scholarly journals Effects of Appalachian Culture and Pregnancy Status on Pain-Related Fear

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecelia Irene Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Appalachian Culture ◽  
Pregnancy Status

scholarly journals Relation of Automated Body Condition Scoring System and Inline Biomarkers (Milk Yield, β-Hydroxybutyrate, Lactate Dehydrogenase and Progesterone in Milk) with Cow’s Pregnancy Success

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1414
Author(s):  
Ramūnas Antanaitis ◽  
Vida Juozaitienė ◽  
Dovilė Malašauskienė ◽  
Mindaugas Televičius ◽  
Mingaudas Urbutis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
The Body ◽  
Time Analyzer ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Pregnancy Status ◽  
Body Condition Scoring

The aim of the current study was to evaluate the relation of automatically determined body condition score (BCS) and inline biomarkers such as β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), milk yield (MY), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and progesterone (mP4) with the pregnancy success of cows. The cows (n = 281) had 2.1 ± 0.1. lactations on average, were 151.6 ± 0.06 days postpartum, and were once tested with “Easy scan” ultrasound (IMV imaging, Scotland) at 30–35 d post-insemination. According to their reproductive status, cows were grouped into two groups: non-pregnant (n = 194 or 69.0% of cows) and pregnant (n = 87 or 31.0% of cows). Data concerning their BCS, mP4, MY, BHB, and LDH were collected each day from the day of insemination for 7 days. The BCS was collected with body condition score camera (DeLaval Inc., Tumba, Sweden); mP4, MY, BHB, and LDH were collected with the fully automated real-time analyzer Herd Navigator™ (Lattec I/S, Hillerød, Denmark) in combination with a DeLaval milking robot (DeLaval Inc., Tumba, Sweden). Of all the biomarkers, three differences between groups were significant. The body condition score (BCS) of the pregnant cows was higher (+0.49 score), the milk yield (MY) was lower (−4.36 kg), and milk progesterone in pregnant cows was (+6.11 ng/mL) higher compared to the group of non-pregnant cows (p < 0.001). The pregnancy status of the cows was associated with their BCS assessment (p < 0.001). We estimated that cows with BCS > 3.2 were 22 times more likely to have reproductive success than cows with BCS ≤ 3.2.

scholarly journals 35 Vaginal pH changes due to the use of a controlled internal drug release (CIDR) and its effects on fertility of beef cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 25-26
Author(s):  
Nicholas W Dias ◽  
Claire L Timlin ◽  
Stefania Pancini ◽  
Nicholas W Dias ◽  
Zackary Seekford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Ph Changes ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Vaginal Ph ◽  
Pregnancy Status ◽  
System 1

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in vaginal pH of beef cows enrolled in a 7-d CO-Synch+controlled internal drug release (CIDR) protocol and its effects on pregnancy. A total of 46 multiparous beef cows with no signs of vaginitis were enrolled. Individual vaginal flushes were collected from cows on D0, D7 and D10. Individual flushes were immediately analyzed for pH with a portable pH meter. As evidence of vaginitis, a CIDR score was determined at CIDR removal (D7), following a 1 to 4 scoring system: 1 = clean, no secretion; 2 = clean, clear secretion; 3 = purulent secretion; 4 = purulent secretion and blood. Pregnancy status was determined by rectal ultrasonography approximately 40 days after TAI. No cows had CIDR scores of 1 or 4, 19.6% of cows had a score of 2 and 80.4% a score of 3. Vaginal pH increased from D0 (6.88±0.007) to D7 (7.32±0.047), regardless of CIDR score (P &lt; 0.001). Cows with a CIDR score 2 had greater pH on D7 (7.35±0.084) than on D0 (6.90± 0.14; P = 0.001), and pH on D10 was intermediate (7.14±0.14; P = 0.14). Cows with CIDR score 3 had reduced pH on D10 (7.09±0.07) when compared to D7 (7.29±0.04; P = 0.003), but greater pH on D10 than on D0 (6.87±0.07; P = 0.007). There was a pregnancy by day interaction for pH values (P = 0.046). Pregnant cows had greater vaginal pH in comparison with non-pregnant cows on D0 (6.99±0.081 and 6.68±0.09, respectively; P = 0.01) and D10 (7.26±0.08 and 6.89±0.09, respectively; P = 0.006), but not on D7 (7.34±0.05 and 7.27±0.06, respectively; P = 0.38). Non-pregnant cows had reduced vaginal pH on D10 in comparison to D7 (6.89±0.09 and 7.27±0.06, respectively; P &lt; 0.001), whereas pregnant cows had similar vaginal pH on D10 and D7 (7.26±0.08 and 7.34±0.05, respectively; P = 0.35). We conclude that CIDR increases vaginal pH overtime and greater pH at TAI is beneficial to fertility.

scholarly journals Non-Pregnant and Pregnant Women’s Femininity Preferences in Male Faces: Tests Based on Within- and Between-Sex Sexual Dimorphism Facial Manipulations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangfang Wen ◽  
Bin Zuo ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Shuhan Ma ◽  
Shijie Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Facial Stimulus ◽  
Facial Cues ◽  
Facial Masculinity ◽  
Facial Stimuli ◽  
Pregnancy Status ◽  
Face Stimuli ◽  
Women’S Preferences

