scholarly journals Estimation of Evapotranspiration and Crop Coefficient of Chinese Cabbage Using Eddy Covariance in Northwest China

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 2781
Author(s):  
Jie Ding ◽  
Sien Li ◽  
Hongshuo Wang ◽  
Chunyu Wang ◽  
Yunxuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eddy Covariance ◽  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Late Stages

Chinese cabbage is a key vegetable crop in northwest China. It is of great significance to study the evapotranspiration (ET) and crop coefficient (Kc) for agricultural water-saving management in this area. Eddy covariance (EC) was used to measure the ET and Kc of Chinese cabbage in northwest China from 1 May to 16 October 2020, in order to analyze the characteristics of these variables under plastic mulch. The results showed that the average Kc of the first crop of cabbage was higher in the middle and late stages, with values of 1.08 and 1.09 during the heading and maturity stages, respectively. The average Kc of the second crop of cabbage was higher in the middle stage, with values of 1.10 and 1.13 during the rosette and heading stages, respectively. The average annual Kc of Chinese cabbage was 0.81. Although Kc was higher in the middle and late periods, the water use efficiency was still 28.96 kg·ha−1·mm−1. The annual ET of Chinese cabbage was 505.3 mm. The study revealed the variation pattern of ET and Kc of Chinese cabbage, which provides an important scientific basis for the irrigation management of Chinese cabbage and is of great significance to guide the practice of water-saving vegetable planting.

Crop coefficient for spring maize under plastic mulch based on 12-year eddy covariance observation in the arid region of Northwest China

2020 ◽  
Vol 588 ◽  
pp. 125108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Guo ◽  
Sien Li ◽  
Shaozhong Kang ◽  
Taisheng Du ◽  
Ling Tong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eddy Covariance ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Spring Maize

Exploring Northwest China's agricultural water-saving strategy: analysis of water use efficiency based on an SE-DEA model conducted in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 1106-1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Mu ◽  
L. Fang ◽  
H. Wang ◽  
L. Chen ◽  
Y. Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Water Governance ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Use Efficiency

Worldwide, water scarcity threatens delivery of water to urban centers. Increasing water use efficiency (WUE) is often recommended to reduce water demand, especially in water-scarce areas. In this paper, agricultural water use efficiency (AWUE) is examined using the super-efficient data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach in Xi'an in Northwest China at a temporal and spatial level. The grey systems analysis technique was then adopted to identify the factors that influenced the efficiency differentials under the shortage of water resources. From the perspective of temporal scales, the AWUE increased year by year during 2004–2012, and the highest (2.05) was obtained in 2009. Additionally, the AWUE was the best in the urban area at the spatial scale. Moreover, the key influencing factors of the AWUE are the financial situations and agricultural water-saving technology. Finally, we identified several knowledge gaps and proposed water-saving strategies for increasing AWUE and reducing its water demand by: (1) improving irrigation practices (timing and amounts) based on compatible water-saving techniques; (2) maximizing regional WUE by managing water resources and allocation at regional scales as well as enhancing coordination among Chinese water governance institutes.

scholarly journals INFLUÊNCIA DA COBERTURA MORTA NA EVAPOTRANSPIRAÇÃO, COEFICIENTE DE CULTIVO E EFICIÊNCIA DE USO DE ÁGUA DO MILHO CULTIVADO EM CERRADO

Irriga ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 352
Author(s):  
HIPÓLITO MURGA-ORRILLO ◽  
WELLINGTON FARIAS ARAUJO ◽  
CARLOS ABANTO RODRIGUEZ ◽  
RICARDO MANUEL BARDALES LOZANO ◽  
ROBERTO TADASHI SAKAZAKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Crop Cycle ◽  
Use Efficiency

