scholarly journals National Large-Scale Wetland Creation in Agricultural Areas—Potential versus Realized Effects on Nutrient Transports

Water ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Weisner ◽  
Karin Johannesson ◽  
Geraldine Thiere ◽  
Henrik Svengren ◽  
Per Ehde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Potential Versus ◽  
Wetland Creation ◽  
Agricultural Areas

Farmers’ Grain Storage and Losses in Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fantu Bachewe ◽  
Bart Minten ◽  
Alemayehu Seyoum Taffesse ◽  
Karl Pauw ◽  
Alethia Cameron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Household Surveys ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Large Share ◽  
Southwest Ethiopia ◽  
Storage Losses ◽  
Storage Technologies ◽  
Agricultural Areas

Abstract While storage losses at the farm are often assumed to be an important contributor to presumed large postharvest losses in developing countries, reliable and representative data on these losses are often lacking. We study farmers’ storage decisions and self-reported storage losses for grains based on two large-scale household surveys conducted in major agricultural areas in Ethiopia. We show that a relatively large share of grain production is stored by farm households for own consumption and that storage technologies are rudimentary. Farmers’ self-reported storage losses amount to an average of 4 % of all grains stored and 2 % of total harvest. These storage losses differ significantly by socioeconomic variables and wealth, as well as by crop and humidity. We further see strong spatial heterogeneity in storage losses being significantly higher in southwest Ethiopia. Efforts to scale up the adoption of improved storage technologies to reduce storage losses at the farm level should consider these characteristics.

scholarly journals Redundant Photo-Voltaic Power Cell in a Highly Reliable System

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1253
Author(s):  
Bertalan Beszédes ◽  
Károly Széll ◽  
György Györök
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Electrical Network ◽  
Game Management ◽  
Controlled System ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Power Cell ◽  
Industrial Pipeline ◽  
Agricultural Areas

The conversion of solar energy into electricity makes it possible to generate a power resource at the relevant location, independent of the availability of the electrical network. The application of the technology greatly facilitates the supply of electricity to objects that, due to their location, cannot be connected to the electrical network. Typical areas of use are nature reserves, game management areas, large-scale agricultural areas, large-scale livestock areas, industrial pipeline routes, water resources far from infrastructure, etc. The protection of such areas and assets and the detection of their functionality are of particular importance, sectors classified as critical infrastructure are of paramount importance. This article aims to show the conceptual structure of a possible design of a high-reliability, redundant, modular, self-monitoring, microcontroller-controlled system that can be used in the outlined areas.

scholarly journals Agricultural Development through Regional Approach: A Case Study in Poultry Production Central Area in Mungka Sub-district, Lima Puluh Kota District

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Sri Endang Kornita, Sjafrizal, Helmi, Asdi Agustar
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Development Theory ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Regional Approach ◽  
Economic Development Theory ◽  
Agricultural Areas

The regional approach in agricultural development has only been limited to the concept and has not been implemented in real terms. Various forms and models of agricultural development policy using the regional approach cannot prove that the indicators of regional approach have existed and been applied in agricultural areas. The development of agriculture so far has only been sectoral. This indicates that the concept of agricultural development through regional approach has not been implemented in real condition. In development through regional approach, the synergies among sectors and among economic activities are compulsory. The production central area (PCA) approach is one of the agricultural development approaches based on regional economic development theory. This research aimed to assess how area production center as a model of agricultural development that had considered regional concept, could be success in developing regions. The respondents were layer hen breeders residing in PCA location and Non PCA (50 respondents each).The study reveals that the value of agglomeration profits of large scale economies (SEI), localization economies (LEI), capital and labor showed positive and significant effects on layer hen production at PCA location. To further increase commodity production in PCA, the agglomeration profits as a regional approach variables should be part of the PCA analysis to improve productivity, efficiency and provide added value for farmers/breeders.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF AGRICULTURAL LAND SOILS of LVIV REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zinovy Pankiv ◽  
Andrii Kyrylchuk ◽  
Oksana Bonishko
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
The Real ◽  
Podzolic Soils ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Land Assessment

