scholarly journals Source Water Protection Planning for Ontario First Nations Communities: Case Studies Identifying Challenges and Outcomes

Water ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Collins ◽  
Deborah McGregor ◽  
Stephanie Allen ◽  
Craig Murray ◽  
Chris Metcalfe
Keyword(s):  
First Nations ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Source Water Protection

scholarly journals Understanding Local Water Collaboration for the Potential to Enhance Community Source Water Protection at Chippewas of the Thames First Nation

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalya Garrod
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Water Insecurity ◽  
Source Water Protection ◽  
Local Water ◽  
Community Source

First Nations in Canada are disproportionately affected by chronic drinking water insecurity (Bakker, 2012). Aboriginal Affair and Northern Development Canada conducted an assessment of First Nations water and wastewater systems in 2001 and found significant risk to the quality and safety of drinking water on three- quarters of all systems (Johns and Rasmussen, 2008). Neegan Burnside (2011) classified four differentrisks that affect drinking water systems for First Nations, which include, no source water protection plan,deterioration of water quality over time, risk of contamination, and insufficient capacity to meet futurerequirements. This study found that the two highest risks were risk of source water contamination and thelack of a community source water protection plan (Neegan Burnside, 2011). Water security, sustainableaccess on a watershed basis to adequate quantities of water of acceptable quality to ensure human andecosystem health (Bakker, 2012), therefore requires source water protection and collaboration amongwater actors. Collaboration is defined as the pooling of resources by multiple stakeholders to solveproblems, which includes a balance of power among actors, mutually agreed upon objectives, is perceived as legitimate, and includes a wide variety of stakeholders (Ashlie, 2019; Van Der Porten, 2013; Spencer etal., 2016; Black & McBean, 2017).

scholarly journals Exploring Attitudes Towards Water Collaboration for Source Water Protection Between First Nations and Ontario Municipalities

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalya Garrod
Keyword(s):  
First Nations ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Relationship Building ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Source Water Protection ◽  
Conservation Authorities ◽  
Collaborative Efforts

My research will examine how collaborative source water protection planning involving First Nations, municipalities, and conservation authorities can act as an avenue for enhancing water security on-reserves in southern Ontario. There is plenty of academic literature that examines the extent of water quality issues on First Nations reserves in Canada, and on the factors that contribute to the problem. However, what is lacking are those focused on collaborative efforts between First Nations, municipalities, and conservation authorities. This gap has been acknowledged by other academics in the field. For example, Nelles and Alcantara (2011) claim scholars have ignored the variety of inter-governmental agreements between Indigenous communities and municipal governments in Canada. “We know very little about collaborative agreements, how or why they have emerged or failed to emerge, and whether or not they would be successful” (Nelles and Alcantara, 2011). Some questions have yet to been answered, such as, what collaborative models currently exist that would enable source water protection? What kind of relationships exist between First Nations and their neighbouring municipalities and conservation authorities? How can these relationships work to positively impact source water protection in the region? The goal of this research is to assess the attitudes, opinions, and experiences of First Nations, Municipalities, and Conservation Authorities in a shared watershed to determine how they might be able to work towards collaborative source water protection planning. A case study approach will be used with COTTFN, the City of London, and Upper and Lower Thames Conservation Authorities. This document will act as a guide to collaborative efforts and relationship building can enhance source water protection.

Understanding Local Water Collaboration for the Potential to Enhance Community Source Water Protection at Chippewas of the Thames First Name

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalya Garrod
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Water Insecurity ◽  
Source Water Protection ◽  
Local Water ◽  
Community Source