INFLUÊNCIA DA COBERTURA MORTA NA EVAPOTRANSPIRAÇÃO, COEFICIENTE DE CULTIVO E EFICIÊNCIA DE USO DE ÁGUA DO MILHO CULTIVADO EM CERRADO HIPÓLITO MURGA-ORRILLO1; WELLINGTON FARIAS ARAÚJO2; CARLOS ABANTO-RODRIGUEZ3; ROBERTO TADASHI SAKAZAKI4; RICARDO MANUEL BARDALES-LOZANO5 E ANA ROSA POLO-VARGAS6 1Engenheiro Agrônomo, Prof. Auxiliar, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Chota, (UNACH), Jr. Gregorio Malca Nº 875- Campus Colpa Matara, Chota, Perú. [email protected] Agrônomo, Prof. Dr. Associado da UFRR/CCA, Boa Vista, RR. [email protected] Florestal, Investigador no Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, Carretera Federico Basadre, Km 12,400, Yarinacocha, Ucayali, Perú. [email protected] Agrônomo, Doutorando na UFRR/CCA, Boa Vista, RR. [email protected] Agrônomo, Doutorando na UFRR/Bionorte, Boa Vista, RR. [email protected] Agrônoma, Graduada na Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca, (UNC), Av. Atahualpa Nº 1050- Carretera Cajamarca-Baños del Inca, Cajamarca, Perú. [email protected]  1 RESUMOA irrigação consome grande quantidade de água, sendo importante um adequado manejo da cultura para minimizar esse consumo, maximizando a produção. No intuito de obter informações para o manejo da irrigação, objetivou-se com o presente trabalho determinar a evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc), o coeficiente de cultivo (Kc) e a eficiência do uso de água (EUAg) da cultura de milho, em solo com e sem cobertura, durante os diferentes estádios de desenvolvimento, utilizando lisímetros de drenagem. O experimento foi conduzido no campus Cauamé da Universidade Federal de Roraima, entre 19/04/2014 e 07/08/2014, em Boa Vista, RR. A evapotranspiração de referência (ETo) foi estimada pelo método de Penman-Monteith FAO. Os resultados da ETc do milho, durante o ciclo da cultura, em solo sem e com cobertura foram de 421,5 e 351,0 mm, respectivamente. As médias diárias de ETc foram de 4,1 mm dia-1 para solo sem cobertura e 3,4 mm dia-1 para solo com cobertura. A cobertura do solo propiciou valores diferentes de Kc's para o milho, nos mesmos estádios, em comparação aos Kc’s do solo descoberto. Para o solo descoberto, os Kc’s observados para os estádios fenológicos I, II, III, e IV, foram de 0,40; 0,84; 1,59 e 0,81, respectivamente. Já para solo com cobertura, os Kc’s pelos mesmos estádios em menção foram 0,28; 0,64; 1,49 e 0,48, respectivamente. A EUAg para solo com cobertura foi 1,77 kg m-3 e para solo sem cobertura foi 1,65 kg m-3. Estes resultados mostram que a cobertura morta no solo influenciou no consumo hídrico do milho durante todo seu ciclo. Palavras-chave: Zea mays. Irrigação. Solo coberto. Consumo hídrico.  MURGA-ORRILLO, H.; ARAÚJO, W. F.; ABANTO-RODRIGUEZ C.; SAKAZAKI, R. T.; BARDALES-LOZANO R. M.; POLO-VARGAS, A. R.MULCH INFLUENCE ON EVAPOTRANSPIRATION, CROP COEFFICIENT AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY OF CORN GROWN IN THE SAVANNAH   2 ABSTRACTIrrigation consumes large amounts of water, and minimizing consumption and maximizing the production are  important to a proper crop management . In order to obtain information for irrigation management, the aim of the present study was to determine evapotranspiration (ETc),  crop coefficient (Kc) and  water use efficiency (WUE) of maize grown in soil with and without cover, during the various stages of development, using drainage lysimeters. The experiment was conducted in Cauamé campus of the Federal University of Roraima, from 19/04/2014 to 08/07/2014, in Boa Vista, RR. The reference evapotranspiration (ETo) was estimated by the Penman-Monteith method. The results of the corn ETc during the crop cycle in soil with and without coverage were 421.5 and 351.0 mm, respectively. The daily average of ETc were 4.1 mm day-1 for bare soil and 3.4 mm day-1 for soil with cover. The ground cover led to different values of Kc's for corn in the same stages as compared to Kc's from the bare ground. For bare soil, the Kc's observed for the phenological stages I, II, III, and IV were 0.40; 0.84; 1.59 and 0.81, respectively. As for covered soil, the Kc's in the same stadiums mentioned were 0.28; 0.64; 1.49 and 0.48, respectively. The WUE to soil with cover was 1.77 kg m-3 and ground without cover was 1.65 kg m-3. These results show that  soil mulching influenceS maize water consumption throughout its cycle. Keywords: Zea mays. Irrigation. Ground covered. Water consumption.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Hybrid Reflectance-Based Crop Coefficient and Energy Balance Evapotranspiration Model for Irrigation Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 533-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Burdette Barker ◽  
Christopher M. U. Neale ◽  
Derek M. Heeren ◽  
Andrew E. Suyker
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Eddy Covariance ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Crop Coefficients

