scholarly journals Coupling Rivers and Estuaries with an Ocean Model: An Improved Methodology

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 2284
Author(s):  
João Sobrinho ◽  
Hilda de Pablo ◽  
Francisco Campuzano ◽  
Ramiro Neves
Keyword(s):  
Salt Water ◽  
Regional Model ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Model Application ◽  
Operational Modelling ◽  
High Dominance ◽  
Freshwater Inputs ◽  
River Mouths

Freshwater sources are essential inputs for regional ocean models covering coastal areas such as the western Iberian Peninsula. The problem is how to include the mixture between fresh and salt water, typically performed by estuaries and in the adjacent areas of river mouths, without unsustainable increases of computational time and human setup errors. This work provides a proof-of-concept solution to both these problems through the use of an offline two-way methodology, where local schematic rivers and estuaries are responsible for mixing river freshwater with salt water of a regional model application. Two different offline upscaling methodologies—which focus on the implementation of tidal fluxes from local domains to regional domains in the context of operational modelling—are implemented in the Portuguese Coast Operational Modelling System (PCOMS) regional model application as well as in a version without rivers. A comparison between results produced by these methodologies, field data, and satellite imagery was performed, which confirmed that the proposed methodology of using schematic rivers and estuaries, combined with the new offline upscaling methodology proposed herein, represents a good solution for operational modelling of coastal areas subject to a high dominance of freshwater inputs.

scholarly journals Implementation of a time-dependent bathymetry in a free-surface ocean model: Application to internal wave generation

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Auclair ◽  
L. Bordois ◽  
Y. Dossmann ◽  
T. Duhaut ◽  
C. Estournel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Surface ◽  
Internal Wave ◽  
Wave Generation ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Model Application ◽  
Surface Ocean ◽  
Internal Wave Generation

Impact of biogeochemistry feedbacks on the projected climate change signal over the Indian Continent

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry Sein ◽  
William Cabos ◽  
Pankaj Kumar ◽  
Vladimir Ryabchenko ◽  
Stanislav Martyanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Regional Model ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Signal ◽  
Water Type ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
The Impact

<p>There are few studies dedicated to assessing the impact of biogeochemistry feedbacks on the climate change signal. In this study, we evaluate this impact in a future climate change scenario over the Indian subcontinent with the coupled regional model ROM in the Indian CORDEX area.In ROM a global ocean model (MPIOM) with regionally high horizontal resolution (up to 15 km resolution in the Bay of Bengal) is coupled to an atmospheric regional model (REMO, with 25 km resolution) and global terrestrial hydrology model. The ocean and the atmosphere are interacting within the region covered by the atmospheric domain. Outside this domain, the ocean model is not coupled to the atmosphere, being driven by prescribed atmospheric forcing, thus running in so-called stand-alone mode.</p><p>To assess the impact of biogeochemical feedbacks on the climate change signal, we compare two simulations with ROM. In both simulations, the model is driven by data from a climate change simulation under the RCP 8.5 scenario with the MPI-ESM global model and differ only in the activation of the biochemistry module of MPIOM. In the first simulation, we use a light attenuation parameterization based on the Jerlov water types, when the attenuation coefficient varies spatially depending on the water type specified but does not vary in time. In the second simulation, we introduce the biochemical feedbacks as implemented in the global ocean biogeochemistry model HAMOCC.  </p><p>Both simulations capture the main features of the present time atmospheric and oceanic variability in the region and the model with HAMOCC reproduces well the intra-annual dynamics of the marine ecosystem in the northern Indian Ocean.</p><p>A comparison of the simulated changes in atmospheric variables shows that the feedbacks have a substantial impact on the climate change signal for precipitation and air temperature, especially over the central Indian region.</p><p>Acknowledgement: The work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (Project 19-47-02015) and Indian project no. DST/INT/RUS/RSF/P-33/G.</p>

scholarly journals The analysis of large-scale turbulence characteristics in the Indonesian seas derived from a regional model based on the Princeton Ocean Model