The basis of agricultural land assessment (soil rating, economic land assessment, normative monetary assessment of land) is the properties of agricultural soil groups (141 agricultural groups) within 11 natural-agricultural districts of Lviv region. The structure of the soil cover of Lviv region is dominated by sod-podzolic soils (17.9%), brown soils, mountain-forest (14.0%), dark gray podzolic soils (12.1%). Typical low-humus black soils (78.6%), podzolic black soils (75.2%), and black-meadow soils (66.9%) are characterized by the highest indicators of agricultural development. Quite significant agricultural development, due to large-scale drainage reclamation, is characterized by hydromorphic soils: meadow-swamp (94.7%), swamp (84.2%), peat-swamp (82.5%), lowland peatlands (72.1). The most significant disadvantage of rating is the use of outdated information about natural and acquired soil properties, which do not correspond to the current state, do not reflect the quality of soils. In order to improve land assessment indicators, it is advisable to conduct soil research on all land plots. The weighted average rating of soil quality of agricultural lands of the region is 26 and has significant fluctuations in terms of natural-agricultural areas (NAA): 48 points for Zolochiv and 10 for Turkiv, which is due to the structure of agricultural groups in these areas and their diagnostic indicators. Dark gray podzolic and degraded, black soil podzolic and slightly degraded (75 points) and black soil crushed on the eluvium of dense carbonate rocks (76 points) have the highest rating of arable agricultural groups in Lviv region. Economic assessment of land was carried out in the conditions of the collective farm-state farm system of land use at approximately the same cost per unit of production and therefore in modern conditions of diversity of agricultural entities they do not reflect the real situation and require significant improvement. The introduction of land reform in Ukraine has facilitated the monetary assessment of lands, which is determined by their location within a certain NAA, the composition of lands and the rating scores of the quality of agricultural groups of soils within them. The highest cost of arable land in Borshchovytskyi and Zolochivskyi NAA districts (56.3 thousand UAH and 61.6 thousand UAH per 1 ha, respectively) (agro-group 100 d, e). UAH The highest cost of hayfields in Zolochiv SSR district - 20.3 thousand UAH per 1 hectare (agrogroup 133d) The highest value of 1 hectare of pastures in Sambir-Zhydachiv NAA district - 16.7 thousand UAH (agrogroup 18c). Given the complexity and high cost of large-scale soil surveys within the state, it is advisable to conduct soil research on all land plots involved in civil relations (lease, sale, mortgage, gift, inheritance, mine), which will establish the real state of soil cover within their limits, calculate real assessment and, in the future, update information on the main means of labor in agriculture and forestry. Key words: soil resources, agrogroups, natural-agricultural areas, rating of agrogroups, normative monetary assessment of soils.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Salinity by Using Wavelet Modeling

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Funda Dökmen ◽  
Zafer ASLAN
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Groundwater Irrigation ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The World ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Study Laboratory

Abstract Every year, due to the salinity resulting from improper irrigation practices, almost 10 billion ha of agricultural lands across the world cannot be used. Among the main elements (cations) for salinity in regions with dry or semi-dry climate are potassium (K+), sodium (Na+), calcium (Ca+2) and magnesium (Mg+’2). Using proper irrigation methods as well as ensuring the quality of irrigation water are of great importance in terms of the salinity of agricultural soils. In this study, laboratory analyses of ground water resources for salinity parameters were conducted in the province of Yalova (Taşköprü, Çiftlikköy, and Altınova regions). In the explanation of the analysis results, variations and effects based on the level of salinity were taken into account and the role of small, meso and large scale factors were determined through the use of the wavelet model. The study results would be of use in the estimation of salinity contents of soils with respect to groundwater irrigation in agricultural areas.

scholarly journals Triggering Influence of Seasonal Agricultural Irrigation on Shallow Loess Landslides on the South Jingyang Plateau, China

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui-Xin Yan ◽  
Jian-Bing Peng ◽  
Qiang-Bing Huang ◽  
Li-Jie Chen ◽  
Chen-Yun Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Agricultural Irrigation ◽  
The South ◽  
Field Investigations ◽  
Static Liquefaction ◽  
Loess Landslides ◽  
Developmental Characteristics ◽  
Agricultural Areas