Abstract. Accurate generation of spatial soil water maps is useful for many types of irrigation management. A hybrid remote sensing evapotranspiration (ET) model combining reflectance-based basal crop coefficients (Kcbrf) and a two-source energy balance (TSEB) model was modified and validated for use in real-time irrigation management. We modeled spatial ET for maize and soybean fields in eastern Nebraska for the 2011-2013 growing seasons. We used Landsat 5, 7, and 8 imagery as remote sensing inputs. In the TSEB, we used the Priestly-Taylor (PT) approximation for canopy latent heat flux, as in the original model formulations. We also used the Penman-Monteith (PM) approximation for comparison. We compared energy balance fluxes and computed ET with measurements from three eddy covariance systems within the study area. Net radiation was underestimated by the model when data from a local weather station were used as input, with mean bias error (MBE) of -33.8 to -40.9 W m-2. The measured incident solar radiation appeared to be biased low. The net radiation model performed more satisfactorily when data from the eddy covariance flux towers were input into the model, with MBE of 5.3 to 11.2 W m-2. We removed bias in the daily energy balance ET using a dimensionless multiplier that ranged from 0.89 to 0.99. The bias-corrected TSEB ET, using weather data from a local weather station and with local ground data in thermal infrared imagery corrections, had MBE = 0.09 mm d-1 (RMSE = 1.49 mm d-1) for PM and MBE = 0.04 mm d-1 (RMSE = 1.18 mm d-1) for PT. The hybrid model used statistical interpolation to combine the two ET estimates. We computed weighting factors for statistical interpolation to be 0.37 to 0.50 for the PM method and 0.56 to 0.64 for the PT method. Provisions were added to the model, including a real-time crop coefficient methodology, which allowed seasonal crop coefficients to be computed with relatively few remote sensing images. This methodology performed well when compared to basal crop coefficients computed using a full season of input imagery. Water balance ET compared favorably with the eddy covariance data after incorporating the TSEB ET. For a validation dataset, the magnitude of MBE decreased from -0.86 mm d-1 (RMSE = 1.37 mm d-1) for the Kcbrf alone to -0.45 mm d-1 (RMSE = 0.98 mm d-1) and -0.39 mm d-1 (RMSE = 0.95 mm d-1) with incorporation of the TSEB ET using the PM and PT methods, respectively. However, the magnitudes of MBE and RMSE were increased for a running average of daily computations in the full May-October periods. The hybrid model did not necessarily result in improved model performance. However, the water balance model is adaptable for real-time irrigation scheduling and may be combined with forecasted reference ET, although the low temporal frequency of satellite imagery is expected to be a challenge in real-time irrigation management. Keywords: Center-pivot irrigation, ET estimation methods, Evapotranspiration, Irrigation scheduling, Irrigation water balance, Model validation, Variable-rate irrigation.

scholarly journals Irrigation management strategy for Prata-type banana

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 817-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo R. dos Santos ◽  
Sérgio L. R. Donato ◽  
Lilian L. Lourenço ◽  
Tânia S. Silva ◽  
Mauricio A. Coelho Filho
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Reference Evapotranspiration ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Mother And Daughter ◽  
Production Cycles ◽  
Use Efficiency

ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyze different irrigation strategies in two cultivars of the banana crop. The study was conducted in four production cycles of ‘Prata-Anã’ and ‘BRS Platina’ bananas. The applied irrigation depths (ID) were obtained by the model ID = K x LA x ETo, where K is an empirical transpiration constant of 0.20; 0.35; 0.50 and 0.65 for the strategies 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively; LA is the leaf area of mother and daughter plants of ‘Prata-Anã’ and ETo is the reference evapotranspiration. The strategy 5 was obtained according to the crop evapotranspiration, ETc = ETo x Kc, where Kc is the crop coefficient. Drip irrigation system was used, with two laterals per plant row and emitters with flow rate of 8 L h-1, spaced at 0.50 m. It was found that ‘Prata-Anã’ is more efficient than ‘BRS Platina’ in terms of water use and the model for irrigation management, ID = 0.35 x LA x ETo, is recommended to optimize water use by ‘Prata-Anã’ and ‘BRS Platina’ bananas, with increase in water use efficiency and maintenance of yield. The same model, with K coefficient equal to 0.50, makes it possible to obtain yield and water use efficiency equal to those obtained with irrigation management based on the ETc.

