Instruments for the detection of combustible gases

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Combustible Gases

Effect of pyrolysis temperature on volatile products from hazelnut shells: products characteristics and antioxidant activity assessment of liquid products

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-391
Author(s):  
Chenxi Zhao ◽  
Yupeng Xing ◽  
Wei Lv ◽  
Juhui Chen ◽  
Xiaogang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Activity Assessment ◽  
Volatile Products ◽  
Liquid Products ◽  
Fuels And Chemicals ◽  
Gas Products ◽  
Combustible Gases ◽  
Hazelnut Shells

Abstract It is being considered to pyrolyze lignin-rich biomass samples (hazelnut shells, HSs) into bio-fuels and chemicals to solve energy shortages and environmental concerns, volatile products (including liquid products and gas products) were produced and characterized from HSs pyrolysis at 400–1000 °C. With the temperature increases, the maximum output of liquid products was up to 35.79% produced at 700 °C, gas products yields increased from 21.82 to 55.46%. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC–MS) study indicated that liquid products from HSs riched in phenolic compounds, exceed 42% of liquid products and increased as the temperature rises. The application experiment showed that HSs liquid products had a significant role in antioxidant activity, and revealed that not limited to phenols, all compounds containing phenolic hydroxyl structure act as antioxidant. Composition analysis of gas products showed that more combustible gases were produced at the higher temperature, resulted in the significant increase in gas products higher heating value (HHV) from 6.21 to 24.36 MJ/kg.

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