Since large-scale agricultural irrigation began in the 1980s, 92 landslides have occurred around the South Jingyang Plateau during the past 40 years. The geological disaster and soil erosion have caused numerous casualties and substantial property loss. In this work, several field investigations are carried out to explore the soil erosion and mechanical mechanism of these irrigated shallow loess landslides on the South Jingyang Plateau. (1) We investigated the spatial distributions, types and developmental characteristics of loess landslides. (2) We surveyed and monitored seasonal agricultural irrigation features and groundwater changes in the area since the 1980s and found that irrigation is a significant factor influencing groundwater changes, soil erosion and even causing landslides to occur. (3) Based on the field investigation, the occurrence of these irrigated shallow loess landslides was generalized, and it was found that the core process was due to the liquefaction of softening zone. We carried out a static liquefaction test and verified that the natural loess was prone to liquefaction. (4) The three main reasons for shallow loess landslides in the South Jingyang Plateau were discussed. This study provides a valuable reference for achieving an understanding of the relationship between seasonal agricultural irrigation and the occurrence of loess landslides in the area as well as similar irrigated agricultural areas.

scholarly journals Genetic Analysis of Salt-Tolerant Mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana

Genetics ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 154 (1) ◽  
pp. 421-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor Quesada ◽  
María Rosa Ponce ◽  
José Luis Micol
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Protein Product ◽  
Incomplete Penetrance ◽  
Complementation Groups ◽  
Mutant Lines ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Ionic Effects ◽  
Large Scale Screening

Abstract Stress caused by the increased salinity of irrigated fields impairs plant growth and is one of the major constraints that limits crop productivity in many important agricultural areas. As a contribution to solving such agronomic problems, we have carried out a large-scale screening for Arabidopsis thaliana mutants induced on different genetic backgrounds by EMS treatment, fast neutron bombardment, or T-DNA insertions. From the 675,500 seeds we screened, 17 mutant lines were isolated, all but one of which yielded 25–70% germination levels on 250 mm NaCl medium, a condition in which their ancestor ecotypes are unable to germinate. Monogenic recessive inheritance of NaCl-tolerant germination was displayed with incomplete penetrance by all the selected mutants, which fell into five complementation groups. These were named SALOBREÑO (SAÑ) and mapped relative to polymorphic microsatellites, the map positions of three of them suggesting that they are novel genes. Strains carrying mutations in the SAÑ1-SAÑ4 genes display similar responses to both ionic effects and osmotic pressure, their germination being NaCl and mannitol tolerant but KCl and Na2SO4 sensitive. In addition, NaCl-, KCl-, and mannitol-tolerant as well as abscisic-acid-insensitive germination was displayed by sañ5, whose genetic and molecular characterization indicates that it carries an extremely hypomorphic or null allele of the ABI4 gene, its deduced protein product lacking the APETALA2 DNA binding domain.

scholarly journals Assemblage Characteristics of Butterflies and Carabid Beetles as a Function of Soil Characteristics and Plant Diversity in Differently Managed Fields, Forests and Ecotones: A Case Study in Tuczno Forest District, Poland

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Szyszko-Podgórska ◽  
Izabela Dymitryszyn ◽  
Urszula Jankiewicz ◽  
Marek Kondras ◽  
Ewa Żyfka-Zagrodzińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Carabid Beetles ◽  
Insect Fauna ◽  
Heterogeneous Landscape ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Taxonomic Groups ◽  
Agricultural Areas

A drastic decline in insect fauna on a large scale has been reported. We assume that this is a multifactorial problem involving biotope types and plant diversity, soil characteristics and human activity (management of areas). The aim of our study was to analyze diversity patterns of carabid beetles and butterflies as predatory and phytophagous arthropod groups in response to soil characteristics and plant diversity in different types of ecosystems and ecotones with diverse management situated in a heterogeneous landscape composed of different forests, agricultural and post-agricultural areas of different stages of succession and watercourses and mires in north-western Poland. Three different forests, three fallows, two meadows and two ecotones, differing with respect to the involved ecosystems, were included in the study. Our results showed that the study site types differed with respect to soil characteristics and plant diversity, but ecotones were not characterized by explicitly higher diversity in these parameters. For both carabid beetles and butterflies, characteristic assemblages for individual study sites could be demonstrated. We could also show differences in the most important factors between these two taxonomic groups. We assume that management type is important regarding ecosystem characteristics and biodiversity. Large-scale management strategies are necessary in order to maintain or create landscapes with high natural qualities.

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