scholarly journals Investigation of Various Factors Affecting Quantification and Characterization Accuracy of NOx Measurement at Near Zero Level in a CVS Sampling Set-Up

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Abimbola Ogunfuye
Keyword(s):  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Zero Level ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Sampling Set

Ticket Income Distribution of Urban Rail Transit in Network Operating Condition

2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 4375-4380
Author(s):  
Yuan Chun Huang ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Haize Pan
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Urban Rail Transit ◽  
Ratio Method ◽  
Rail Transit ◽  
Matching Algorithm ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Urban Rail ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Urban Rail Transit Network ◽  
Factor Matching

Through analyzing the factors affecting passengers’ path-choice, the corresponding principles and rules of the ticket income distribution are put forward and the new model of the Urban Rail Transit Network in Beijing is set up in the paper. Through the deformation of the urban rail transit and the simplification of the lines, the topology of the urban rail transit lines is abstracted into an undirected connection graph. Breadth-priority optimization algorithm is applied to search the effective paths between the OD and the flow-matching ratio is acquired by calculating based on multi-factor matching algorithm, in which many relevant numerical examples are analyzed to verify the feasibility of the dual-ratio method and to summarize the characteristics of the project.

The Road Less Travelled

2020 ◽  
pp. 307-327
Author(s):  
Seema S. P.
Keyword(s):  
Women Managers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Road ◽  
Family Balance ◽  
Education In India ◽  
Managerial Positions ◽  
Work Family ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Work And Family Roles

One of the most crucial factors affecting development in the 21st century is the increased participation of women in the economy of a country and increased entrance to managerial positions. Even though such tremendous changes have taken place, the patriarchal social set up insists on women's responsibilities towards family and children. The domestic roles of women are not shared by men despite the fact that women have shared the economic and social responsibilities of men. This causes conflict among work and family roles, which ultimately affects the physical and psychological well-being of women managers. This chapter deals with the problems and challenges faced by women managers in higher education in India and how family support and suitable coping strategies help them maintain work-family balance.

scholarly journals Kinematic bidimensional analysis of the propulsion technique in wheelchair rugby athletes

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
Sara Maria Franchin ◽  
Federico Giordani ◽  
Michele Tonellato ◽  
Michael Benazzato ◽  
Giuseppe Marcolin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Kinematic Parameters ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Wheelchair Rugby ◽  
Circular Pattern ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Speed Range ◽  
Set Up

Wheelchair rugby is a sport ideated for individuals with cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI) which is extremely important for maintaining their neuromuscular abilities and improving their social and psychological wellbeing. However, due to the frequent changes in direction and speed it considerably stresses the players’ upper limbs. 13 athletes have undergone two sports-related tests on an inertial drum bench and several kinematic parameters have been registered. Most athletes use a semi-circular pattern which is considered protective for the upper limb. With increasing speed, range of motion (ROM) increases. Release angles increment and contact angles reduce, displacing the push angle forward to increase speed. Instead, the more anterior late push angle used to increase velocity is a factor which further loads the shoulder joint. However, other factors affecting propulsion technique, such as posture and wheelchair set up should be studied to further reduce loading on the upper limb.

scholarly journals Choice Model and Influencing Factor Analysis of Travel Mode for Migrant Workers: Case Study in Xi’an, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Chen ◽  
Zuo-xian Gan ◽  
Yu-ting He
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Travel Mode ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Travel Choice ◽  
Travel Mode Choice ◽  
Set Up

Based on the basic theory and methods of disaggregate choice model, the influencing factors in travel mode choice for migrant workers are analyzed, according to 1366 data samples of Xi’an migrant workers. Walking, bus, subway, and taxi are taken as the alternative parts of travel modes for migrant workers, and a multinomial logit (MNL) model of travel mode for migrant workers is set up. The validity of the model is verified by the hit rate, and the hit rates of four travel modes are all greater than 80%. Finally, the influence of different factors affecting the choice of travel mode is analyzed in detail, and the inelasticity of each factor is analyzed with the elasticity theory. Influencing factors such as age, education level, and monthly gross income have significant impact on travel choice mode for migrant workers. The elasticity values of education degree are greater than 1, indicating that it on the travel mode choice is of elasticity, while the elasticity values of gender, industry distribution, and travel purpose are less than 1, indicating that these factors on travel mode choice are of inelasticity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of installation effects on set-up of field displacement piles in sand

