scholarly journals Remote Retrieval of Suspended Particulate Matter in Inland Waters: Image-Based or Physical Atmospheric Correction Models?

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 2149
Author(s):  
Anas El Alem ◽  
Rachid Lhissou ◽  
Karem Chokmani ◽  
Khalid Oubennaceur
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Landsat Imagery ◽  
Atmospheric Correction ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Cost Models ◽  
Blind Test ◽  
Validation Data ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Spm Concentration

The objective of this paper was to compare the limits of three image-based atmospheric correction models (top of the atmosphere (ToA), dark object subtraction (DOS), and cosine of the sun zenith angle (COST)), and three physical models (atmospheric correction for flat terrain (ATCOR), fast line-of-sight atmospheric analysis of spectral hypercubes (FLAASH)), and ACOLITE) for retrieving suspended particulate matter (SPM) concentrations in inland water bodies using Landsat imagery. For SPM concentration estimates, all possible combinations of 2-band normalized ratios (2bNR) were computed, and a stepwise regression was applied. The correlation analysis allowed highlighting that the red/blue 2bNR was the best spectral index to retrieve SPM concentrations in the case of image-based models, while the red/green 2bNR was the best in the case of physical models. Contrary to expectations, image-based atmospheric models outperformed the accuracy of physical models. The cross-validation results underlined the good performance of the DOS and COST models, with R2 > 0.83, NASH-criterion (Nash) > 0.83, bias = −0.01 mg/L, and RMSE < 0.27 mg/L. This outperformance was confirmed using blind test validation data, with an R2 > 0.86 and Nash > 0.58 for the DOS and COST models. The challenges and limitations involved in the remote monitoring of SPM spatial distribution in turbid productive waters using satellite data are discussed at the end of the paper.

scholarly journals Consistency of Suspended Particulate Matter Concentration in Turbid Water Retrieved from Sentinel-2 MSI and Landsat-8 OLI Sensors

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1662
Author(s):  
Hanghang Wang ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Yuhuan Cui ◽  
Shijiang Yan
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Atmospheric Correction ◽  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter Concentration ◽  
Retrieval Model ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Spm Concentration ◽  
Sentinel 2

Research on the consistency of suspended particulate matter (SPM) concentration retrieved from multisource satellite sensors can serve as long-time monitoring of water quality. To explore the influence of the atmospheric correction (AC) algorithm and the retrieval model on the consistency of the SPM concentration values, Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) and Sentinel 2 MultiSpectral Imager (MSI) images acquired on the same day are used to compare the remote sensing reflectance (Rrs) SPM retrieval values in two high-turbidity lakes. An SPM retrieval model for Shengjin Lake is established based on field measurements and applied to OLI and MSI images: two SPM concentration products are highly consistent (R2 = 0.93, Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) = 20.67 mg/L, Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) = 6.59%), and the desired results are also obtained in Chaohu Lake. Among the four AC algorithms (Management Unit of the North Seas Mathematical Models (MUMM), Atmospheric Correction for OLI’lite’(ACOLITE), Second Simulation of Satellite Signal in the Solar Spectrum (6S), Landsat 8 Surface Reflectance Code & Sen2cor (LaSRC & Sen2cor)), the two Rrs products, as well as the final SPM concentration products retrieved from OLI and MSI images, have the best consistency when using the MUMM algorithm in SeaWIFS Data Analyst System (SeaDAS) software. The consistency of SPM concentration values retrieved from OLI and MSI images using the same model or same form of models is significantly better than that retrieved by applying the optimal models with different forms.

scholarly journals The Advantages of Landsat 8-OLI-Derived Suspended Particulate Matter Maps for Monitoring the Subtidal Extension of Amazonian Coastal Mud Banks (French Guiana)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noelia Abascal Zorrilla ◽  
Vincent Vantrepotte ◽  
Erwan Gensac ◽  
Nicolas Huybrechts ◽  
Antoine Gardel
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
French Guiana ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Migration Rates ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Spm Concentration ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Comparison Of The Results

The coast of French Guiana is characterised by the northwestward migration of large mud banks alongshore and by high concentrations of suspended particulate matter (SPM) resulting from the strong influence of the Amazon River outflow. Surface OLI SPM concentration, linked to the footprint of the subtidal part of mud banks due to resuspension and migration processes, was used to develop a method to estimate the location of this footprint. A comparison of the results from this method with those obtained by locating the limit of the wave damping, which characterises muddy coasts, revealed good performance of the method based on recurring SPM values. The migration rates of the mud banks in French Guiana were calculated according to the delimitation of their subtidal parts, and showed slightly higher values (2.31 km/year) than suggested by earlier studies. In comparison with other methods, the migration rate estimated using the method proposed within the framework of this study takes into account the variability of the shape of the subtidal part for the first time. It was also shown that the mud banks existing on the coastal area of French Guiana present two different shapes. Our results clearly demonstrate the advantage of ocean colour data to describe mud banks according to their subtidal part, delimited using the assessment of SPM temporal variability.

scholarly journals A Simple Empirical Band-Ratio Algorithm to Assess Suspended Particulate Matter from Remote Sensing over Coastal and Inland Waters of Vietnam: Application to the VNREDSat-1/NAOMI Sensor

