Specification for electrical safety requirements for independent power supply units for indirect connection to certain telecommunication networks

1984 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Telecommunication Networks ◽  
Electrical Safety ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Indirect Connection ◽  
Independent Power Supply

Ensuring electrical safety of power supply systems of electrified AC railways for highspeed lines

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 337-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Kosarev ◽  
A. V. Barch ◽  
E. N. Rozenberg
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Electrical Safety ◽  
Safe Operation ◽  
Ballastless Track ◽  
Conventional Structure ◽  
Artificial Earth ◽  
Earth Connection ◽  
Supply Systems

Abstract. High-speed railways are fast-growing and promising type of traffic. In Russia development of high-speed railway service is associated with the solution of a number of problems, including infrastructure. Authors propose to use earth connection of the railway catenary with the help of an artificial earthing switch on currently designed high-speed line Moscow—Kazan for 2×25 kV power supply system. Taking into account requirements for electrical safety conditions for maintenance of the track and earthed catenary supports, paper justifies method for calculating allowable voltages of rail—earth points and supports of catenary. Methods takes into account structural features of ballastless track superstructure used for high-speed lines. It is estimated that the voltages admissible under the electrical safety conditions are random in nature and distributed logarithmically normal. When calculating probability of safe operation, one should take into account random nature of both permissible stresses and those actually occurring on the track. It is estimated that the probability of safe operation in traction networks of sections with ballastless track superstructure does not exceed a similar value in electrified sections with the conventional structure of a ballast prism. Feasibility of using a 2×25 kV earth system using an artificial earth connection is confirmed, recommendations on its use are given. Authors substantiate allowable values of the rail—earth voltage and catenary supports, which practically exclude the occurrence of hazardous situations for personnel maintaining the track in sections with ballastless track superstructure.

Risk allocation in independent power supply contracts

1992 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mason Willrich ◽  
Walter L. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Risk Allocation ◽  
Supply Contracts ◽  
Independent Power Supply

scholarly journals Numerical Analysis of Integral Characteristics for the Condenser Setups of Independent Power-Supply Sources with the Closed-Looped Thermodynamic Cycle

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Olga V. Vysokomornaya ◽  
Genii V. Kuznetsov ◽  
Pavel A. Strizhak
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Thermodynamic Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Organic Liquids ◽  
Independent Power Supply ◽  
Mass Transfer Processes ◽  
Integral Characteristics ◽  
The Mathematical Model

The mathematical model of heat and mass transfer processes with phase transition is developed. It allows analysis of integral characteristics for the condenser setup of independent power-supply plant with the organic Rankine cycle. Different kinds of organic liquids can be used as a coolant and working substance. The temperatures of the working liquid at the condenser outlet under different values of outside air temperature are determined. The comparative analysis of the utilization efficiency of different cooling systems and organic coolants is carried out.

scholarly journals Overpotential evaluation of PEMFC using semi-empirical equation and SEM

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 01015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutaro Akimoto ◽  
Shin-nosuke Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Fault Diagnosis ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Empirical Equation ◽  
Independent Power Supply ◽  
Diagnosis Method ◽  
Degradation Diagnosis ◽  
Semi Empirical

Fuel cells are a clean and weather-independent power supply. Solar and wind power are widespread in islands that are difficult to supply power. If problems are solved in the future, fuel cells are also expected to become popular. The widespread commercialization of PEMFC stacks depends on their reliability and fault diagnosis. In this study, we developed a degradation diagnosis method for the purpose of improving reliability. The output reduction of the fuel cell is separated into reduction factors called overpotentials. And the factor of the decrease is specified. In this paper, we show the proposed method and the degradation factors, and the effectiveness of the method.

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