scholarly journals Aquaculture-related stress on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus)

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher D. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Char ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Related Stress

Diurnal and nocturnal feeding activity in Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

1997 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 2894-2900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Alanärä ◽  
Eva Brännäs
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Arctic Char ◽  
Diel Activity ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Nocturnal Feeding ◽  
Nocturnal Fish

When food is limited and competition for it is high, individual fish may adopt different diel activity patterns. We followed individual feeding activity in groups of 10 Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) using a combined self-feeding and PIT-tag system. Food was supplied at low and high rewards to five replicate groups of Arctic char and rainbow trout. Four categories were identified in both species: high-triggering diurnal (diurnal fish with the highest self-feeding activity), low-triggering diurnal, nocturnal, and nontriggering fish. On average, the photophase proportion of the total daily activity was approx 90% in diurnal and approx 20% in nocturnal individuals. Rainbow trout offered high rewards did not show any diel preferences. Diurnal Arctic char and rainbow trout with the highest self-feeding activity were initially larger and had the highest growth rates, indicating a high social position. Nocturnal fish were initially smaller and their proportion of trigger actuations much lower than the high-triggering diurnal fish. These still grew successfully whereas nontriggering fish grew significantly less. Thus, some individuals with a low social status may apply an alternative strategy to attain adequate growth by feeding at night when dominant individuals are less aggressive. This may be referred to as concurrent dualism (diurnalism and nocturnalism).

Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) and Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Differ in Their Growth and Lipid Metabolism in Response to Dietary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

1994 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 1391-1400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuwei Yang ◽  
Terry A. Dick
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Char ◽  
Polar Lipids ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Dietary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

Juvenile Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were fed one commercial and three casein-based diets varying in amounts of 18:2n-6 and 18:3n-3, two polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), for 12 wk at 10 °C. Both species on the diet without PUFA had lower specific growth rate (SGR) but higher percentages of liver neutral lipids and 20:3n-9 in liver polar lipids than those fed high PUFA content or commercial diets. Regardless of the amount of 18:3n-3 in the diets, the percentages of 20:3n-9 and 20:3n-9/22:6n-3 in liver or muscle polar lipids were significantly lower in char than in trout; values in trout were lower than reported in other studies. These findings question the use of 20:3n-9/22:6n-3 as an indicator of essential fatty acid status for both species. Different levels of 20:3n-9, 22:6n-3, and other PUFAs in tissue polar lipids of the two species suggest that Δ6 and/or Δ5 desaturases are less efficient in char. While trout fed test diets had slightly less 20:4n-6 than wild trout, char had 1/10 less 20:4n-6 in muscle polar and total lipids than wild char, suggesting that char may require n-6 and n-3 PUFA in their diet for optimal performance.

Trophic ecology of nonanadromous rainbow trout in a post-glacial lake system: partial convergence of adfluvial and fluvial forms

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (8) ◽  
pp. 818-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C. Arostegui ◽  
T.P. Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Trophic Ecology ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Char ◽  
Dolly Varden ◽  
Isotopic Signatures ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Dolly Varden Salvelinus Malma

The rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792)) is one of many salmonid species exhibiting a gradient of life histories including fluvial (stream-resident), anadromous (ocean-migrant), and adfluvial (lake-migrant) forms, the last of which is less extensively studied than the other two. Our goal was to determine the extent of diet segregation between fluvial and adfluvial rainbow trout. We collected stomach content and stable isotope data on rainbow trout sampled in stream and lake habitats in a southwestern Alaska watershed during summer and compared them with data on sympatric stream- and lake-specialist char species, Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma (Walbaum in Artedi, 1792)) and Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus (Linnaeus, 1758)), respectively. Rainbow trout in streams fed largely on aquatic insects, while those in the lake ate primarily benthic snails and amphipods. The trophic segregation of stream-resident and lake-migrant rainbow trout mirrored but was less extreme than the divergence of lotic Dolly Varden and lentic Arctic char in the same system. Spawning sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka (Walbaum in Artedi, 1792)) provided a nutrient subsidy in the form of eggs that supported rainbow trout in both stream and lake (littoral) habitats, causing their isotopic signatures to converge. This study augments knowledge of partial migration and trophic divergence within populations.

Distribution of Temperature Tolerance Quantitative Trait Loci in Arctic Charr (Salvelinus alpinus) and Inferred Homologies in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Genetics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 165 (3) ◽  
pp. 1443-1456
Author(s):  
Ildiko M L Somorjai ◽  
Roy G Danzmann ◽  
Moira M Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Genome Duplication ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Charr ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Trait Loci

Abstract We searched for quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting upper temperature tolerance (UTT) in crosses between the Nauyuk Lake and Fraser River strains of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) using survival analysis. Two QTL were detected by using two microsatellite markers after correcting for experiment-wide error. A comparative mapping approach localized these two QTL to homologous linkage groups containing UTT QTL in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Additional marginal associations were detected in several families in regions homologous to those with QTL in rainbow trout. Thus, the genes underlying UTT QTL may antedate the divergence of these two species, which occurred by ∼16 MYA. The data also indicate that one pair of homeologs (ancestrally duplicated chromosomal segments) have contained QTL in Arctic charr since the evolution of salmonids from a tetraploid ancestor 25-100 MYA. This study represents one of the first examples of comparative QTL mapping in an animal polyploid group and illustrates the fate of QTL after genome duplication and reorganization.

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