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2636
Author(s):  
Dat Dinh Ngoc ◽  
Hubert Loisel ◽  
Vincent Vantrepotte ◽  
Huy Chu Xuan ◽  
Ngoc Nguyen Minh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Band Ratio ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Spectral Bands ◽  
Processing Chain ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Spm Concentration

VNREDSat-1 is the first Vietnamese satellite enabling the survey of environmental parameters, such as vegetation and water coverages or surface water quality at medium spatial resolution (from 2.5 to 10 m depending on the considered channel). The New AstroSat Optical Modular Instrument (NAOMI) sensor on board VNREDSat-1 has the required spectral bands to assess the suspended particulate matter (SPM) concentration. Because recent studies have shown that the remote sensing reflectance, Rrs(λ), at the blue (450–520 nm), green (530–600 nm), and red (620–690 nm) spectral bands can be assessed using NAOMI with good accuracy, the present study is dedicated to the development and validation of an algorithm (hereafter referred to as V1SPM) to assess SPM from Rrs(λ) over inland and coastal waters of Vietnam. For that purpose, an in-situ data set of hyper-spectral Rrs(λ) and SPM (from 0.47 to 240.14 g·m−3) measurements collected at 205 coastal and inland stations has been gathered. Among the different approaches, including four historical algorithms, the polynomial algorithms involving the red-to-green reflectance ratio presents the best performance on the validation data set (mean absolute percent difference (MAPD) of 18.7%). Compared to the use of a single spectral band, the band ratio reduces the scatter around the polynomial fit, as well as the impact of imperfect atmospheric corrections. Due to the lack of matchup data points with VNREDSat-1, the full VNREDSat-1 processing chain (atmospheric correction (RED-NIR) and V1SPM), aiming at estimating SPM from the top-of-atmosphere signal, was applied to the Landsat-8/OLI match-up data points with relatively low to moderate SPM concentration (3.33–15.25 g·m−3), yielding a MAPD of 15.8%. An illustration of the use of this VNREDSat-1 processing chain during a flooding event occurring in Vietnam is provided.

scholarly journals An Algorithm to Estimate Suspended Particulate Matter Concentrations and Associated Uncertainties from Remote Sensing Reflectance in Coastal Environments

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 2172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Tavora ◽  
Emmanuel Boss ◽  
David Doxaran ◽  
Paul Hill
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Ocean Color ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Coastal Environments ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Spm Concentration

Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) is a major constituent in coastal waters, involved in processes such as light attenuation, pollutant propagation, and waterways blockage. The spatial distribution of SPM is an indicator of deposition and erosion patterns in estuaries and coastal zones and a necessary input to estimate the material fluxes from the land through rivers to the sea. In-situ methods to estimate SPM provide limited spatial data in comparison to the coverage that can be obtained remotely. Ocean color remote sensing complements field measurements by providing estimates of the spatial distributions of surface SPM concentration in natural waters, with high spatial and temporal resolution. Existing methods to obtain SPM from remote sensing vary between purely empirical ones to those that are based on radiative transfer theory together with empirical inputs regarding the optical properties of SPM. Most algorithms use a single satellite band that is switched to other bands for different ranges of turbidity. The necessity to switch bands is due to the saturation of reflectance as SPM concentration increases. Here we propose a multi-band approach for SPM retrievals that also provides an estimate of uncertainty, where the latter is based on both uncertainties in reflectance and in the assumed optical properties of SPM. The approach proposed is general and can be applied to any ocean color sensor or in-situ radiometer system with red and near-infra-red bands. We apply it to six globally distributed in-situ datasets of spectral water reflectance and SPM measurements over a wide range of SPM concentrations collected in estuaries and coastal environments (the focus regions of our study). Results show good performance for SPM retrieval at all ranges of concentration. As with all algorithms, better performance may be achieved by constraining empirical assumptions to specific environments. To demonstrate the flexibility of the algorithm we apply it to a remote sensing scene from an environment with highly variable sediment concentrations.

scholarly journals Simultaneous atmospheric correction and quantification of suspended particulate matter in the Guadalquivir estuary from Landsat images

2015 ◽  
Vol 368 ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Carpintero ◽  
M. J. Polo ◽  
Mhd. Suhyp Salama
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Atmospheric Correction ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Guadalquivir Estuary ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Analytical Approaches

Abstract. Earth observations (EOs) following empirical and/or analytical approaches are a feasible alternative to obtain spatial and temporal distribution of water quality variables. The limitations observed in the use of empirical approaches to estimate high concentrations of suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the estuarine water of Guadalquivir have led the authors to use a semi-analytical model, which relates the water constituents’ concentration to the water leaving reflectance. In this work, the atmospheric correction has been carried out simultaneously and the aerosol reflectance and backscattering coefficients of SPM obtained. The results are validated using in situ SPM data series provided by a monitoring network in the study area. The results show that the model allows us to successfully estimate backscattering coefficients of SPM in the estuary, differentiating clear and turbid water and using two ε(4,5) .These considerations improve the value of R2 from 0.68 (single ε(4,5)) to 0.86 (two ε( 4,5)) on 18 May 2009. This method could be used as a preliminary approach to obtain SPM concentration in the Guadalquivir estuary with the limitations that the model shows for turbid waters.