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Anusic ◽  
Barry M. Lehane ◽  
Gudmund R. Eiksund ◽  
Morten A. Liingaard
Keyword(s):  
Test Data ◽  
Impact Frequency ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Installation Effects ◽  
Field Displacement ◽  
Small Influence ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Shaft Friction

The paper presents results from a new series of tests on displacement piles in sand, involving different installation modes, and combines these with results from previous tests at the same site as well as with test data at two other well-investigated sand sites to provide fresh insights into factors affecting “short-term” capacity and set-up of shaft friction. It is shown that the shaft capacity measured shortly after installation reduces systematically with the logarithm of the number of impact blows or jacking increments per unit shaft area imparted during installation. However, the degree of set-up of shaft friction for piles increases with an increase in the number of blows, and piles installed using a large number of blows can attain highest “long-term” shaft capacities, despite having the lowest short-term capacity. The tests indicated that the driving impact frequency had a relatively small influence on shaft friction, while piles installed by vibration attain short-term capacities comparable to driven impact piles, but showed negative set-up.

Key risk factors affecting renewable energy independent power producer (IPP) set-up projects in developing countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1340-1355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Nii Addy ◽  
Stephen Akunyumu ◽  
Barbara Simons
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Set Up ◽  
High Level ◽  
Survey Approach

Purpose Sustained access to efficient electricity plays an essential role in improving living conditions of people and contributes to the economic development of the nation as a whole. Volta River Authority (VRA) mainly manages the generation plants (hydropower sources and thermal plants) alongside independent power producers (IPPs). Power generation in the country has been influenced by myriads of factors. Thus, the purpose of this study is to assess the key risk factors affecting renewable energy of IPPs set-up project in Ghana. Design/methodology/approach Quantitative approach was adopted for the study. Empirical investigation was carried out using the survey approach. The likelihood of occurrence of the risk and the degree of impact of same motivated the use of risk significance index to analyze the data and make deductions from the results. Findings From the study, three key risk factors have high level of severity, which include long and complex procedures for authorization of project activities, stability of the policy environment and ease of obtaining rights to land. These risks could be found in the business/strategic risks and policy/regulatory risks categories, respectively. A total of 25 key risk factors had moderate level of severity and 12 key risk factors have low level of severity on renewable energy IPP set up projects. Practical implications Top-ranked risk factors require maximum attention. The identified risks should be alleviated with strategies to reduce levels of severity by targeting either the likelihood of occurrence or the level of impact. This will serve as a catalyze to promoting renewable energy IPP set-up projects in Ghana. Originality/value Key contribution of the paper to the body of knowledge is demonstrated by the empirical evidence of the risks IPPs are likely to encounter in setting up renewable energy plants in Ghana. The distinctive attribute of this study is further demonstrated by the fact that it focused on the set-up stage, which is a critical stage in the renewable energy provision value chain.

Microwave-Induced Catalytic Removal of Hazardous Gases

2015 ◽  
Vol 1092-1093 ◽  
pp. 882-885
Author(s):  
Huan Zhou ◽  
Zhen Xing Cheng ◽  
Nan Wang ◽  
Hong Peng Zhang ◽  
Hua Min Tang
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Microwave Field ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Catalyst Type ◽  
Hazardous Gases ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Catalytic Removal ◽  
Hazardous Gas

A microwave-induced catalytic removal device was designed and set up for studying removal of hazardous or toxic gas from contaminated air. Catalytic oxidative Removal ratios of several hazardous gases of VOCs, CO and H2under microwave field were tested. Results suggested that structure of hazardous gas and catalyst type were main factors affecting the removal efficiency of hazardous gas. Oxidative catalyst contributed to removal of reductive gas. In addition, the flow rate also affected the removal efficiency.

The ecology of Sminthurus viridis (L.) (Collembola). I. Processes influencing numbers in pastures in Western Australia

1967 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1173 ◽  
Author(s):  
MMH Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Early Death ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Dead Bodies ◽  
Fat Bodies ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Content Support ◽  
Type 3

