FORMATION OF FAVORABLE CONDITIONS FOR INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF BREEDING CATTLE BREEDING IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 104-112
Author(s):  
M.S. Romashin ◽  
S.S. Sushentsova ◽  
V.O. Kostrov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Favorable Conditions

СОСТОЯНИЕ МЯСНОГО СКОТОВОДСТВА В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ: реалии и перспективы

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.M. DUNIN ◽  
S.E. TYAPUGIN ◽  
R.K. MESHCHEROV ◽  
V.P. HODYKOV ◽  
V.K. ADZHIBEKOV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Comprehensive Assessment ◽  
Sales Volume ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Further Development

Рассмотрены состояние и перспективы развития мясного скотоводства в Российской Федерации. Проведен мониторинг численности поголовья, породного состава и продуктивности мясного крупного рогатого скота во всех категориях хозяйств, изучены масштабы и объемы бонитировки скота за 20102018 годы. По данным Минсельхоза России, в 2018 году поголовье крупного рогатого скота в стране составило более 18 млн голов, в том числе численность животных специализированных мясных пород во всех категориях хозяйств достигла 2,26 млн голов. Комплексная оценка 711,16 тыс. голов, или 34,1 от общей численности мясного скота, в том числе 389,8 тыс. коров, принадлежащих к 15 породам и типам, разводимым в 57 регионах Российской Федерации показала, что наибольшее подконтрольное поголовье имеют абердин ангусская порода (417545 гол.), калмыцкая (137262 гол.), герефордская (87278 гол.) и казахская белоголовая породы (52563 гол.). Все подконтрольное поголовье животных является чистопородным и IV поколения, в том числе 99,7 быков-производителей и 99,3 коров. Анализ живой массы пробонитированного поголовья выявил тенденцию к ее повышению у коров всех возрастов в среднем на 54 кг, быков производителей на 39 кг, или на 16,7 и 5,2 за последние 9 лет, соответственно. Живая масса коров по итогам 2018 года в среднем составила 546 кг, быков-производителей 791 кг. По состоянию на 1.01.2019 года, племенная база мясного скотоводства страны представлена 270 племенными стадами, в том числе 46 племенными заводами и 224 племенными репродукторами. В 2018 году в различные категории хозяйств из племенных предприятий было продано 35517 голов племенного молодняка, в том числе 6388 ремонтных бычка с классами элита и элита-рекорд (85,3). В 2018 году было продано племенного молодняка в расчете на 100 коров галловейской породы 33,0 головы, казахской белоголовой 29,1 герефордской 28,0 калмыцкой 22,2 лимузинской 15,5 абердин ангусской 8,8 русской комолой 8,2 и симментальской мясной 4,7 голов. На основании мониторинга состояния мясного скотоводства страны за 20102018 годы были намечены перспективы дальнейшего развития.The article considers the state and prospects of development of beef cattle breeding in the Russian Federation. The number of livestock, breed composition and productivity of beef cattle in all categories of farms was monitored, the scale and volumes of bonding of cattle for the studied 9-year period (20102018) were studied. According to the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia, in 2018 the number of cattle in the country amounted to more than 18 million heads, including the number of cattle of specialized meat breeds in all categories of farms reached 2.26 million heads. A comprehensive assessment of the number of livestock in the amount of 711.16 thousand animals or 34.1 of the total number of beef cattle, including: cows 389.8 thousand heads belonging to 15 breeds and types bred in 57 regions of the Russian Federation, showed that the largest controlled livestock are: Aberdeen Angus breed 417545 animals, Kalmyk 1372726 animals, Hereford 87278 animals and Kazakh white-headed breed 52563 animals. Almost all of the controlled livestock of animals is purebred and IV generation, including: respectively 99.7 of bulls producers and 99.3 of cows. The analysis of live mass of a livestock revealed a tendency to its increase at cows of all age on average on 54 kg, bulls on 39 kgor for 16.7 and 5.2 for the last 9 years respectively. The live mass of cows following the results of 2018 averaged 546 kg, bulls 791 kg. As of January 1, 2019, the breeding base of beef cattle breeding in the country is represented by 270 breeding herds, including: 46 breeding plants and 224 breeding reproducers. In 2018, 35,517 heads of pedigree young animals were sold to various categories of farms from pedigree enterprises, including 6,388 repair bulls with elite classes and an elite record record for appraisal (85.3). An analysis of the sales volume of pedigree young animals in the context of farmed meat breeds showed that in 2018 pedigree young animals per 100 cows were sold in the country: Galloveian breed 33.0 goals, Kazakh white-headed 29.1 goals, Hereford 28, 0 goals., Kalmyk 22.2 goals., Limousin 15.5 goals., Aberdeen Angus 8.8 goals, Russian kolola 8.2 and Simmental meat 4.7 goals. Based on the monitoring of the state of beef cattle breeding in the country for the study period (20102018), prospects for further development were outlined.