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-103
Author(s):  
K. O'Driscoll ◽  
V. Kamenkovich
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
Regional Model ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Princeton Ocean Model ◽  
Turbulence Characteristics ◽  
Indonesian Seas ◽  
The North ◽  
Closure Scheme ◽  
Mixing Coefficients

Abstract. The analysis is presented of the distribution of deep ocean turbulence characteristics on the horizontal scale of order 100 km in the vicinity of the Lifamatola Sill, from the Southern Maluku Sea (north of the sill) to the Seram Sea (south of the sill). The turbulence characteristics were calculated with a regional model of the Indonesian seas circulation based on the Princeton Ocean Model (POM), incorporating the Mellor-Yamada turbulence closure scheme. The analysis has been carried out for the entire Indonesian seas region, including areas around important topographic features, such as the Lifamatola Sill, the North Sangihe Ridge, the Dewakang Sill and the North and South Halmahera Sea Sills. To illustrate results of application of the Mellor-Yamada closure scheme we have focused on the description of features of turbulence characteristics across the Lifamatola Sill because dynamically this region is very important and some estimates of mixing coefficients in this area are available. As is well known, the POM model output provides both dynamical (depth-integrated and 3-D velocities, temperature, salinity, and sea-surface-height) and turbulence characteristics (kinetic energy and master scale of turbulence, mixing coefficients of momentum, temperature and salinity, etc.). As a rule, the analysis of POM modeling results has been restricted to the study of corresponding dynamical characteristics, however the study of turbulence characteristics is essential to understanding the dynamics of the ocean circulation as well. Due to the absence of direct measurements of turbulence characteristics in the analyzed area, we argued the validity of the simulated characteristics in the light of their compatibility with some general principles. Thus, along these lines, vertical profiles of across-the-sill velocities, twice the kinetic energy of turbulence, turbulence length scale, the separate terms in the equation of kinetic energy of turbulence, the Richardson number, and finally coefficients of mixing of momentum and temperature and salinity are discussed. Average values of the vertical mixing coefficient compare well with indirect estimates previously made from diagnostic calculations based on Munk's model.

scholarly journals A Relocatable Ocean Modeling Platform for Downscaling to Shelf-Coastal Areas to Support Disaster Risk Reduction

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Trotta ◽  
Ivan Federico ◽  
Nadia Pinardi ◽  
Giovanni Coppini ◽  
Salvatore Causio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
World Ocean ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Coastal Areas

High-impact ocean weather events and climate extremes can have devastating effects on coastal zones and small islands. Marine Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) is a systematic approach to such events, through which the risk of disaster can be identified, assessed and reduced. This can be done by improving ocean and atmosphere prediction models, data assimilation for better initial conditions and developing an efficient and sustainable impact forecasting methodology for Early Warnings Systems. A common user request during disaster remediation actions is for high-resolution information, which can be derived from easily deployable numerical models nested into operational larger-scale ocean models. The Structured and Unstructured Relocatable Ocean Model for Forecasting (SURF) enables users to rapidly deploy a nested high-resolution numerical model into larger-scale ocean forecasts. Rapidly downscaling the currents, sea level, temperature, and salinity fields is critical in supporting emergency responses to extreme events and natural hazards in the world’s oceans. The most important requirement in a relocatable model is to ensure that the interpolation of low-resolution ocean model fields (analyses and reanalyses) and atmospheric forcing is tested for different model domains. The provision of continuous ocean circulation forecasts through the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS) enables this testing. High-resolution SURF ocean circulation forecasts can be provided to specific application models such as oil spill fate and transport models, search and rescue trajectory models, and ship routing models requiring knowledge of meteo-oceanographic conditions. SURF was used to downscale CMEMS circulation analyses in four world ocean regions, and the high-resolution currents it can simulate for specific applications are examined. The SURF downscaled circulation fields show that the marine current resolutions affect the quality of the application models to be used for assessing disaster risks, particularly near coastal areas where the coastline geometry must be resolved through a numerical grid, and high-frequency coastal currents must be accurately simulated.