scholarly journals Evidence for a maximum of sinking velocities of suspended particulate matter in a coastal transition zone

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joeran Maerz ◽  
Richard Hofmeister ◽  
Eefke M. van der Lee ◽  
Ulf Gräwe ◽  
Rolf Riethmüller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Transition Zone ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Eddy Diffusivity ◽  
Nutrient Cycle ◽  
Fine Sediments ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Spm Concentration

Abstract. Marine coastal ecosystem functioning is crucially linked to the transport and fate of suspended particulate matter (SPM). Transport of SPM is, amongst others, controlled by sinking velocity ws. Since ws of cohesive SPM aggregates varies significantly with size and composition of mineral and organic origin, ws probably exhibits large spatial variability along gradients of turbulence, SPM concentration and SPM composition. In this study, we retrieved ws for the German Bight, North Sea, by combining measured vertical turbidity profiles with simulation results for turbulent eddy diffusivity. Analyzed with 5 respect to modeled prevailing energy dissipation rates &amp;epsilon,, mean ws were significantly enhanced around log10(ε (m2s−3)) ≈ −5.5. This ε region is typically found at water depths of approximately 15 m to 20 m on a cross-shore transect. Across this zone, SPM concentration declines drastically towards the offshore and a change in particle composition occurs. This characterizes a transition zone with potentially enhanced vertical fluxes. Our findings contribute to the conceptual understanding of nutrient cycling in the coastal region which is as follows: Previous studies identified an estuarine circulation. Its residual landward-oriented bottom currents are likely loaded with SPM particularly within the transition zone. This retains and traps fine sediments and particulate-bound nutrients in coastal waters where organic components of SPM become re-mineralized. Residual surface currents transport dissolved nutrients towards the off-shore, where they are again consumed by phytoplankton. Algae excrete extracellular polymeric substances which are known to mediate mineral aggregation and thus sedimentation. This probably takes place particularly in the transition zone and completes the coastal nutrient cycle. The efficiency of the transition zone for retention is thus suggested as an important mechanism that underlies the often observed nutrient gradients towards the coast.

scholarly journals Maximum sinking velocities of suspended particulate matter in a coastal transition zone

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 4863-4876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joeran Maerz ◽  
Richard Hofmeister ◽  
Eefke M. van der Lee ◽  
Ulf Gräwe ◽  
Rolf Riethmüller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Transition Zone ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Eddy Diffusivity ◽  
Nutrient Cycle ◽  
Fine Sediments ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Spm Concentration

Abstract. Marine coastal ecosystem functioning is crucially linked to the transport and fate of suspended particulate matter (SPM). Transport of SPM is controlled by, amongst other factors, sinking velocity ws. Since the ws of cohesive SPM aggregates varies significantly with size and composition of the mineral and organic origin, ws exhibits large spatial variability along gradients of turbulence, SPM concentration (SPMC) and SPM composition. In this study, we retrieved ws for the German Bight, North Sea, by combining measured vertical turbidity profiles with simulation results for turbulent eddy diffusivity. We analyzed ws with respect to modeled prevailing dissipation rates ϵ and found that mean ws were significantly enhanced around log10(ϵ (m2 s−3)) ≈ −5.5. This ϵ region is typically found at water depths of approximately 15 to 20 m along cross-shore transects. Across this zone, SPMC declines towards the offshore waters and a change in particle composition occurs. This characterizes a transition zone with potentially enhanced vertical fluxes. Our findings contribute to the conceptual understanding of nutrient cycling in the coastal region which is as follows. Previous studies identified an estuarine circulation. Its residual landward-oriented bottom currents are loaded with SPM, particularly within the transition zone. This retains and traps fine sediments and particulate-bound nutrients in coastal waters where organic components of SPM become remineralized. Residual surface currents transport dissolved nutrients offshore, where they are again consumed by phytoplankton. Algae excrete extracellular polymeric substances which are known to mediate mineral aggregation and thus sedimentation. This probably takes place particularly in the transition zone and completes the coastal nutrient cycle. The efficiency of the transition zone for retention is thus suggested as an important mechanism that underlies the often observed nutrient gradients towards the coast.

scholarly journals Distribution and sources of suspended particulate matter in the Kara Sea

2015 ◽  
Vol 365 ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
M. Kravchishina ◽  
A. Lein ◽  
V. Burenkov ◽  
V. Artem'ev ◽  
A. Novigatsky
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Kara Sea ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Benthic Boundary Layer ◽  
New Information ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Spm Concentration

Abstract. The distribution of suspended particulate matter (SPM) concentration in the Kara Sea was analysed based on ship and satellite data during the lowest ice cover periods in the Arctic (2007 and 2011). The distance of the river runoff with terrigenous SPM was recognized up to at least 76–76.5° N on the basis of isotope data and SPM concentrations and composition. The complex studies of SPM in the water column and in the benthic boundary layer provided new information about the supply and transformation of particles in the marine ecosystem.

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