Surface active agents. Colorimetric characterization of optically clear coloured liquids (products) as X, Y, Z tristimulus values in transmission

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Active Agents ◽  
Tristimulus Values ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Colorimetric Characterization

Physicochemical and Biological Treatability Studies on Surfactant Wastewaters

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 377-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Çeçen
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Surface Active Agents ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Liquid Type ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
Biological Treatability ◽  
Anionic Surface

Laboratory-scale physicochemical and biological treatability studies were performed on wastewaters discharged from an industry producing household and heavy-duty detergents of powder and liquid type. The characterization of effluents led to the conclusion that the industry was highly pollutant in terms of BOD5, COD, surfactant, phosphorus, oil-grease, suspended solids and pH. By the use of lime in the precipitation stage about 80 % of COD and more than 90 % of phosphorus and anionic surface active agents could be removed. Following the treatment with lime the biodegradation of these wastewaters was investigated in continuously fed activated sludge units. The biokinetic constants of the reaction were determined as k = 0.76 d−1, Ks = 972 mg/l COD, a = 0.58 mg O2/mg COD, b = 0.044 mg O2/mg MLVSS.d. The experimental findings were used in the design of a full-scale treatment system.

Nanosuspension Technology for Delivery of Poorly Soluble Drugs and Its Applications: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 4965-4978
Author(s):  
Ganesh R Godge ◽  
Mahesh A Garje ◽  
Aniket B Dode ◽  
Kailas N Tarkase
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Surface Active Agents ◽  
Poorly Soluble ◽  
Method Formulation ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Scale Surface

Now a days, many drug candidates are water insoluble hence they show a limited drug release and poor bioavailability. It is difficult to formulate these drugs by conventional dosage form. Nanosuspension technology is a promising approach to solve the problems of poorly soluble and less bioavailable drugs. Nanosuspension is a very finely colloidal, biphasic, and uniformly dispersed solid drug particles in a suitable aqueous vehicle, having a particle size below 1 μm stabilized by suitable surface active agents and polymers. Nanosuspensions are prepared by various suitable techniques for drug delivery applications. Due to reduced particle size at the nano scale, surface area, saturation solubility, dissolution velocity and bioavailability of BCS class II and class IV drugs are increased sufficiently. Nanosuspension is suitable to administration via various routes such as oral, intravenous, topical, pulmonary and ocular delivery systems. Nanosuspension can be also used for targeting purpose in various diseases such as cancer, HIV and production of sustained and extended release products by choosing suitable polymers. Production and manufacturing are not complicated, easy to scale up. Top down and bottom technologies are used for the preparation of nanosuspensions. It includes methods such as high-pressure homogenization, by milling media method, precipitation method, probe sonication, dry-co-grinding, supercritical fluid method, and lipid emulsion method. Formulation consists of stabilizers, surfactant, and solvents. Nanosuspension can be stored in the form of dry powder using spray drying, freeze drying techniques. This review describes the advantages, various methods of preparation, formulation consideration and characterization of nanosuspension.  

Preparation and characterization of flake-like polypyrrole/SrFe12O19 composites with different surface active agents

2009 ◽  
Vol 159 (19-20) ◽  
pp. 2029-2033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiaoling Li ◽  
Cunrui Zhang ◽  
Yuexiang Wang ◽  
Baodong Li
Keyword(s):  
Surface Active Agents ◽  
Surface Active

scholarly journals Production and Structural Characterization ofLactobacillus helveticusDerived Biosurfactant

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepansh Sharma ◽  
Baljeet Singh Saharan ◽  
Nikhil Chauhan ◽  
Anshul Bansal ◽  
Suresh Procha
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characterization ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Fatty Acid Analysis ◽  
Yak Milk ◽  
Surface Active Agents ◽  
Surface Active

A probiotic strain oflactobacilliwas isolated from traditional soft Churpi cheese of Yak milk and found positive for biosurfactant production.Lactobacillireduced the surface tension of phosphate buffer saline (PBS) from 72.0 to 39.5 mNm−1pH 7.2 and its critical micelle concentration (CMC) was found to be 2.5 mg mL−1. Low cost production ofLactobacilliderived biosurfactant was carried out at lab scale fermenter which yields 0.8 mg mL−1biosurfactant. The biosurfactant was found least phytotoxic and cytotoxic as compared to the rhamnolipid and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) at different concentration. Structural attributes of biosurfactant were determined by FTIR, NMR (1H and13C), UPLC-MS, and fatty acid analysis by GCMS which confirmed the presence of glycolipid type of biosurfactant closely similar to xylolipids. Biosurfactant is mainly constituted by lipid and sugar fractions. The present study outcomes provide valuable information on structural characterization of the biosurfactant produced byL. helveticusMRTL91. These findings are encouraging for the application ofLactobacilliderived biosurfactant as nontoxic surface active agents in the emerging field of biomedical applications.

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