scholarly journals The Effect of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Derived from Various Sources on Bone Metabolism in Growing Female Rats

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin E. Lukas
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Omega 3

The effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids on bone health

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-232
Author(s):  
Marcello Maggio ◽  
Andrea Artoni ◽  
Fulvio Lauretani ◽  
Carmelinda Ruggiero ◽  
Tommy Cederholm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Membrane Function ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Omega 6

SummaryThe essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are divided into two classes, n-3 (ω-3) and n-6 (ω-6) and their dietary precursors are α-linolenic (ALA) and linoleic acid (LA), respectively. PUFAs are precursors of a wide range of metabolites, for example eicosanoids like prostaglandins and leukotrienes, which play critical roles in the regulation of a variety of biological processes, including bone metabolism.A large body of evidence supports an effect of PUFA on bone metabolism which may be mediated by regulation of osteoblastogenesis and osteoclast activity, change of membrane function, decrease in inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), modulation of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and influence in NO secretion and NO synthase.Animal studies have shown that a higher dietary omega-3/omega-6 fatty acids ratio is associated with beneficial effects on bone health. Human studies conducted in elderly subjects suggest that omega-3 instead of omega-6 has a positive effect on bone metabolism. In spite of increasing evidence, studies conducted in humans do not allow us to draw a definitive conclusion on the usefulness of PUFAs in clinical practice.

Consumption of different sources of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids by growing female rats affects long bone mass and microarchitecture

Bone ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Lukas ◽  
Joseph C. Gigliotti ◽  
Brenda J. Smith ◽  
Stephanie Altman ◽  
Janet C. Tou
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Different Sources

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of polyunsaturated fatty acids efficacy in adolescents with anorexia nervosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-106
Author(s):  
Agnieszka M. Piróg-Balcerzak ◽  
Anna K. Bażyńska ◽  
Katarzyna Biernacka ◽  
Joanna Brągoszewska ◽  
Lidia Popek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Female Adolescent ◽  
Eating Attitude ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Eat 26

Objective. Omega–3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were tested in adolescent depression and in several neurodevelopmental disorders with partial success. Anorexia nervosa (AN) is characterised by deficiencies in fatty food intake and frequent comorbidity, including depressive and cognitive symptoms. Thus supplementation with PUFAs may be beneficial in this group of patients. The aim of the study was to assess whether PUFAs as an add-on treatment is associated with better improvement of body mass index (BMI) and psychopathological symptoms than placebo in patients with AN. Method. 61 female adolescent inpatients with AN were randomly allocated to omega–3 PUFAs supplementation or placebo for 10 weeks. Patients also participated in the behavioural programme and eclectic psychotherapy (treatment as usual, TAU). At baseline and follow-up visits, patients’ BMI and psychopathology were assessed with Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI), Patient Global Impression Scale (PGI), and Eating Attitude Test (EAT-26). Results. After 10 weeks, both groups showed improvement in all parameters. Improvement in CGI scores was observed greater in placebo vs. PUFA-s group (p = 0.015) while other differences were not statistically significant. Omega–3 PUFAs supplementation appears not to be effective as an add-on treatment in inpatient adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa. Conclusions. The results should be analysed with caution due to small sample size and heterogeneity in TAU. As the TAU turned out to be highly effective, additional therapeutic effect of PUFA might not be visible. Nevertheless, that does not explain the tendency for better improvement in the placebo group.

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