Guidance on the environmental impact of large-scale fires involving plastics materials

2001 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Large Scale

scholarly journals Acetylene hydrochlorination using Au/carbon: a journey towards single site catalysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (86) ◽  
pp. 11733-11746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grazia Malta ◽  
Simon J. Freakley ◽  
Simon A. Kondrat ◽  
Graham J. Hutchings
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Mercuric Chloride ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Single Site ◽  
Vinyl Chloride Monomer ◽  
Acetylene Hydrochlorination

The replacement of mercuric chloride in the production of vinyl chloride monomer, a precursor to PVC, would greatly reduce the environmental impact of this large scale industrial process.

Evaluation Indexes System for Assessing Road Construction with Recycled Waste Materials to Achieve Better Environmental Impacts

2011 ◽  
Vol 250-253 ◽  
pp. 1001-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
De Zhen Chen ◽  
Cui Jie Geng ◽  
Wen Zhou Sun
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Evaluation Indexes ◽  
Recycled Waste

Evaluation indexes system has been put forward in this paper for quantifying thesystematical energy consumption, resources consumption, total emissions’ change and waste disposal capacity in road construction with recycled waste materials involved. With help of this evaluation indexes system, the contributions to environmental improvement caused by recycling waste materials in road construction can be quantified through calculating savings on environmental impact potentials, savings on energy consumption, on virgin materials’ consumption and waste disposal capacity provided by road construction. Based on the construction project of a road section numbered No.20 EWK0+400 ~ EWK0+600 of North highway to Shanghai Pudong international airport, which was the first trial project of using several kinds of recycled waste materials including bottom ash from incinerators to replace commonly used materials such as gravel in large scale in road pavement, the results of the four indexes, namely, savings on energy consumption and virgin materials’ consumption, environmental impact potentials as well as waste disposal capacity were obtained. It was found out that with multi recycled waste materials replacing part of the common construction material, systematical energy consumption can be reduced by 30%, a large amount of virgin resource consumption can be avoid and road construction also provides a remarkable large “dumping site” for solid wastes; while at the same time environmental impact potentials were saved for most impact categories except for increase in Ecotoxicity, water chronic, which was caused by heavy metals’ leaching and can be prevented by pre-treatment. Those results are useful for guiding the utilization of recycled waste materials, as well as for developing new technology process and advanced materials in road construction.

Investigation of the two-decade environmental impact of large-scale agricultural cultivation and its impact on climate change in the Lajta-Project

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
András Polgár ◽  
Karolina Horváth ◽  
Imre Mészáros ◽  
Adrienn Horváth ◽  
András Bidló ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Agricultural Activity

<p>Crop production is applied on about half of Hungary’s land area, which amounts to approximately 4.5 million hectares. The agricultural activity has significant environmental impacts.</p><p>Our work aims the time series investigation of the impacts of large-scale agricultural cultivation<strong> </strong>on environment and primarily on climate change in<strong> </strong>the test area by applying environmental life cycle assessment (LCA) method.</p><p>The investigated area of Lajta Project can be found in the triangle formed by the settlements Mosonszolnok, Jánossomorja and Várbalog, in the north-western corner of Hungary, in Győr-Moson-Sopron county. The area has intense agri-environment characteristics, almost entirely lacking of grasslands and meadows.</p><p>We were looking for the answer to the question “To what extent does agricultural activity on this area impact the environment and how can it contribute to climate change during a given period?” The selection of the plants included in the analysis was justified by their significant growing area. We analysed the cultivation data of 5 crops: canola, winter barley, winter wheat, green maize and maize. Material flows of arable crop production technologies were defined in time series by the agricultural parcel register data. These covered the size of the area actually cultivated, the operational processes, records on seeds, fertilizer and pesticide use and harvest data by parcels. The examined environmental inventory database contained also the fuel consumption and lubricating oil usage of machine operations, and the water usage of chemical utilization.</p><p>In the life cycle modelling of cultivation, we examined 13 years of maize, 20 years of green maize, 20 years of winter barley, 18 years of winter wheat and 15 years of canola data calculated on 1 ha unit using GaBi life cycle analysis software.</p><p>In addition, we also calculated by an average cultivation model for all cultivated plants with reference data to 1 ha and 1 year period.</p><p>We applied methods and models in our life cycle impact assessment. According to the values of the impact categories, we set up the following increasing environmental ranking of plant cultivation: (1) canola has minimum environmental impacts followed by (2) green maize and (3) maize with slightly higher values, (4) winter barley has 6 times higher values preceded by (5) winter wheat with a slight difference. The previous environmental ranking of the specific cultivated plants’ contribution was also confirmed as regards the overall environmental impact: canola (1.0%) – green maize (4.9%) – maize (7.1%) – winter barley (43.1%) – winter wheat (44.0%).</p><p>Environmental impact category indicator results cumulated to total cultivation periods and total crop growing areas (quantitative approach) display the specific environmental footprints by crops. Increasing environmental ranking of environmental impacts resulted from cultivating the sample area is the following: (1) canola – (2) maize – (3) green maize – (4) winter barley – (5) winter wheat. The slight difference resulted in the rankings in quantitative approach according to the rankings of territorial approach on the investigated area is due to the diversity of cultivation time factor and the crop-growing parameter of the specific crops.</p><p>Acknowledgement: Our research was supported by the „Lajta-Project”.</p>

Advantages and Basic Areas of Application of Solar Concentrating Modules With Louvered Heliostats

2021 ◽  
pp. 152-181
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Tall Buildings ◽  
Effective Energy ◽  
Building Projects ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Reducing Energy

In connection with the large-scale development of high-rise building projects recently in Russia and abroad and their significant energy consumption, one of the main principles in designing is the use of effective energy-saving technologies. Also, important aspects are reducing energy consumption and neutralizing the environmental impact of tall buildings. The most promising areas in the field of integration of solar modules (planar and concentrating) in the construction of buildings are development of BIPV technologies (roofing, film, facade materials), the integration of solar energy concentrators that do not require biaxial tracking (medium and low concentrations) on the facades and roofs of buildings (parabolic concentrators, lenses, and Fresnel mirrors), integration of highly concentrated modules on the roofs of buildings.

Analysis of the Construction of Qilihai South Pumping Station’s Ecological and Environmental Impact on Qilihai Wetland

2015 ◽  
Vol 744-746 ◽  
pp. 2362-2366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Guo Xu ◽  
Jin Feng Qu ◽  
Fang Qing Dong ◽  
Chun Li Chu ◽  
Gui Mei Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Ecological Function ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Water Conservancy Project ◽  
Water Conservancy ◽  
The Impact

The construction of water conservancy project will inevitably have some impact on the surrounding ecological environment, while construction of the water conservancy facilities is indispensable for the full play of wetland ecological function. It involving how to avoid damage to the local ecological environment in the process of large-scale water conservancy construction has become an important problem that construction of China's water conservancy project has to face.This paper analyses the construction of Qilihai south pumping station’s ecological and environmental impact on Qilihai wetland to give an example for the impact of water conservancy project.

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