Changes in the biological properties of Vietnamese tropical soils after agrogenic transformations of soils under agricultural practice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.K. Tkhakakhova ◽  
◽  
T.I. Chernov ◽  
A.D. Zhelezova ◽  
N.A. Ksenofontova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Soils ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Agricultural Practice

Determination of biological properties of the new synthetic plant growth regulator - spyrocarbon complex with boric acid by means of phytotests

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Sidorovich ◽  
◽  
O. P. Kundelchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Boric Acid ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Chemical Substance ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Mutagenic Effects

Determining the environmental safety of new synthetic plant growth regulators is an urgent problem. Spirocarbon derivatives were subjected to such determination by means of a specially developed system based on phytotests "germinated seeds". This system allows the values of biometric, cytological and biochemical parameters of the phytotest to determine the toxic, cytotoxic, genotoxic (mutagenic) effects and induction of molecular stress by the synthetic chemical substance being tested. This system was used to establish the biological properties of a new drug - a complex of spirocarbon with boric acid - in relation to five phytotests monocotyledons and dicotyledons plants. Phytotesting was performed in the spectrum of concentrations (10-7-10-2 mol/dm3) of this drug. It demonstrated either the absence or presence of a weak toxic effect on phytotests, which did not exceed 30%. The study showed that the plant growth regulator spirocarbon in combination with boric acid has growthregulating properties, the manifestation of which depends on the concentration of the drug and the species characteristics of plants. Only the maximum concentration (10-2 моль/дм3) of the tested drug is slightly toxic to plants. The obtained results testify to the biological efficiency and ecological safety of the synthesized drug. This allows us to recommend it for use in agricultural practice.

scholarly journals Pollution-Induced Tolerance of Soil Bacterial Communities to Oxytetracycline-Spiked Manure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leire Jauregi ◽  
Maddi Artamendi ◽  
Lur Epelde ◽  
Fernando Blanco ◽  
Carlos Garbisu
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Biolog Ecoplates ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Soil Bacterial Communities ◽  
Community Tolerance ◽  
Soil Bacterial ◽  
Induced Tolerance ◽  
Selection Phase

Abstract The use of manure as a fertilizer is a common agricultural practice that can improve soil physicochemical and biological properties. However, antibiotics and their metabolites are often present, leading to the adaptation of soil bacterial communities to their presence. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of the extensively used, broad-spectrum antibiotic oxytetracycline on soil microbial community adaptation using a pollution-induced community tolerance assay. Manure-amended soil was spiked with oxytetracycline (0, 2, 20, 60, 150, and 500 mg kg−1) three times every ten days in the selection phase. The detection phase was conducted in Biolog EcoPlates with a second oxytetracycline exposure (0, 5, 20, 40, 60, and 100 mg L−1). All treatments demonstrated decreased metabolic activity after exposure to ≥ 5 mg L−1 oxytetracycline during the detection phase. Meanwhile, a significant increase in tolerance was observed following exposure to ≥ 20 mg oxytetracycline per kg soil during the selection phase. Therefore, the pollution-induced community tolerance approach with Biolog EcoPlates was a useful system for the detection of antibiotic selection pressures on soil bacterial communities. It is important to properly manage animal waste before their application to the soil to reduce the occurrence of antibiotic-resistance in the environment.

scholarly journals The impacts of shifting cultivation on tropical forest soil: a review

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 693-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Antunes Ribeiro Filho ◽  
Cristina Adams ◽  
Rui Sergio Sereni Murrieta
Keyword(s):  
Shifting Cultivation ◽  
Tropical Soils ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Phase Conversion ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Tropical Forest Soil ◽  
Shifting Cultivators ◽  
The Impact

The sustainability of shifting cultivation is presently a topic of debate in scientific and institutional communities; however, there is no current consensus. To address this debate, we performed a search of the pertinent literature that was published during the last 30 years on the impact of shifting agriculture on tropical soils. This search revealed that the nature of the impact depends on the shifting cultivation system (SCS) phase (conversion, cultivation, or fallow) and on the soil properties (physical, chemical, and biological). We also suggest soil quality indicators for evaluating this agricultural practice in tropical forests, which may be used as a basis for analyses on the tendencies of conservation and degradation of impacted soils. Future research should improve the choices of these indicators, relying mostly on practical criteria, so they can be used by shifting cultivators.

Three Dimensional structure and organization of diploid chromosomes by optical section microscopy

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 633-635
Author(s):  
David A. Agard ◽  
Yasushi Hiraoka ◽  
John W. Sedat
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
Mitotic Cell ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Three Dimensional Structure ◽  
Complementary Techniques ◽  
Dynamic Structures

In an effort to understand the complex relationship between structure and biological function within the nucleus, we have embarked on a program to examine the three-dimensional structure and organization of Drosophila melanogaster embryonic chromosomes. Our overall goal is to determine how DNA and proteins are organized into complex and highly dynamic structures (chromosomes) and how these chromosomes are arranged in three dimensional space within the cell nucleus. Futher, we hope to be able to correlate structual data with such fundamental biological properties as stage in the mitotic cell cycle, developmental state and transcription at specific gene loci.Towards this end, we have been developing methodologies for the three-dimensional analysis of non-crystalline biological specimens using optical and electron microscopy. We feel that the combination of these two complementary techniques allows an unprecedented look at the structural organization of cellular components ranging in size from 100A to 100 microns.

Membrane–cytoskeleton interactions in cholesterol-dependent domain formation

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 177-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer N. Byrum ◽  
William Rodgers
Keyword(s):  
Biological Properties ◽  
Membrane Rafts ◽  
Membrane Domains ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Membrane Cytoskeleton ◽  
Heterogeneous Structures ◽  
Integral Role ◽  
Model Cell ◽  
Actomyosin Cytoskeleton ◽  
Dependent Domain

Since the inception of the fluid mosaic model, cell membranes have come to be recognized as heterogeneous structures composed of discrete protein and lipid domains of various dimensions and biological functions. The structural and biological properties of membrane domains are represented by CDM (cholesterol-dependent membrane) domains, frequently referred to as membrane ‘rafts’. Biological functions attributed to CDMs include signal transduction. In T-cells, CDMs function in the regulation of the Src family kinase Lck (p56lck) by sequestering Lck from its activator CD45. Despite evidence of discrete CDM domains with specific functions, the mechanism by which they form and are maintained within a fluid and dynamic lipid bilayer is not completely understood. In the present chapter, we discuss recent advances showing that the actomyosin cytoskeleton has an integral role in the formation of CDM domains. Using Lck as a model, we also discuss recent findings regarding cytoskeleton-dependent CDM domain functions in protein regulation.

Biological properties of the berries of five Juniperus species in Juniperus section from Turkey

Planta Medica ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Miceli ◽  
MF Taviano ◽  
A Trovato ◽  
R De Pasquale ◽  
P Maimone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Properties

Chemical composition and biological properties of Piper cabralanum C. DC. (Piperaceae)

Planta Medica ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Moreira ◽  
F Candido ◽  
M Siqueira ◽  
C Quaresma ◽  
E Guimarâes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Biological Properties

Characterization of Portuguese Propolis: Unraveling Biological Properties

Planta Medica ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
CA Aguiar ◽  
AM Ferreira ◽  
R Oliveira ◽  
F Baltazar ◽  
A Cunha
Keyword(s):  
Biological Properties

Chemical constituents and biological properties of liverworts from South Africa

Planta Medica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Combrinck ◽  
J Linde ◽  
A Ludwiczuk ◽  
S Van Vuuren ◽  
J Van Rooy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Biological Properties
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