infrastructure on 2 regular-length Morse taper implants (4 × 11 mm). The results showed that the TMiP of the cortical and medullary bones were greater for the GP in regions surrounding the implants (especially in the cervical and apical areas of the same region) but they did not reach bone damage levels, at least under the loads applied in this study. It was concluded that greater stress observed in the GP demonstrates greater fragility with this modality of rehabilitation; this should draw the professional's attention to possible biomechanical implications. Whenever possible, professionals should give preference to use of a greater number of implants in the rehabilitation system, with a focus on preserving the supporting tissue with the generation of less intense stresses.

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Health Cadres Commitmentin Child Health Care in Moslem Society of Banyumas District

International Conference of Moslem Society ◽

10.24090/icms.2016.2382 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 60-65

Author(s):

Umi Solikhah ◽

Hari Kusnanto ◽

Fitri Haryanti

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Child Health ◽

Health Services ◽

Group Discussion ◽

Community Empowerment ◽

Child Health Services ◽

Child Health Care ◽

Minimum Requirements ◽

Social Esteem ◽

The Government

Community empowerment with regard to maternal and child health services at the community level carried out by cadre.Cadre is health volunteers, selected by the community.404 number of active cadres in primary health care of South Purwokerto entirely female, although it may be a cadre of men. Active cadre toddler actively providing services every month for child before 5 years age. Interest to know the various reasons committed cadres in performing their duties. The method used is qualitative study,to describe a variety of reasons commitment to perform cadre duties in child health care. Retrieving data using interview techniques through the focus group discussion. Data from 30 cadres.Results of interviews taken until the data saturation, as a reason believed by cadres in the commitment to carry out tasks of serving the Muslim community. Characteristic respondent are mean of age 38 years (the youngest age of 25 years and the oldest 55 years old), a 100% Islamic religion, level of education majority of senior high school(at least primary school). Educational level health cadres in Banyumas has met the minimum requirements by the WHO.Results of the analysis showed thatcommitment includes a cadre of dedicated, caring community, a desire to learn, social esteem, individual satisfaction, togetherness, organization, and spirituality. The spirit of cadre to the community need the attention of the government for development and prosperity in accordance with their duties.Spiritual reasons become one of the motivations in providing health services to the community, albeit to a spirit of dedication and a great desire to learn. Cadres continue to provide services, even to families with different spiritual.

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AMPCO 940 and AMPCO-TRODE 940

Alloy Digest ◽

10.31399/asm.ad.cu0434 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 42 (3) ◽

Keyword(s):

Copper Alloys ◽

Heat Treating ◽

Resistance Welding ◽

Chromium Alloy ◽

Heat Treated ◽

Association Class ◽

Potential Applications ◽

Minimum Requirements ◽

Nickel Silicon ◽

Plastic Injection

Abstract AMPCO 940 is a precipitation-hardening copper-nickel-silicon-chromium alloy developed for resistance welding and other applications now using the 1% beryllium-copper alloys. The heat-treated alloy is capable of meeting the RWMA (Resistance Welder Manufacturers Association) Class 3 minimum requirements-95,000 psi tensile strength, 90 Rockwell B hardness and 45% IACS electrical conductivity. Potential applications include resistance welding tips, wheels and fixtures. A major use is in plastic injection molding. AMPCO-TRODE 940 is used for repair welding and overlays. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as casting, forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: CU-434. Producer or source: Ampco Metal Inc. Originally published as Ampcoloy 940, April 1982, revised March 1993.

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PART 6: Light Rail Transit: We Can’t Hear You! San Diego’s Techniques for Getting Balanced Community Input in Major Investment Studies

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board ◽

10.3141/1571-25 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 1571 (1) ◽

pp. 195-207 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Toni Botte Bates ◽

Dennis J. Wahl

Keyword(s):

Public Relations ◽

Public Involvement ◽

Public Works ◽

Light Rail ◽

Rail Transit ◽

Project Design ◽

State Laws ◽

Public Meetings ◽

Minimum Requirements ◽

Community Input

Virtually all public works projects require a substantial planning effort to identify impacts, costs, and alternatives. Federal and state laws and regulations call for certain levels of public involvement during planning, but meaningful, collaborative public involvement entails doing more than the minimum requirements. This is particularly true when there appears to be an imbalance in public input, where one viewpoint is heard above others. The San Diego Metropolitan Transit Development Board (MTDB) has undertaken efforts on two corridor projects to expand its public involvement in ways that maximize the range of community views, enhance project design, and build support for the project. In addition to the traditional public meetings, newsletters, and open houses, MTDB has used public relations firms, neutral facilitators, and staff outreach to achieve expanded public involvement goals. MTDB has found that, while there are risks and costs associated with these approaches, they ultimately result in better projects that receive more widespread public and political acceptance.

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