The changes in numbers of Sminthurus viridis (Collembola: Sminthuridae) in pastures in Western Australia were studied for 9 years on one site and for shorter periods on other sites. Five factors affecting numbers are described: (1) weather, (2) soil type (3) botanical composition of the pasture, (4) predation by Bdellodes lapidaria (Acarina: Bdellidae), and (5) eating of dead bodies by newly hatched nymphs. Weather is generally favourable for the active stages during autumn, winter, and spring. In the summer, the species is maintained by aestivating eggs. Dry periods during the winter months sometimes cause high mortalities. Soils containing a high silt-plus-clay content support higher numbers due mainly to increased oviposition. Flea densities increase more rapidly where there is a high proportion of broad-leaved plants, such as clover and capeweed in the pasture. Grassy areas are not favoured. Predation by B. lapidaria effectively reduces numbers. The presence of more than 20 B. lapidaria per square metre early in the winter prevents any outbreak of fleas later in the season. Bdellodes lapidaria numbers increase in response to an increase in flea numbers. An irregular predator-prey cycle is set up in this way. Density-induced mortality, resulting from the newly hatched nymphs eating the bodies of recently dead fleas, plays a dominant role at high densities. This process operates continuously though at decreased intensity at lower densities. When newly hatched nymphs feed upon dead nymphs and adults they ingest materials which cause early death. Sometimes this may lead to a dramatic collapse of the population. Fleas from high-density populations usually contain large quantities of uric acid in their "fat-bodies". It is suggested that death of the mature fleas at high densities is hastened through the storage of excessive amounts of waste material. Death of the young nymphs feeding upon the dead bodies may be brought about by the ingestion of these waste materials, although this has yet to be proven.

Field drainage experiments and design on former opencast coal mining land

1986 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Scullion ◽  
A. R. A. Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Essential Feature ◽  
Soil Air ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Surface Wetness ◽  
Drain Spacing ◽  
Drainage Design ◽  
Drainage Problem ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Field Drainage

SUMMARYA series of drainage trials was set up to investigate various aspects of drainage design on former opencast coal mining land. The drainage problem was characterized. Subsoiling, subsoiling direction with respect to slope and drain spacing were assessed as factors affecting drainage performance. The persistence of subsoiling effectiveness was also monitored. Drainage performances were evaluated statistically (Scullion, Mohammed & Ramshaw, 1986).Surface wetness was the predominant feature of drainage conditions on opencast land and the effectiveness of drainage treatments was limited to the control of this superficial water. Secondary drainage, in this case subsoiling, was found to be an essential feature of field drainage, reducing surface wetness and runoff. The effectiveness of subsoiling was dependent on there being sufficient gradient (4–5%) along channels for intercepted water to clear. For this reason, adoption of appropriate minimum reinstatement gradients and the arrangement of field drains to accommodate preferred directions of secondary treatments would assist drainage effectiveness.There was a gradual deterioration in drainage performance as spacing increased. Spacings in the range 20–30 m appeared to offer a reasonable compromise between cost and benefit. The persistence of subsoiling treatments, which deteriorated markedly after 2–4 years, was not affected by drain spacing. Performance at the widest spacings tested was, however, generally poor regardless of time since subsoiling.A basis for calculating design rates on individual sites and the implications for drainage theory of soil air-water interactions are briefly considered.

scholarly journals CORPORATE FINANCING BEHAVIOUR OF SHARIAH COMPLIANT E50 SMEs. A PANEL DATA APPROACH OF GMM.

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Razali Haron
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Debt Financing ◽  
Advisory Council ◽  
Adjustment Cost ◽  
Method Of Moment ◽  
Partial Adjustment ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Tangible Assets ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moment

Motivated by the recent outstanding growth of Islamic Finance in Malaysia, this study aims to investigate the debt financing behaviour of Shariah compliant E50 SMEs in Malaysia covering the existence of target debt, speed of adjustment and factors affecting the adjustment speed to target debt from 2009 to 2013. The Shariah Advisory Council (SAC), has set up certain standard of parameters as guidelines and carried out periodical monitoring in classifying Shariah compliant securities like the prohibition of activities that involve interest (riba), gambling (maisir), uncertainties and speculative trading (gharar). The dynamic model employed and estimated using the Generalized Method of Moment (GMM). Under the dynamic model, the observed debt of a firm should be equal to its optimal debt. However, with the presence of adjustment cost, a firm performs only a partial adjustment to be at the target debt. The model revealed certain determinants significantly influence target debt financing. The positive relationship between tangibility and capital structure yielded in this study enhances Shariah imposition that debt must be asset-backed which means a firm operating under Islamic principles cannot have debt exceeding the tangible assets. This study contributes to the literature and fills the gap by exploring into a relatively new area of debt financing which is the dynamic aspects and also help to enhance the understanding on debt financing behaviour of Shariah compliant SMEs in Malaysia.

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