AbstractPast research on women’s preferences for male facial masculinity in Western cultures has produced inconsistent results. Some inconsistency may be related to the use of different facial stimulus manipulations (e.g., between-sex sexual dimorphic facial manipulation or within-sex sexual dimorphic facial manipulation) that do not perfectly avoid non-facial cues, and pregnancy status may also influence women’s face preferences. We therefore recruited pregnant and nonpregnant Chinese women and manipulated the sexual dimorphism of male facial stimuli to explore the influences of manipulation methods, non-facial cues, and pregnancy status on face preferences. Results showed that: (1) in contrast with a general masculinity preference observed in Western cultures, both pregnant and nonpregnant Chinese women preferred feminized and neutral male faces generally; (2) pregnant women’s preference for feminized male faces was stable across manipulation methods, while nonpregnant women preferred feminized male faces except under between-sex sexual dimorphism manipulation; and (3) manipulation methods, rather than non-facial cues, influenced participants’ face preferences. Specifically, women showed the strongest preferences for femininity when face stimuli were manipulated by within-sex sexual dimorphic facial manipulation, followed by unmanipulated faces and between-sex sexual dimorphic facial manipulation. This effect was stronger for nonpregnant women in the unmanipulated condition and for pregnant women in the between-sex sexual dimorphic facial manipulation. This research provides empirical evidence of women’s preferences for sexual dimorphism in male faces in a non-Western culture, as well as the effects of facial manipulation methods, pregnancy status, and the interactions between these factors.

scholarly journals Prediction of Reproductive Success in Multiparous First Service Dairy Cows by Parameters from In-Line Sensors

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 334
Author(s):  
Ramūnas Antanaitis ◽  
Vida Juozaitienė ◽  
Dovilė Malašauskienė ◽  
Mindaugas Televičius ◽  
Mingaudas Urbutis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Hydroxybutyric Acid ◽  
Pregnancy Status ◽  
Group A ◽  
Biochemical Indices ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of the current study was to evaluate the relationship of different parameters from an automatic milking system (AMS) with the pregnancy status of multiparous cows at first service and to assess the accuracy of such a follow-up with regard to blood parameters. Before the insemination of cows, blood samples for measuring biochemical indices were taken from the coccygeal vessels and the concentrations of blood serum albumin (ALB), cortisol, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) were determined. From oestrus day to seven days after oestrus, the following parameters were registered: milk yield (MY), electric milk conductivity, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHB). The pregnancy status was evaluated using ultrasound “Easy scan” 30–35 days after insemination. Cows were grouped by reproductive status: PG− (non-pregnant; n = 48) and PG+ (pregnant; n = 44). The BHB level in PG− cows was 1.2 times higher (p < 0.005). The electrical conductivity of milk was statistically significantly higher in all quarters of PG− cows (1.07 times) than of PG+ cows (p < 0.05). The arithmetic mean of blood GGT was 1.61 times higher in PG− cows and the NEFA value 1.23 times higher (p < 0.05) compared with the PG+ group. The liver function was affected, the average ALB of PG− cows was 1.19 times lower (p < 0.05) and the AST activity was 1.16 times lower (p < 0.05) compared with PG+ cows. The non-pregnant group had a negative energy balance demonstrated by high in-line milk BHB and high blood NEFA concentrations. We found a greater number of cows with cortisol >0.0.75 mg/dL in the non-pregnant group. A higher milk electrical conductivity in the non-pregnant cows pointed towards a greater risk of mastitis while higher GGT activities together with lower albumin concentrations indicated that the cows were more affected by oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Placental PAGs: gene origins, expression patterns, and use as markers of pregnancy

Reproduction ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 149 (3) ◽  
pp. R115-R126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhianna M Wallace ◽  
Ky G Pohler ◽  
Michael F Smith ◽  
Jonathan A Green
Keyword(s):  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Spatial Expression ◽  
Putative Role ◽  
Pregnancy Status ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
In Pregnancy

Pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs) are abundantly expressed products of the placenta of species within the Cetartiodactyla order (even-toed ungulates). They are restricted to this order and they are particularly numerous in the Bovidae. The PAGs exhibit a range of temporal and spatial expression patterns by the placental trophoblasts and probably represent a group of related proteins that perform a range of distinct functions in the epitheliochorial and synepitheliochorial placental forms. This review presents an overview of the origins of the PAGs, a summary of PAG expression patterns, and their use as markers of pregnancy status. Speculations about their putative role(s) in pregnancy are also presented.

scholarly journals Effect of MS on pregnancy and the effect of pregnancy on MS patients in Isfahan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Freshteh Ashtari ◽  
Fatemeh Mokhtari ◽  
Mohammad Soudavi ◽  
Homa Saadat ◽  
Mahboubeh Valiani
Keyword(s):  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Pregnancy Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Spss Software

Abstract Background Multiple sclerosis is a chronic disease of the central nervous System.Most women with MS are diagnosed during their reproductive ages.This study evaluated the effect of pregnancy on MS and the effect of MS disease on fertility and pregnancy health. Material & methods: A retrospective descriptive-analytic study was conducted on 110 women suffering from MS with a history of pregnancy(between 2007 and 2017years) in Isfahan, Iran.Samples were selected in a census model.Women completed a researcher-constructed questionnaire by telephone.The questionnaire consisted of three parts: demographic information,MS and its symptoms and its treatment, and the third part was related to the reproductive system and the history of pregnancy associated with MS. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16 using Chi-square, ANOVA and t-test.Results The mean age of women with MS was 32.4 years.The most common primary symptom was blurred vision(42.7%).In this population,the average number of pregnancies was 1.61,the number of deliveries was 1.35,the number of abortions was 0.24,the history of ectopic pregnancy was 0.01,the number of alive children was 1.36 and the number of dead children was 0.01.The average time of the last MS attack before the pregnancy was 21.36 months. Fatigue(24.5%) was the most common symptom exacerbated during pregnancy. MS symptoms improved in55.0% of subjects in the second trimester.Discussion MS had no effect on the pregnancy status, such as the number of abortions,ectopic pregnancy, alive and dead children and the duration of pregnancy.The symptoms of the disease are improved during pregnancy.Therefore, pregnancy has a protective role against MS.

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