High-resolution 3D Forecasting System for Barcelona's beaches and coastal waters

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Liste Muñoz ◽  
Marc Mestres Ridge ◽  
Manuel Espino Infantes ◽  
Agustín Sánchez-Arcilla ◽  
Manuel García León ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Rip Currents ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Informed Decisions ◽  
Prediction Systems

<p>The ocean is an essential part of the planet that plays a crucial role in the global life system and provides vital resources for humanity. Coastal areas are the most affected by direct pressure from human activity, and their management is very complex due to the multiple interconnected processes that occur there. To conserve and protect our coastal areas, we must observe and understand how they interact. Despite its paramount importance to society, there are fundamental gaps in coastal observing and modelling. Therefore, current forecasting systems limit our capacity to manage this narrow border between land and sea sustainably. Improved numerical models and sustained observations of our ocean are needed to make informed decisions and ensure that human-coastal interaction is sustainable and safe.</p><p>EuroSea initiative is an innovation action of the European Union entitled "Improvement and integration of the European oceans Observation and prediction systems for the sustainable use of the oceans'. EuroSea brings together the leading European players in the ocean observation and forecasting with users of oceanographic products and services and provides high-resolution coastal operational prediction systems in domains such as ports, beaches and nearby coastal waters.</p><p>In the EuroSea project framework, we present a 3D hydrodynamic tool to improve Barcelona's beaches' inner dynamics solution. We use the Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere - Wave - Sediment Transport (COAWST) Modeling System that utilizes the Model Coupling Toolkit to exchange prognostic variables between the ocean model ROMS, wave model SWAN, and the Community Sediment Transport Modeling System (CSTMS) sediment routines. As part of the system, the wave and ocean models run with nested, refined, spatial grids to provide increased resolution, scaling down to resolve nearshore wave-driven flows, all within selected regions of a larger, coarser-scale coastal modelling system.</p><p>Bathymetry was built using a combination of bathymetric data from EMODnet (European Marine Observation and Data Network), and specific high-resolution sources provided by local authorities. Copernicus products have driven these high-resolution simulations.</p><p>Results have been validated with field campaigns data, displaying preliminary agreements between model outputs and in-situ observations. The model provides results that will be used to study interactions between sea-level hazards, economic activity, and risk. These results will develop new forecast capabilities, such as erosion and flooding, rip currents, floating debris and flushing times.</p><p>Finally, we look ahead to the future of the operational prediction systems as useful tools to make informed decisions, minimize risks and improve environmental management.</p>

scholarly journals Modeling Air–Land–Sea Interactions Using the Integrated Regional Model System in Monterey Bay, California

2012 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 1285-1306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Heng Tseng ◽  
Shou-Hung Chien ◽  
Jiming Jin ◽  
Norman L. Miller
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Coastal Upwelling ◽  
General Circulation Models ◽  
Regional Model ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Model System ◽  
Ocean Dynamics ◽  
Monterey Bay ◽  
Community Land Model

The air–land–sea interaction in the vicinity of Monterey Bay, California, is simulated and investigated using a new Integrated Regional Model System (I-RMS). This new model realistically resolves coastal processes and submesoscale features that are poorly represented in atmosphere–ocean general circulation models where systematic biases are seen in the long-term model integration. The current I-RMS integrates version 3.1 of the Weather Research and Forecasting Model and version 3.0 of the Community Land Model with an advanced coastal ocean model, based on the nonhydrostatic Monterey Bay Area Regional Ocean Model. The daily land–sea-breeze circulations and the Santa Cruz eddy are fully resolved using high-resolution grids in the coastal margin. In the ocean, coastal upwelling and submesoscale gyres are also well simulated with this version of the coupled I-RMS. Comparison with observations indicates that the high-resolution, improved representation of ocean dynamics in the I-RMS increases the surface moisture flux and the resulting lower-atmospheric water vapor, a primary controlling mechanism for the enhancement of regional coastal fog formation, particularly along the West Coast of the conterminous United States. The I-RMS results show the importance of detailed ocean feedbacks due to coastal upwelling in the marine atmospheric boundary layer.

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