scholarly journals The Effects of Saline Stress on the Growth of Two Shrub Species in the Qaidam Basin of Northwestern China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tan Zhang ◽  
Zhenzhong Zhang ◽  
Yuanhang Li ◽  
Kangning He
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Qaidam Basin ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Lycium Barbarum ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Selection Of

Soil salinization is a serious issue in the Qaidam Basin and significantly limits economic development. To explore the salt tolerance of two shrubs in this area, we determined several parameters, including the Soil and Plant Analyzer Development (SPAD), net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), intercellular carbon dioxide (Ci, μmol mol−1), stomatal conductance (Gs, umol m−2s−1), and water use efficiency (WUE) under different salt concentrations (0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 mmol·L−1). In addition, the shrubs of Elaeagnus angustifolia and Lycium barbarum of salt tolerance were evaluated. The photosynthetic parameters of E. angustifolia were more sensitive to salinity than those of L. barbarum, and SPAD, Pn, Tr, and WUE of E. angustifolia decreased significantly with increasing salt concentrations (P < 0.05), while in L. barbarum, SPAD, Pn, and Tr decreased significantly with increasing salt concentrations (P < 0.05), but the WUE of L. barbarum showed no significantly variation under the salt concentration gradient. The results of correlation matrix of photosynthetic index also indicated that the minimum salt tolerance of E. angustifolia and L. barbarum were 108.4 and 246.3 mmol·L−1, respectively. Our results provide a scientific basis for the selection of salt-tolerant plant species in of northwest China.

scholarly journals Using Plastic Mulching Improves Greenhouse-Grown Pakchoi (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis) Growth and Water Use Efficiency under Irrigation Scheduling Based on Soil Water Content

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1257
Author(s):  
Yue Xie ◽  
Shenglin Wang ◽  
Chen Luo ◽  
Mengyao Sun ◽  
Yixin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Micro Irrigation

Scarce water resources limit protected vegetable production in North China. Implementing efficient water-saving techniques is crucial for maintaining protected vegetable production and sustainability. A two-growing season field experiment was conducted in a glass greenhouse to explore the effects of water-saving techniques with irrigation scheduling based on soil water content on the growth and quality of pakchoi and the fate of irrigation water. Three water-saving techniques were investigated: micro-irrigation (M-0), furrow irrigation with plastic mulch (F-P), and micro-irrigation with plastic mulch (M-P) compared to furrow irrigation (F-0). F-P and M-P treatments enhanced pakchoi growth and primarily increased the total root length of the root system (0–0.2 m) compared to F-0. The two treatments further induced an improvement of pakchoi quality. Compared to M-0, F-P and M-P treatments showed better performance in reducing evaporation by 57–70% and proportion of evaporation in evapotranspiration, and consequently exhibited more pronounced effects on water saving. Irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) was improved in F-P by 50% in both seasons and was improved in M-P by 84 and 95% in spring season and autumn season, respectively. Combining irrigation scheduling based on soil water content with plastic mulch is a feasible way to improve IWUE in protected vegetable production by reducing water consumption and enhancing crop growth.

scholarly journals DETERMINAÇÃO DO COEFICIENTE DE CULTURA DO CAPIM-MOMBAÇA MANEJADO EM DIFERENTES ESTAÇÕES DO ANO NO SEMIÁRIDO MINEIRO

Irriga ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 170-183
Author(s):  
VIRGÍLIO JAMIR GONÇALVES MOTA ◽  
Abner José De carvalho ◽  
Flávio Gonçalves Oliveira ◽  
Virgílio Mesquita Gomes ◽  
Flávio Pinto Monção ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Autumn And Winter ◽  
E Mail

