Transportable gas cylinders. Gas cylinder valves. Manufacturing tests and inspections

Abstract As important equipment in the entire hydrogen industry chain, composite hydrogen storage cylinders for transportation have developed rapidly in recent years. The fire test is used to verify the explosion resistance of gas cylinders under specified fire conditions. Compared to steel gas cylinder, composite gas cylinder is more dangerous in the fire condition. The wound layer, as the main pressure-bearing structure of the composite hydrogen storage cylinder, is inflammable. In the case of fire, the mechanical properties of the cylinder will degrade quickly due to the high temperature. If the gas inside the cylinder cannot be discharged in time, the cylinder explosion will occur. Currently, some relevant standards or standard drafts have been drawn up by the international organizations, which are useful for formulating Chinese standard for hydrogen storage cylinders for transportation. The applicable scope of the standards was discussed in this paper, such as composite cylinder type, working pressure, nominal volume and design life, etc. The fire test methods of composite gas cylinders in various standards were compared and analyzed, such as experiment method, cylinder placement method, cylinder filling requirements, fuel selection, fire source setting, temperature measurement requirements, and qualified indicators, etc. Finally, the challenges for development of composite hydrogen storage cylinders and compressed hydrogen storage systems in China were proposed.

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Analysis of Strength and Residual Stresses in Filament Reinforced Aluminum Cylinders

Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology ◽

10.1115/1.3454294 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 97 (3) ◽

pp. 192-198

Author(s):

F. A. Simonen ◽

N. C. Henderson ◽

R. D. Winegardner ◽

K. Specht

Keyword(s):

Plastic Deformation ◽

Finite Element ◽

Fatigue Life ◽

Residual Stresses ◽

Relative Increase ◽

Burst Pressure ◽

Experimental Measurements ◽

Gas Cylinder ◽

Proof Testing ◽

Gas Cylinders

This paper describes a study of aluminum gas cylinders used in underwater manned vehicles. A determination was made of the relative increase in one cycle burst pressure and fatigue life of an existing aluminum gas cylinder when the sidewall was reinforced with fiberglass overwrap and prestressed by over pressurization. Detailed finite-element stress analyses were conducted to determine the operating stresses and also the residual stresses at the end cap-to-cylinder transition section which were a result of plastic deformation during proof testing. Calculated residual stresses were found to be consistent with experimental measurements. It was determined that the filament reinforcement both increased the vessel burst pressure and increased the vessel fatigue life through favorable prestress effects. Results of vessel fatigue and burst tests are presented and are compared with the predicted performance characteristics.

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Study on Intrinsic Safety and Volume Expansion Ratio of Liquefied Gas Cylinder

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.2958 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 550-553 ◽

pp. 2958-2963

Author(s):

Zhong Yue ◽

Xin Li Tian

Keyword(s):

Volume Expansion ◽

Expansion Ratio ◽

Great Volume ◽

Gas Cylinder ◽

Explosion Accidents ◽

The Relationship ◽

Gas Cylinders ◽

Liquefied Gas ◽

Intrinsic Safety

Overfilling or full liquid is the main cause of liquefied gas cylinder explosion accidents; great volume expansion ratio (VER) of cylinder can efficiently prevent explosion accidents arising from overfilling or full liquid. This paper studies the change in pressure in overfilled or full-liquid liquefied gas cylinders as a function of temperature and the relationship between temperature and VER, and puts forward measures of increasing the VER of liquefied gas cylinders.

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Design of Gas Cylinder using Composite Material as per ASME Standards

Global Journal of Enterprise Information System ◽

10.18311/gjeis/2017/15866 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 54

Author(s):

Sangram Bandpatte ◽

Khushal Shede ◽

Rohit Chavan ◽

Nikhil Katkar ◽

Balbheem Kamanna ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Composite Material ◽

Atmospheric Pressure ◽

Transportation Cost ◽

Pressure Vessels ◽

Carbon Steels ◽

Project Work ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Gas Cylinder ◽

Gas Cylinders ◽

Composite Cylinders

A gas cylinder or tank is a pressure vessel used to store gases at above atmospheric pressure. Many pressure vessels are made of carbon steels these material results in increase in weight and transportation cost. The Literature survey shows that gas cylinders fails due to corrosion and difficult to transporting. In this Project work, the aim is to design a gas cylinder as per ASME standards using composite material which can be used for our day today life. Solidworks 2015 is used for 3D modelling of the cylinder and Finite Element Analysis is used to test the performance of the cylinder made of composite material and compare with Cylinder made of Steel. The results shows that stress induced in the both cylinder is nearly equal but composite cylinders results in height amount of weight saving and corrosion resistance and also decrease the transportation cost.

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APPLICATION OF MASS MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE IN CALIBRATION AND CONTROL FOR GAS CYLINDERS

International Journal of Modern Physics Conference Series ◽

10.1142/s2010194513600409 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 24 ◽

pp. 1360040

Author(s):

YI-CHING LIN ◽

CHIN-FEN TUAN

Keyword(s):

Mass Measurement ◽

Mass Difference ◽

Measurement Technology ◽

Statistical Control ◽

Gas Cylinder ◽

Before And After ◽

And Control ◽

Measurement And Control ◽

Gas Cylinders ◽

Standard Gas

This paper deals with measurement and control of the standard gas cylinder. In CMS (Center of Measurement Standard), the mass measurement technology is used to calibrate the concentration of standard gas cylinders. This measurement method is based on the mass change of gas cylinder before and after filling. By using balance and calculating air buoyancy the mass difference of gas cylinder before and after filling could be obtained. In order to understand stability of the gas cylinder, we use statistical control techniques to monitor the change of concentration of the standard gas cylinders, to take immediate measures when the concentration of the standard gas cylinders is changed.

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Stress and Strain Analysis of Composite Gas Cylinder Based on ABAQUS

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.557-559.300 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 557-559 ◽

pp. 300-303

Author(s):

Cheng Hong Duan ◽

Xiang Peng Luo ◽

Nan Zhang

Keyword(s):

Finite Element ◽

Strain Analysis ◽

Element Model ◽

Stress And Strain ◽

Analysis Method ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Finite Element Software ◽

Finite Element Analysis Method ◽

Gas Cylinder ◽

Gas Cylinders

In this paper, a finite element model of a composite gas cylinder was established by ABAQUS finite element software, with consideration that both heads were helically wound and their wound angle and wound thickness varied with different parallel circle radius. Stress of the composite gas cylinder and PEEQ of its liner under different working conditions after autofrettage treatment were studied, the stress distribution was assessed by the DOT CFFC standard and the effective range of autofrettage treatment was confirmed. This finite element analysis method may be referable to the design and inspection of composite gas cylinders.

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