The Mechanism Of Implementation Of The Constitution Of The Russian Federation

2019 ◽  
pp. 36-51
Author(s):  
Anatolii Yugov ◽  
Sergey Belykh
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
Legal Document ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Scientific Ideas ◽  
Rational Mechanism

The Constitution, as the main universal and comprehensive legal document, establishes fundamental principles and defines the legal basis for development of public and state life in all politically significant spheres, serves as a guarantor of legitimacy and order, gives a boost to the development of society. The special political and legal nature of the constitution, the issues of its operation and the mechanism of its implementation are of great importance. In accordance to the authors’ approach, the mechanism of implementation of the Constitution of the Russian Federation includes the following components: 1) entry of the constitution into legal force; 2) its functions; 3) constitutional algorithm of unity and differentiation of public authority; 4) forms of implementation; 5) ways of implementation; 6) subjects of implementation; 7) objects of implementation; 8) institutions for modernization; 9) guarantees of implementation. The authors conclude that the modern scientific ideas of a rational mechanism of implementation of the Constitution of the Russian Federation contribute to solving the issues of economic and cultural development of the Russian society, help creating favorable conditions for proper law enforcement, strengthening legitimacy and order.

scholarly journals Length of productive life the cows of Simmental breed

2021 ◽  
Vol 213 (10) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
L. Ignat'eva ◽  
A. Sermyagin
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Productive Life ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. The purpose of the research was to assess the duration of the length of productive life of Simmental cows. Methods. The research was carried out on Simmental cows bred in 14 regions of the Russian Federation, the total livestock was 8 832 heads. The calculation of the heritability coefficients and correlation (genetic and paratypic) was carried out by using the programs RENUMF90 and REMLF90. Results. A fairly strong relationship was established between the duration of a productive life (months) and the age of culling (lactations) r = +0.795, the length of productive life (months) and lifetime productivity within the range of +0.669…+0.714. However, the relationship between the age of culling (lactations) and lifetime productivity is moderate, from +0.261 to +0.316. A moderate negative relationship was obtained between the age of culling (lactations) and milk yield per first lactation from –0.472 to –0.486. The average relationship was found between milk yield per first lactation and lifetime productivity from +0.567 to +0.588. Cows of the Altai Territory (3.08 lactations or 61.6 months), the Republic of Mordovia (3.38 lactations or 62.4 months) and the Lipetsk region (3.40 lactations or 65.7 months) were distinguished by low age of culling. While the greatest length of productive life was noted in animals and Bryansk (5.48 lactations or 86.9 months) and Irkutsk regions (4.57 lactations or 77.1 months). Bryansk (23 630 kg of milk), Tyumen (18 156 kg) and Irkutsk (17 751 kg) regions occupied the leading positions in lifetime productivity of cows in the sample, while the outsiders were the regions of traditional cattle breeding - Altai Territory (12658 kg of milk), the Republic of Bashkiria (12 482 kg). Scientific novelty. For the population Simmental cattle of the Russian Federation, for the first time, an assessment of selection and genetic parameters of lifelong productivity and length of productive life of Simmental cows was carried out, depending on the breeding region.