DETERMINAÇÃO DO COEFICIENTE DE CULTURA DO CAPIM-MOMBAÇA MANEJADO EM DIFERENTES ESTAÇÕES DO ANO NO SEMIÁRIDO MINEIRO   VIRGÍLIO JAMIR GONÇALVES MOTA¹; ABNER JOSÉ DE CARVALHO2; FLÁVIO GONÇALVES OLIVEIRA3; VIRGÍLIO MESQUITA GOMES4; FLÁVIO PINTO MONÇÃO5 E VIRGÍLIO JAMIR GONÇALVES MOTA FILHO6   1 Eng. Agrônomo, Doutor, Prof. DCA/UNIMONTES, Campus Janaúba – MG. Av. Reinaldo Viana, 2630, Janaúba - MG, 39440-000, Brasil. e-mail: [email protected] 2 Eng. Agrônomo, Doutor, Prof. DCA/UNIMONTES, Campus Janaúba – MG. Av. Reinaldo Viana, 2630, Janaúba - MG, 39440-000, Brasil. e-mail: [email protected] 3 Eng. Agrícola, Doutor, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. ICA/UFMG, campus Montes Claros-MG, Brasil. [email protected] 4 Eng. Agrônomo, Doutor, Prof. DCA/UNIMONTES, Campus Janaúba – MG. Av. Reinaldo Viana, 2630, Janaúba - MG, 39440-000, Brasil. e-mail: [email protected] 5 Zootecnista, Pós-Doutor, Prof. colaborador do PGZ/DCA/UNIMONTES, Campus Janaúba – MG. Av. Reinaldo Viana, 2630, Janaúba - MG, 39440-000, Brasil. e-mail: [email protected] 6 Eng. Agrônomo, Mestre, Prof. DCA/UNIMONTES Campus Janaúba – MG. Av. Reinaldo Viana, 2630, Janaúba - MG, 39440-000, Brasil. e-mail: [email protected]     1 RESUMO   Objetivou-se avaliar o coeficiente de cultura (kc), a produção de matéria seca (PMS) e a eficiência do uso da água do capim-mombaça (Panicum maximum Jacq. cv Mombaça) manejado em diferentes estações do ano. Foram avaliadas quatro fases de manejo (I, II, III e IV) caracterizadas por alturas para cortes das plantas baseadas na fenologia do capim-mombaça, correspondendo à primeira fase (45 a 56 cm – início da rebrotação) com base na interceptação luminosa de 95%, seguindo delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições. O capim foi manejado sob cortes em lisímetros de drenagem. Os cortes foram efetuados quando o capim atingia 90 cm de altura deixando resíduo de 45 cm. A PMS no verão, outono e inverno/primavera foi de 9.994, 8.261 e 10.705 kg.ha-1, respectivamente. O consumo de água no verão, outono e inverno/primavera foi de 697, 396 e 1711 mm, respectivamente, acarretando eficiência de seu uso de 14,28, 20,88 e 6,26 kg.ha-1.mm-1, respectivamente. O coeficiente de cultura do capim-mombaça variou de 0,79 a 1,25, nos períodos de verão e outono e de 0,62 a 1,06 no inverno/primavera.   Palavras-chave: manejo da irrigação, evapotranspiração da cultura, pasto, estágios de desenvolvimento.     MOTA, V. J. G.; CARVALHO, A. J.; OLIVEIRA, F. G.; GOMES, V. M.; MONÇÃO, F. P.; MOTA FILHO, V. J. G. DETERMINATION OF CULTURE COEFFICIENT OF MOMBASA GRASS MANAGED IN DIFFERENT SEASONS OF THE YEAR IN MINEIRO SEMIARID           2 ABSTRACT   The objective of this study was to evaluate crop coefficient (kc), dry matter yield (PMS) and water use efficiency of mombaça grass (Panicum maximum Jacq. cv Mombasa) managed at different seasons of the year. Four management phases (I, II, III and IV) characterized by plant heights based on mombaça grass phenology corresponding to the first phase (45 to 56 cm - start of regrowth) based on light interception of 95% were evaluated, following a completely randomized design with five repetitions. The grass was managed under cuts in drainage lysimeters. The cuts were made when the grass reached 90 cm height leaving a residue of 45 cm. The PMS in summer, autumn and winter / spring was 9,994, 8,261 and 10,705 kg.ha-1, respectively. Water consumption in summer, autumn and winter / spring was 697, 396 and 1,711 mm, respectively, resulting in an efficiency of 14.28, 20.88 and 6.26 kg.ha-1.mm-1, respectively. The crop coefficient of mombaça grass ranged from 0.79 to 1.25 in summer and autumn and from 0.62 to 1.06 in winter/spring.   Keywords: irrigation management, crop evapotranspiration, pasture, stages of development.

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