First Nations in Canada are disproportionately affected by chronic drinking water insecurity (Bakker, 2012). Aboriginal Affair and Northern Development Canada conducted an assessment of First Nations water and wastewater systems in 2001 and found significant risk to the quality and safety of drinking water on three- quarters of all systems (Johns and Rasmussen, 2008). Neegan Burnside (2011) classified four differentrisks that affect drinking water systems for First Nations, which include, no source water protection plan,deterioration of water quality over time, risk of contamination, and insufficient capacity to meet futurerequirements. This study found that the two highest risks were risk of source water contamination and thelack of a community source water protection plan (Neegan Burnside, 2011). Water security, sustainableaccess on a watershed basis to adequate quantities of water of acceptable quality to ensure human andecosystem health (Bakker, 2012), therefore requires source water protection and collaboration amongwater actors. Collaboration is defined as the pooling of resources by multiple stakeholders to solveproblems, which includes a balance of power among actors, mutually agreed upon objectives, is perceived as legitimate, and includes a wide variety of stakeholders (Ashlie, 2019; Van Der Porten, 2013; Spencer etal., 2016; Black & McBean, 2017).

Pathogens

High and Dry ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
William M. Alley ◽  
Rosemarie Alley
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Drinking Water Safety ◽  
Source Water Protection ◽  
Canadian Provinces

This chapter examines microbial contamination of groundwater that can threaten drinking water supplies and the importance of proper well construction and protection. Case studies are presented of E. coli poisoning in Walkerton, Ontario and viruses in Wisconsin. The Walkerton incident in 2000 caused Canadian provinces to take a hard look at their drinking water safety through better monitoring, enforcement, training, and source-water protection programs. The Wisconsin case study illustrates the potential for viruses from leaking sewers to contaminant municipal wells.

scholarly journals Moving towards Effective First Nations’ Source Water Protection: Barriers, Opportunities, and a Framework

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2957
Author(s):  
Rachael Marshall ◽  
Michele Desjardine ◽  
Jana Levison ◽  
Kim Anderson ◽  
Edward McBean
Keyword(s):  
First Nations ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Indigenous Research ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Source Water Protection ◽  
Source Waters

It is well known that watershed-based source water protection programs are integral to the provision of clean drinking water. However, the involvement of Indigenous communities in these programs is very limited in Canada, which has contributed to the vulnerability of Indigenous source waters to contamination. Through a partnership with an Anishinaabe community, this research aimed to identify challenges and opportunities for communities and practitioners to improve the protection of Indigenous source waters in the province of Ontario. The methodology followed the Indigenous research principles of relationship, respect, relevance, reciprocity, and responsibility. Interviews and a youth focus group were conducted with Indigenous community members and practitioners from industry, academia, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and government. Analysis was conducted using an iterative process to develop codes and themes in the qualitative data analysis software NVivo. Results indicated that issues with scale, jurisdiction, the concept of source water protection, representation, funding, and capacity impact efforts to protect Indigenous source waters. Hopeful recent developments and upcoming opportunities were identified, and a water protection framework for First Nation communities in Ontario was developed in partnership with an Anishinaabe water protection committee. Recommendations are provided to multiple sectors for moving forward respectfully, and effectively, towards the protection of Indigenous waters.

scholarly journals Adapting to Climate Change Through Source Water Protection: Case Studies from Alberta and Saskatchewan, Canada

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J Patrick
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Canadian Prairie ◽  
Drinking Water Sources ◽  
Source Water Protection ◽  
Taking Action

The protection of drinking water sources continues to gain momentum in First Nation communities on the Canadian Prairie. Through the identification of potential threats to drinking water sources communities are taking action to mitigate those threats. This article explores the extent to which climate change has been taken into consideration in recent source water protection planning community exercises. In addition, this article describes how source water protection planning has potential to enhance community adaptation strategies to reduce the impacts of climate change on source water and drinking water systems. Results are based on six case studies from Alberta and Saskatchewan.

A Tale of Two Cities — Source Water Protection Case Studies for Systems in Rural Settings

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Petersen ◽  
Camille W. Sowells ◽  
Gordon McCurry ◽  
Alexandra Doody ◽  
Claudia Krug ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Rural Settings ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
Source Water Protection

Freshwater biodiversity conservation through source water protection: Quantifying the potential and addressing the challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 1022-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Abell ◽  
Kari Vigerstol ◽  
Jonathan Higgins ◽  
Shiteng Kang ◽  
Nathan Karres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Freshwater Biodiversity ◽  
Source Water Protection
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