scholarly journals Multi-level Approach to the Regulation of Clustering and Innovative Development of Russian Regions

2020 ◽  
pp. 93-96
Author(s):  
Dmitry Leonidovich Napolskikh
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Theoretical Aspect ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Cluster Policy ◽  
Logical Scheme ◽  
Level Model ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Multi Level

The paper discusses the theoretical aspect of the formation of a multi-level model of clustering and innovative development of Russian regions. The purpose of the work is to identify a set of factors that affect the effectiveness and efficiency of these processes to work out an integrated approach in their regulation. The object of the study is the pecu-liarities of the functioning of cluster formations on the territory of the regions of the Russian Federa-tion. The formation and development of clusters of the entities of the Russian Federation is influenced by a combination of factors of macro- (federal dis-tricts), meso- (entities of the Russian Federation) and micro-levels (local production systems and in-dividual enterprises). Development tools for each of them are highlighted. A structural and logical scheme of a multi-level model of clustering and in-novative development of Russian regions has been developed. The functions of state authorities and local self-government within the cluster policy are defined: mediation, infrastructure, regulatory. It is summarized that the presented multi-level model has a promising potential of methodological foun-dations for managing the processes of transfor-mation of the economic space of regions, the main elements of which are the zones of clustering of production.

scholarly journals Analysis of innovative development of Russian regions

2020 ◽  
pp. 144-147
Author(s):  
Ш.И. Нигматуллин
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Innovation Management ◽  
Federal District ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Innovation Potential ◽  
The Russian Federation

Важным аспектом в современной политике управления инновационной деятельностью в регионах является система информационного обеспечения и мониторинга исполнения ключевых индикаторов эффективности, характеризующих инновационный потенциал и развитие инновационных процессов в регионах Российской Федерации, на основе которых строятся прогнозные оценки и разрабатываются новые механизмы инновационного развития. Научная статья посвящена анализу инновационного развития на мировом уровне и оценке положения (рейтинговая) России с точки зрения инновационной составляющей. Также представлены результаты рейтинговая эффективности инновационной деятельности в субъектах Российской Федерации и анализ качества инновационных политик регионов, входящих в Приволжский федеральный округ. Автором статьи предложены основные направления и даны рекомендации по повышению инновационного развития на региональном уровне и трансформации системы государственного регулирования инновационной политики в аспекте систематизации ключевых индикаторов эффективности инновационной деятельности и инновационной активности предприятий и компаний регионов и на их основе прогнозирования инновационного развития, а также организации системы мониторинга исполнения инновационной политики в регионах. An important aspect in the modern policy of innovation management in the regions is the system of information support and monitoring of the implementation of key performance indicators characterizing the innovation potential and development of innovation processes in the regions of the Russian Federation, on the basis of which predictive estimates are built and new mechanisms of innovative development are developed. The scientific article is devoted to the analysis of innovative development at the world level and the assessment of the position (rating) of Russia in terms of the innovation component. Also presented are the results of the rating efficiency of innovation in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and the analysis of the quality of innovation policies of the regions included in the Volga Federal District. The author of the article proposes the main directions and gives recommendations for increasing innovative development at the regional level and transforming the system of state regulation of innovation policy in the aspect of systematizing key indicators of the effectiveness of innovation and innovative activity of enterprises and companies in the regions and, on their basis, predicting innovative development, as well as organizing a monitoring system implementation of innovation policy in the regions.

ANALYSIS OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY OF ORGANIZATIONS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 99-103
Author(s):  
L. A. FEDOROVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Science And Research

The article highlights the results of assessing the human resources potential and socio-economic effects of innovative development of the national economy of the Russian Federation for the period 2011–2019. The analysis of the indicators of the number of people employed in science and research, qualification and age structure, level of publication activity, level of development of information and communication technologies, etc. the conclusions regarding the level of achievement of target indicators of Strategy of innovative development of Russia up to 2020.

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