scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Variations and Influencing Factors of Terrestrial Evapotranspiration and Its Components during Different Impoundment Periods in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2111
Author(s):  
Yongyue Ji ◽  
Qingqing Tang ◽  
Lingyun Yan ◽  
Shengjun Wu ◽  
Liming Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Three Gorges Reservoir ◽  
Vapor Pressure Deficit ◽  
Three Gorges Reservoir Area ◽  
Three Gorges ◽  
Climate Factors ◽  
Spatiotemporal Variations ◽  
Reservoir Area ◽  
The Three Gorges

Identifying the spatiotemporal variations and influencing climate factors of evapotranspiration (ET) and its components (vegetation transpiration (Ec), soil evaporation (Es), and canopy interception evaporation (Ei)) can greatly improve our understanding of water cycle, carbon cycle, and biogeochemical processes in a warming climate. As the world′s largest hydropower project, the construction of the Three Gorges Project (TGP) coupled with the significant land use/land cover change affected the regional water and energy exchange in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area (TGRA). This study aimed to reveal the spatiotemporal variations and influencing climate factors in ET and its components using PML-V2 products in TGRA during 2000–2020. Results showed that the mean annual ET, Ec, Es, and Ei in TGRA were 585.12, 328.49, 173.07, and 83.56 mm, respectively. The temporal variation of ET was dominated by Ec, with no significant change in the time trend. Es decreased (2.92 mm/y) and Ei increased (1.66 mm/y) significantly mainly in the cultivated land. ET, Ec, and Ei showed a similar seasonal variation pattern with a single peak, while Es presented a bimodal pattern. From the pre-impoundment to the first impoundment period, ET and Ec mainly increased in the head of TGRA, meanwhile, Es in urban area increased significantly by 27.8%. In the subsequent impoundment periods, ET and Ec changed slightly while Es sharply decreased. The Ei increased persistently during different impoundment period. The dominant climate factors affecting changes in Ec and Es were air temperature, vapor pressure deficit, and sunshine hours, while the variation of Ei was mainly affected by air temperature, vapor pressure deficit, and precipitation.

scholarly journals Effects of Landscape Positions and Landscape Types on Soil Properties and Chlorophyll Content of Citrus in a Sloping Orchard in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4288
Author(s):  
Siyue Sun ◽  
Guolin Zhang ◽  
Tieguang He ◽  
Shufang Song ◽  
Xingbiao Chu
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Three Gorges Reservoir ◽  
Slope Position ◽  
Three Gorges Reservoir Area ◽  
Three Gorges ◽  
Reservoir Area ◽  
The Three Gorges Reservoir ◽  
The Three Gorges ◽  
Landscape Types

In recent years, soil degradation and decreasing orchard productivity in the sloping orchards of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area of China have received considerable attention both inside and outside the country. More studies pay attention to the effects of topography on soil property changes, but less research is conducted from the landscape. Therefore, understanding the effects of landscape positions and landscape types on soil properties and chlorophyll content of citrus in a sloping orchard is of great significance in this area. Our results showed that landscape positions and types had a significant effect on the soil properties and chlorophyll content of citrus. The lowest soil nutrient content was detected in the upper slope position and sloping land, while the highest exists at the footslope and terraces. The chlorophyll content of citrus in the middle and upper landscape position was significantly higher than the footslope. The redundancy analysis showed that the first two ordination axes together accounted for 81.32% of the total variation, which could be explained by the changes of soil total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, available nitrogen, available potassium, organic matter, pH, and chlorophyll content of the citrus. Overall, this study indicates the significant influence of landscape positions and types on soil properties and chlorophyll content of citrus. Further, this study provides a reference for the determination of targeted land management measures and orchard landscape design so that the soil quality and orchard yield can be improved, and finally, the sustainable development of agriculture and ecology can be realized.

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