Reinforced concrete pressure pipes and distributed reinforcement concrete pressure pipes (non-cylinder type), including joints and fittings

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Shepelevich ◽  
A. Puzan

The results are given for experimental studies of crack resistance of reinforced-concrete - fibre-glass composite pressure pipes when affected by three-way load and internal hydrostatic pressure. Pipes are designed for construction of pressure pipelines, using the trenchless laying (microtunneling) method. BelNIIS Institute Republican Unitary Enterprise (RUE) has developed the design solutions and engineering drawings of pipes in accordance with the order placed by Steklokompozit Industrial Company, Russia. Pipes are made as integrated ones, and they consist of an external thick-wall reinforced-concrete pipe (the cage) enveloping an insert pipe made of fibre-glass composite. Full-scale specimens of pipes with the inner diameter of 800 mm and the (effective) length of 3000 mm were used for studies. The total thickness of pipe wall was 138 mm, with the fibre-glass composite insert thickness 10 mm. Pipes were made in vertical position, with the vibroforming method used for this purpose. During the concrete mixture laying procedure, the fibre-glass composite insert pipe joined with the fibre-glass composite sleeve was used as a permanent formwork. The experimental studies were carried out in two steps: I pipes (2 specimens) were tested by the internal hydrostatic pressure II pipes (2 specimens), including a hydraulically-tested specimen, were tested by the three-way load (according to GOST 6482). During the tests, formation and opening of cracks in longitudinal cross-sections of pipe wall was registered. It was found that strength characteristics of integrated reinforced-concrete composite pipes provide their load-carrying capacity against both the internal hydraulic pressure and the external (three-way) load applied. Thus, when reference loads in terms of crack resistance were applied, there were no cracks in longitudinal cross-sections of pipes when reference loads in terms of strength were applied, the crack opening width never exceeded 0.05 mm. Also, both with the internal pressure and the three-way load applied, the crack opening widths in longitudinal cross-sections of a reinforced-concrete cage were significantly (1.52.5 times) less than the corresponding values resulting from pipe design calculations carried out in accordance with procedures being in force.Приведены результаты экспериментальных исследований трещиностойкости железобетонно-стеклокомпозитных напорных труб при действии трехлинейной нагрузки и внутреннего гидростатического давления. Трубы предназначены для строительства напорных трубопроводов методом бестраншейной прокладки (методом микротоннелирования). Конструктивные решения и рабочие чертежи труб разработаны РУП Институт БелНИИС по заказу ПО Стеклокомпозит (Россия). Трубы выполнены комплексными и состоят из внешней толстостенной железобетонной трубы (обоймы), охватывающей стеклокомпозитную трубу-вкладыш. Исследования произведены с использованием натурных образцов труб внутренним диаметром 800 мм и длиной ( полезной ) 3000 мм. Суммарная толщина стенки трубы составляла 138 мм при толщине стеклокомпозитного вкладыша 10 мм. Трубы изготовлены в вертикальном положении методом виброформования. При укладке бетонной смеси стеклокомпозитная труба-вкладыш, состыкованная со стеклокомпозитной муфтой, использовалась как несъемная опалубка. Экспериментальные исследования выполнены в два этапа: I трубы (2 образца) испытаны внутренним гидравлическим давлением II трубы (2 образца), в т. ч. образец, прошедший гидравлические испытания, испытаны трехлинейной нагрузкой (по ГОСТ 6482). В процессе испытаний фиксировали образование и раскрытие трещин в продольных сечениях стенки трубы. Установлено, что прочностные характеристики комплексных железобетонно-композитных напорных труб обеспечивают их несущую способность как при внутреннем гидравлическом давлении, так и под действием внешней (трехлинейной) нагрузки. Так, при контрольных нагрузках по трещиностойкости трещины в продольных сечениях труб отсутствовали, а при контрольных нагрузках по прочности ширина раскрытия трещин не превышала 0,05 мм. При этом как при действии внутреннего давления, так и при трехлинейной нагрузке ширина раскрытия трещин в продольных сечениях железобетонной обоймы существенно (в 1,52,5 раза) меньше, чем соответствующие значения, полученные в результате расчета труб по действующим методикам.


2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro A. Hidalgo ◽  
Christian A. Ledezma ◽  
Rodrigo M. Jordan

The behavior of reinforced concrete walls that exhibit the shear mode of failure is studied, through the results of an experimental program that included the test of 26 full-scale specimens subjected to cyclic horizontal displacements of increasing amplitude. Test parameters were the aspect ratio of the walls, the amount of vertical and horizontal distributed reinforcement, and the compressive strength of concrete. The results include the cracking shear strength, the maximum shear strength, the drifts associated to these loads and the drift associated to a collapse limit state for each of the specimens tested. Conclusions are drawn concerning the deformation capacity, the energy absorption, the dissipation characteristics and the strength deterioration after maximum strength shown by the walls and the influence of vertical distributed reinforcement on the seismic behavior of walls.


2021 ◽  
Vol 318 ◽  
pp. 03010
Author(s):  
Rafaa M. Abbas ◽  
Wesal A. Fadala

Current design codes and specifications allow for part of the bonded flexure tension reinforcement to be distributed over an effective flange width when the T-beams' flanges are in tension. This study presents an experimental and numerical investigation on the reinforced concrete flanged section's flexural behavior when reinforcement in the tension flange is laterally distributed. To achieve the goals of the study, numerical analysis using the finite element method was conducted on discretized flanged beam models validated via experimentally tested T-beam specimen. Parametric study was performed to investigate the effect of different parameters on the T-beams flexural behavior. The study revealed that a significant reduction in the beam flexural strength with increasing deflection is encountered as a sizable percentage of reinforcement is distributed over the wider flange width. The study recommended that not more than 33% of the tension reinforcement may be distributed over an effective flange width not wider than ℓn/10. This result confirms and agrees well the ACI 318 limit on the effective width to be less than ℓn/10.


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